Overview of Medical Imaging (radiology). Historical Evolution of Medical Imaging. Definition of Key Concepts. Division of Medical Imaging. Aspects of Radiation Protection. Medical Imaging Training and research.
Skull x ray and pathologies radiology training resource nchanji nkeh kenethNchanji Nkeh Keneth
The Human Skull Anatomy. Skull Injuries. Skull X Ray, Indications, Basic Projections. Pathological Findings on Skull X-ray. Reading Skull radiographs. radiation Protection in Skull radiography
X ray of the upper limbs radiology raining resource nchanji nkeh kenethNchanji Nkeh Keneth
X-Ray of the Upper Limbs. The Shoulder Girdles, Shoulder Joints, The Humerus, Elbow Joint, the Forearm, the Wrist and the hand. Indications and Radiographic Findings
X-Ray of the Dorso-Lumbar Spine. Skeletal Anatomy and Pathologies. Radiographic Findings on Lumbo-Sacral Spine and Dorsal Spine. Radiographic Projections. Pediatric and Adult SPinal Disorder. Radiology Useful Training Resource for Medics and Paramedics
This document provides an overview of fetal MRI as a diagnostic imaging technique. It includes:
- An introduction and foreword discussing the technical advances and clinical applications of fetal MRI.
- A table of contents outlining the various topics to be covered across 29 chapters, including normal and pathological anatomy and development of various fetal organs as assessed by MRI.
- Information about the editors and editorial board who are international experts in fetal MRI and medical imaging.
- A preface by the editor, Dr. Daniela Prayer, introducing the aims and scope of the book.
Skull x ray and pathologies radiology training resource nchanji nkeh kenethNchanji Nkeh Keneth
The Human Skull Anatomy. Skull Injuries. Skull X Ray, Indications, Basic Projections. Pathological Findings on Skull X-ray. Reading Skull radiographs. radiation Protection in Skull radiography
X ray of the upper limbs radiology raining resource nchanji nkeh kenethNchanji Nkeh Keneth
X-Ray of the Upper Limbs. The Shoulder Girdles, Shoulder Joints, The Humerus, Elbow Joint, the Forearm, the Wrist and the hand. Indications and Radiographic Findings
X-Ray of the Dorso-Lumbar Spine. Skeletal Anatomy and Pathologies. Radiographic Findings on Lumbo-Sacral Spine and Dorsal Spine. Radiographic Projections. Pediatric and Adult SPinal Disorder. Radiology Useful Training Resource for Medics and Paramedics
This document provides an overview of fetal MRI as a diagnostic imaging technique. It includes:
- An introduction and foreword discussing the technical advances and clinical applications of fetal MRI.
- A table of contents outlining the various topics to be covered across 29 chapters, including normal and pathological anatomy and development of various fetal organs as assessed by MRI.
- Information about the editors and editorial board who are international experts in fetal MRI and medical imaging.
- A preface by the editor, Dr. Daniela Prayer, introducing the aims and scope of the book.
This document discusses the use of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a valuable adjunct to ultrasound in evaluating fetal abnormalities. It provides advantages of fetal MRI such as detailed anatomical imaging without radiation exposure. The document outlines the MRI protocol for fetal imaging and describes various fetal abnormalities that can be evaluated, including central nervous system anomalies like ventriculomegaly, corpus callosum abnormalities, holoprosencephaly, neural tube defects, and anencephaly. It emphasizes the role of fetal MRI in confirming suspected anomalies seen on ultrasound and detecting additional abnormalities.
Dr. Ibraheem Sabry El Mogy is a radiologist in Egypt who is seeking opportunities to learn advanced radiology techniques from top professionals. His objectives are to gain experience with state-of-the-art technology and procedures to contribute to facilities he works with and later bring this knowledge back to benefit patients in Egypt. He has strong academic and clinical experience in radiology and offers international perspective along with a dedication to patient care and staff mentorship.
