The document discusses hair structure, the function and chemistry of shampoo, and how pH impacts hair and shampoo effectiveness. Hair is made of protein chains and is dead after leaving the root. Shampoo's main ingredients are water and surfactants, which help clean hair by stripping oil. The pH of hair is 4.5-5.5, while shampoo pH ranges from 5-11; a pH that is too acidic or basic can damage hair. Shampoo aims to remove dirt while maintaining the hair's natural pH balance.

1. PH AND SHAMPOO
By: Izzy Nuta

2. Hair structure
 Your hair is a living thing
 Hair is made up of mostly proteins, which proteins
are made up of long chains of amino acids
 The hair is dead material after it leaves its root
(Boehm 1)

3. Function of Shampoo
 There are different shampoo’s for certain types of
hairs.
 Wash the hair effectively.
 Remove filth completely.
 Not have any side effects or irritations to the skin
and eyes.
 To prevent dandruff.

4. Potential of Hydrogen (pH)
 pH is a scale measurement of the acidity and
basicity.
 Human hair has the pH balance between 4.5 and
5.5
 The pH of shampoo usually ranges from 5 to 11.
 If the pH is too acidic, it will cause the cuticle to
contract; if the pH is too basic, the cuticle will open.

5. Chemistry of Shampoo
 There are four main ingredients in shampoos:
cleaning agents, modifying agents, pH adjuster, and
fragrance.
 The main ingredient in shampoos is water.
 The surfactant is another important ingredient in
shampoos.
 The surfactant helps to clean the hair and strips it of
oil which is similar to what soap does.
 Shampoo acts as a detergent for the hair.

6. Implications
 Shampoo is an everyday household item that
people use.
 Shampoo is a meant to remove grease and dirt of
hair.
 Shampoo could cause damage to hair depending
on the pH level of the shampoo and the frequency
of use of the shampoo.
 Foam actually does not do anything to hair but to
satisfy the consumers

7. Summary
 Need to know the frequency and how often to use
shampoo depending on the hair type.
 The most important ingredient needed for shampoo
are surfactants.
 There are four types: anionic, cationic, nonionic and
amphoteric.
 The basic chemistry of hair leads to the production
of shampoo.

8. Works cited
 Boehm, Gregory , Vitor Dasilva, Daniel Fulcher, and Jun Wang.
"CE457/527." Table of Contents. N.p., 9 Apr. 2002. Web. 27
Apr. 2014.
<http://www.eng.buffalo.edu/Courses/ce457_527/ce457_pr
o/g7_doc.htm>.
 Chemistry for Life. American Chemical Society, n.d. Web. 3
Apr. 2014.
<http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/
2008/august/ heads-up-study-of-hair-dynamics-may-lead-to-
better-hair-care-products.html>.