Dr. Ibraheem Sabry El Mogy is a radiologist in Egypt who is seeking opportunities to gain experience with advanced radiology techniques used in other countries. He has strong academic and clinical experience in Egypt and wishes to contribute his skills while also learning new procedures and technologies to bring back to help the people in his home country. He is confident that he can make significant contributions and complement international facilities with his skills and international perspective.
Total Radiology Conference at Arab Health 2015Cheryl Prior
This document provides information about the Total Radiology 2015 conference to be held from January 26-29, 2015 in Dubai. The conference will cover various topics in radiology including cardiac, breast, abdominal, nuclear medicine, interventional radiology, neuroradiology, thoracic, and musculoskeletal imaging. Attendees will learn about the latest techniques, technologies, and developments in these fields. The conference is part of the larger Arab Health Congress and aims to advance imaging diagnosis and quality of patient care in the Middle East.
This curriculum vitae outlines the education and experience of Adel Ali Mohammad Mourad Ali Amer. He received his medical degree in 2003 from Ain Shams University in Egypt and has since gained experience in radiology, MRI, CT, ultrasound, and interventional procedures in both Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Currently, he is the head of the radiology department at Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Hospital in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Vacuum assisted breast biopsy systems use image-guided breast biopsy techniques to precisely locate breast lesions and safely obtain tissue samples. MRI is a highly accurate imaging method that can detect breast abnormalities early, making it useful for evaluating high-risk women. The ATEC system is an example of a vacuum assisted biopsy device that quickly collects core biopsy samples under MRI guidance in a closed system.
The document summarizes breast conservation therapy (BCT) experience at IRCH-AIIMS in New Delhi, India. It discusses the evolution and rationale for BCT, techniques used including oncoplastic surgery, indications and contraindications. The IRCH-AIIMS protocol for BCT involves lumpectomy, axillary dissection, whole breast radiotherapy with tumor bed boost. Of 272 BCT cases, 5-year disease-free and overall survival were 76% and 92%. BCT is underutilized but offers cosmetic and psychological advantages over mastectomy for early breast cancer when adequate infrastructure and multidisciplinary care is available.
This document discusses the evolution of breast cancer surgery from radical mastectomy to breast-conserving surgery (BCS). It provides an overview of the key factors to consider when determining eligibility for BCS, including tumor characteristics, family history, genetic factors, and patient age/health status. Multiple studies have shown that BCS followed by radiation therapy provides equivalent survival outcomes to mastectomy for appropriately selected early-stage patients. Surgical challenges include achieving negative margins, maintaining cosmesis, and detecting local recurrence after BCS. Patient selection factors and techniques to help guide BCS are discussed.
This document summarizes a case of screen-detected breast cancer that was managed through a multidisciplinary approach at the Janez Žgajnar Institute of Oncology Ljubljana. A 51-year-old woman underwent mammography screening where microcalcifications were discovered in her right breast. After a consensus conference and biopsy confirming high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, a preoperative conference recommended a mastectomy and sentinel node biopsy with possible reconstruction. A reconstruction meeting proposed an immediate autologous free flap. Final pathology found invasive ductal carcinoma along with the DCIS, and postoperatively it was determined that completion axillary dissection was needed. The case was presented to the breast cancer tumor board.
2012_Breast Cancer and Coronary Artery DiseaseJohn Lucas
This document discusses radiation therapy for breast cancer and its potential effects on the heart and coronary arteries. It provides an overview of the pathophysiology of radiation-induced cardiac toxicity, including microangiopathy of small vessels, macroangiopathy of coronary arteries, and fibrosis. It also summarizes several studies that found increased risks of ischemic heart disease, pericarditis, and valvular disease in patients receiving left-sided breast radiation compared to right-sided radiation. Newer radiation techniques using methods like deep inspiration breath hold and intensity-modulated radiation therapy can help reduce radiation doses to the heart.
This document provides an overview of breast contouring and radiotherapy treatment planning for breast cancer. It discusses contouring the clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV) for the breast or chest wall as well as lymph nodes. It also outlines dose volume histogram constraints for organs at risk. Various radiotherapy techniques are described including 3D conformal radiotherapy, forward planned intensity-modulated radiotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and prone positioning. Overall, the document provides guidance on delineating targets and organs at risk and generating optimized treatment plans for breast cancer patients.
The document discusses the overuse of CT scans, particularly in emergency departments. It notes that CT use has increased 11 times faster than the rate of ED visits over the last 10 years. Now around 25% of all CT scans are performed in the ED. However, less than 7% of patients presenting with dizziness or syncope benefited from head CT scans. The overuse of CT scans is due to factors like fear of lawsuits, perception that patients want the test, and pressure to utilize expensive machines. Guidelines recommend reducing unnecessary CT scans by using decision rules and clinical assessments to determine who truly needs a CT scan. The document advocates judicious use of CT scans by only using them for appropriate clinical indications and considering alternative imaging methods
This document discusses a predictive multiscale model for breast conserving therapy that was developed to:
1) Compute the cosmetic outcome of the breast after surgery in 3D.
2) Provide an interactive virtual model of lumpectomy surgery based on user input.
The model hypothesizes that mechanical strain and stress from gravity influence wound healing, and scar tissue production during healing influences the breast contour. It uses patient MRI data and models tissue mechanics and wound healing at the cellular level to simulate breast shape over time. Validation with patient data helped optimize key parameters impacting cosmetic results.
Introduction to advanced prehospital carebenlesold
This document provides an overview of the roles and responsibilities of an Advanced EMT-Critical Care Technician (AEMT-CC). It discusses key topics including medical direction, education and certification requirements, professional development, and the primary duties of an AEMT-CC such as patient assessment, treatment, and documentation. The document emphasizes the importance of physical and mental well-being for AEMT-CCs, covering issues like nutrition, substance abuse, back safety, and disease prevention.
Computed tomography (CT) of the head is used to assess head injuries, headaches, dizziness, and symptoms of conditions like aneurysms, bleeding, strokes, and brain tumors. It can also help evaluate the face, sinuses, and skull. CT of the head uses X-rays to generate cross-sectional images of the head and brain which provide more detailed information than regular X-rays, particularly for soft tissues and blood vessels. Common protocols for head CT include non-contrast exams for conditions like trauma or stroke, as well as contrast-enhanced exams to evaluate tumors, aneurysms, or other conditions. Precautions are taken to minimize radiation exposure, especially for children.
Pre hospital care of acutely injured patient by mohd taofiq et al.taofiq yinka
This document summarizes a presentation on pre-hospital management of acutely injured patients. It provides historical background on the development of emergency medical services. It also discusses epidemiology of trauma, the organization of trauma systems, concepts of pre-hospital care, the Nigerian experience, and recommendations. A study in Nigeria found that pre-hospital care was inadequate, with few patients receiving care and many experiencing delays in transport. It recommends establishing trauma centers and developing national pre-hospital care guidelines to improve trauma outcomes in Nigeria.
Onkoplastik Meme Cerrahisi Yeni Yöntem (Bursa Flebi)Ceyhun İrgil
This study evaluated a new surgical technique called skin-reducing subcutaneous mastectomy (SRSM) using a dermal barrier flap for immediate breast reconstruction in early-stage breast cancer or high-risk patients. Between 2006-2008, the procedure was performed on 15 patients (26 breasts), with 11 undergoing bilateral reconstruction. Outcomes included excellent cosmetic results in most cases, with partial or total nipple-areola necrosis in a few cases. The dermal barrier flap helped decrease the breast envelope size and provided tissue coverage to prevent implant exposure. This technique showed promise for improving reconstruction outcomes, especially in moderate to large breast sizes.
1. Oncoplastic breast surgery (OPBS) combines oncological surgery with plastic surgery techniques to allow for wide excision of breast cancer tumors while maintaining the natural shape of the breast.
2. OPBS techniques have evolved since the 1980s and can be used for breast-conserving surgery, post-mastectomy reconstruction, or correction of defects after standard breast-conserving surgery.
3. OPBS is generally indicated for early-stage breast cancers less than 4cm and can extend the use of breast-conserving surgery to larger tumors. Selection depends on factors like excision volume, tumor location, and breast density.
- Kettering General Hospital Breast Unit went digital between 2010-2012 and implemented tomosynthesis and contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) to improve cancer detection for women with dense breasts.
- A review of 50 patients who received tomosynthesis found it aided diagnosis in 36 patients (69%), providing extra information in 22 patients and more detailed information in 7 patients.
- A prospective study of 117 CESM exams found it to be as sensitive as MRI in detecting cancer and impacted management for 30% of cancer patients. CESM provided accurate sizing for invasive cancers but was less accurate for lobular cancers and cancers with ductal carcinoma in situ.
This document outlines a training course on medical imaging technology for state registered nurses. It introduces key concepts in the field, including a brief history of medical imaging from X-rays to modern modalities like CT and MRI scans. It defines common terminology, describes different diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and discusses ionizing radiation, its medical uses, and importance of radiation safety. The goal is for nurses to gain basic knowledge of medical imaging to improve patient care, especially in emergency and rural settings.
This document discusses the use of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a valuable adjunct to ultrasound in evaluating fetal abnormalities. It provides advantages of fetal MRI such as detailed anatomical imaging without radiation exposure. The document outlines the MRI protocol for fetal imaging and describes various fetal abnormalities that can be evaluated, including central nervous system anomalies like ventriculomegaly, corpus callosum abnormalities, holoprosencephaly, neural tube defects, and anencephaly. It emphasizes the role of fetal MRI in confirming suspected anomalies seen on ultrasound and detecting additional abnormalities.
Dr. Ibraheem Sabry El Mogy is a radiologist in Egypt who is seeking opportunities to learn advanced radiology techniques from top professionals. His objectives are to gain experience with state-of-the-art technology and procedures to contribute to facilities he works with and later bring this knowledge back to benefit patients in Egypt. He has strong academic and clinical experience in radiology and offers international perspective along with a dedication to patient care and staff mentorship.
Dr. Ibraheem Sabry El Mogy is a radiologist in Egypt who is seeking opportunities to gain experience with advanced radiology techniques used in other countries. He has strong academic and clinical experience in Egypt and wishes to contribute his skills while also learning new procedures and technologies to bring back to help the people in his home country. He is confident that he can make significant contributions and complement international facilities with his skills and international perspective.
Total Radiology Conference at Arab Health 2015Cheryl Prior
This document provides information about the Total Radiology 2015 conference to be held from January 26-29, 2015 in Dubai. The conference will cover various topics in radiology including cardiac, breast, abdominal, nuclear medicine, interventional radiology, neuroradiology, thoracic, and musculoskeletal imaging. Attendees will learn about the latest techniques, technologies, and developments in these fields. The conference is part of the larger Arab Health Congress and aims to advance imaging diagnosis and quality of patient care in the Middle East.
This curriculum vitae outlines the education and experience of Adel Ali Mohammad Mourad Ali Amer. He received his medical degree in 2003 from Ain Shams University in Egypt and has since gained experience in radiology, MRI, CT, ultrasound, and interventional procedures in both Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Currently, he is the head of the radiology department at Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Hospital in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Vacuum assisted breast biopsy systems use image-guided breast biopsy techniques to precisely locate breast lesions and safely obtain tissue samples. MRI is a highly accurate imaging method that can detect breast abnormalities early, making it useful for evaluating high-risk women. The ATEC system is an example of a vacuum assisted biopsy device that quickly collects core biopsy samples under MRI guidance in a closed system.
The document summarizes breast conservation therapy (BCT) experience at IRCH-AIIMS in New Delhi, India. It discusses the evolution and rationale for BCT, techniques used including oncoplastic surgery, indications and contraindications. The IRCH-AIIMS protocol for BCT involves lumpectomy, axillary dissection, whole breast radiotherapy with tumor bed boost. Of 272 BCT cases, 5-year disease-free and overall survival were 76% and 92%. BCT is underutilized but offers cosmetic and psychological advantages over mastectomy for early breast cancer when adequate infrastructure and multidisciplinary care is available.
This document discusses the evolution of breast cancer surgery from radical mastectomy to breast-conserving surgery (BCS). It provides an overview of the key factors to consider when determining eligibility for BCS, including tumor characteristics, family history, genetic factors, and patient age/health status. Multiple studies have shown that BCS followed by radiation therapy provides equivalent survival outcomes to mastectomy for appropriately selected early-stage patients. Surgical challenges include achieving negative margins, maintaining cosmesis, and detecting local recurrence after BCS. Patient selection factors and techniques to help guide BCS are discussed.
This document summarizes a case of screen-detected breast cancer that was managed through a multidisciplinary approach at the Janez Žgajnar Institute of Oncology Ljubljana. A 51-year-old woman underwent mammography screening where microcalcifications were discovered in her right breast. After a consensus conference and biopsy confirming high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, a preoperative conference recommended a mastectomy and sentinel node biopsy with possible reconstruction. A reconstruction meeting proposed an immediate autologous free flap. Final pathology found invasive ductal carcinoma along with the DCIS, and postoperatively it was determined that completion axillary dissection was needed. The case was presented to the breast cancer tumor board.
2012_Breast Cancer and Coronary Artery DiseaseJohn Lucas
This document discusses radiation therapy for breast cancer and its potential effects on the heart and coronary arteries. It provides an overview of the pathophysiology of radiation-induced cardiac toxicity, including microangiopathy of small vessels, macroangiopathy of coronary arteries, and fibrosis. It also summarizes several studies that found increased risks of ischemic heart disease, pericarditis, and valvular disease in patients receiving left-sided breast radiation compared to right-sided radiation. Newer radiation techniques using methods like deep inspiration breath hold and intensity-modulated radiation therapy can help reduce radiation doses to the heart.
This document provides an overview of breast contouring and radiotherapy treatment planning for breast cancer. It discusses contouring the clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV) for the breast or chest wall as well as lymph nodes. It also outlines dose volume histogram constraints for organs at risk. Various radiotherapy techniques are described including 3D conformal radiotherapy, forward planned intensity-modulated radiotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and prone positioning. Overall, the document provides guidance on delineating targets and organs at risk and generating optimized treatment plans for breast cancer patients.
The document discusses the overuse of CT scans, particularly in emergency departments. It notes that CT use has increased 11 times faster than the rate of ED visits over the last 10 years. Now around 25% of all CT scans are performed in the ED. However, less than 7% of patients presenting with dizziness or syncope benefited from head CT scans. The overuse of CT scans is due to factors like fear of lawsuits, perception that patients want the test, and pressure to utilize expensive machines. Guidelines recommend reducing unnecessary CT scans by using decision rules and clinical assessments to determine who truly needs a CT scan. The document advocates judicious use of CT scans by only using them for appropriate clinical indications and considering alternative imaging methods
This document discusses a predictive multiscale model for breast conserving therapy that was developed to:
1) Compute the cosmetic outcome of the breast after surgery in 3D.
2) Provide an interactive virtual model of lumpectomy surgery based on user input.
The model hypothesizes that mechanical strain and stress from gravity influence wound healing, and scar tissue production during healing influences the breast contour. It uses patient MRI data and models tissue mechanics and wound healing at the cellular level to simulate breast shape over time. Validation with patient data helped optimize key parameters impacting cosmetic results.
Introduction to advanced prehospital carebenlesold
This document provides an overview of the roles and responsibilities of an Advanced EMT-Critical Care Technician (AEMT-CC). It discusses key topics including medical direction, education and certification requirements, professional development, and the primary duties of an AEMT-CC such as patient assessment, treatment, and documentation. The document emphasizes the importance of physical and mental well-being for AEMT-CCs, covering issues like nutrition, substance abuse, back safety, and disease prevention.
Computed tomography (CT) of the head is used to assess head injuries, headaches, dizziness, and symptoms of conditions like aneurysms, bleeding, strokes, and brain tumors. It can also help evaluate the face, sinuses, and skull. CT of the head uses X-rays to generate cross-sectional images of the head and brain which provide more detailed information than regular X-rays, particularly for soft tissues and blood vessels. Common protocols for head CT include non-contrast exams for conditions like trauma or stroke, as well as contrast-enhanced exams to evaluate tumors, aneurysms, or other conditions. Precautions are taken to minimize radiation exposure, especially for children.
Pre hospital care of acutely injured patient by mohd taofiq et al.taofiq yinka
This document summarizes a presentation on pre-hospital management of acutely injured patients. It provides historical background on the development of emergency medical services. It also discusses epidemiology of trauma, the organization of trauma systems, concepts of pre-hospital care, the Nigerian experience, and recommendations. A study in Nigeria found that pre-hospital care was inadequate, with few patients receiving care and many experiencing delays in transport. It recommends establishing trauma centers and developing national pre-hospital care guidelines to improve trauma outcomes in Nigeria.
Onkoplastik Meme Cerrahisi Yeni Yöntem (Bursa Flebi)Ceyhun İrgil
This study evaluated a new surgical technique called skin-reducing subcutaneous mastectomy (SRSM) using a dermal barrier flap for immediate breast reconstruction in early-stage breast cancer or high-risk patients. Between 2006-2008, the procedure was performed on 15 patients (26 breasts), with 11 undergoing bilateral reconstruction. Outcomes included excellent cosmetic results in most cases, with partial or total nipple-areola necrosis in a few cases. The dermal barrier flap helped decrease the breast envelope size and provided tissue coverage to prevent implant exposure. This technique showed promise for improving reconstruction outcomes, especially in moderate to large breast sizes.
1. Oncoplastic breast surgery (OPBS) combines oncological surgery with plastic surgery techniques to allow for wide excision of breast cancer tumors while maintaining the natural shape of the breast.
2. OPBS techniques have evolved since the 1980s and can be used for breast-conserving surgery, post-mastectomy reconstruction, or correction of defects after standard breast-conserving surgery.
3. OPBS is generally indicated for early-stage breast cancers less than 4cm and can extend the use of breast-conserving surgery to larger tumors. Selection depends on factors like excision volume, tumor location, and breast density.
- Kettering General Hospital Breast Unit went digital between 2010-2012 and implemented tomosynthesis and contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) to improve cancer detection for women with dense breasts.
- A review of 50 patients who received tomosynthesis found it aided diagnosis in 36 patients (69%), providing extra information in 22 patients and more detailed information in 7 patients.
- A prospective study of 117 CESM exams found it to be as sensitive as MRI in detecting cancer and impacted management for 30% of cancer patients. CESM provided accurate sizing for invasive cancers but was less accurate for lobular cancers and cancers with ductal carcinoma in situ.
This document outlines a training course on medical imaging technology for state registered nurses. It introduces key concepts in the field, including a brief history of medical imaging from X-rays to modern modalities like CT and MRI scans. It defines common terminology, describes different diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and discusses ionizing radiation, its medical uses, and importance of radiation safety. The goal is for nurses to gain basic knowledge of medical imaging to improve patient care, especially in emergency and rural settings.
This document provides an overview of various radiologic equipment used in diagnostic and therapeutic radiology. It describes different types of equipment like x-ray machines, mammography machines, ultrasound machines, CT scanners, MRI scanners, nuclear medicine equipment, and radiotherapy machines. For each type of equipment, it provides brief details about their use, radiation type, applicable procedures, and importance of radiation safety. The document contains pictorial illustrations of various radiologic equipment with explanatory captions.
Chest x ray cxr and pathologies radiology training resource nchanji nkeh kenethNchanji Nkeh Keneth
Comprehensive Chest X ray. basics of Chest Gross Anatomy. Chest X-ray Projections, Radiographs, Pathologies and Critique of the Chest Radiograph. Chest X-Ray findings among Covid-19 patients
Unveiling the Wonders of Radiologic Technology: A Comprehensive Explorationgreendigital
Introduction:
Radiologic technology has become a cornerstone in modern healthcare, revolutionizing diagnostics and treatment. This comprehensive exploration will delve into the intricate world of radiologic technology, unraveling its history, evolution, current state, and prospects. From the discovery of X-rays to cutting-edge imaging techniques. this article aims to shed light on the pivotal role of radiologic technology in medicine.
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I. The Genesis of Radiologic Technology:
A. The Discovery of X-Rays:
The journey of radiologic technology began with the groundbreaking discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. This serendipitous revelation marked the dawn of a new era in medicine. enabling physicians to visualize the internal structures of the human body without invasive procedures.
B. The Early Years of Radiography:
The initial years saw rapid developments in radiography. with pioneers like Marie Curie contributing to the understanding of radiation properties. As radiologic technology gained momentum, its applications diversified. ranging from fracture detection to identifying internal organ abnormalities.
II. Evolution of Radiologic Technology:
A. Fluoroscopy and Contrast Agents:
The advent of fluoroscopy in the early 20th Century allowed real-time imaging of dynamic processes within the body. Coupled with the introduction of contrast agents, radiologists gained enhanced visibility of blood vessels and soft tissues. opening new avenues for diagnosis and intervention.
B. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan:
The 1970s seen the birth of computed tomography. a revolutionary imaging technique that provided cross-sectional body views. The marriage of X-ray technology and computer processing paved the way for three-dimensional reconstructions. offering unparalleled insights into anatomical structures.
C. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI):
In the quest for non-ionizing imaging modalities, MRI emerged as a game-changer. By harnessing the principles of magnetic fields and radio waves. MRI enables detailed visualization of soft tissues. making it indispensable for neurological and musculoskeletal diagnoses.
D. Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET):
The fusion of nuclear medicine with radiologic technology led to the development of PET scans. This modality, relying on detecting positron-emitting radiotracers, became pivotal in oncology and neuroscience. providing functional information alongside anatomical details.
III. Radiologic Technology in the 21st Century:
A. Digital Radiography and PACS:
The transition from traditional film-based radiography to digital systems marked a significant leap in efficiency and accessibility. Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) streamlined image storage and retrieval. fostering collaboration and remote diagnostics.
B. Interventional Radiology:
Radiologic technology expanded beyond diagnostics into therapeutic realms with the evolution of
This document provides an overview of a training module on medical imaging technology for nurses. It outlines the objectives of demonstrating various radiologic equipment and educating on radiation safety. The bulk of the document consists of over 50 pictures with captions labeling different equipment used in diagnostic radiology, therapeutic radiology, ultrasound, CT, MRI, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, and fluoroscopy. It discusses equipment components, use, and safety issues including radiation protection practices. The presentation concludes by announcing the next module will cover conventional radiography.
43.Merlyn Elizabeth Monsy et al. ROLE OF CBCT IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY – A REVIEW. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 04, 2020: 10302-10310
Gestational trophoblastic disease radiology training nchanji nkeh kenethNchanji Nkeh Keneth
Molar Gestation. Overview, Types of Molar Pregnancy. Radiologic evaluation of Molar Pregnancy. Ultrasound scan Findings in Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Radiology Training Resource for Medics and Paramedics
Radiation Oncology Speciality by Dr.Majed AlghamdiMajed Alghamdi
This document discusses radiation oncology and radiation therapy. It begins with an overview of the history and development of radiotherapy. It then describes the roles of various professionals involved in radiation oncology. The document outlines different types of radiation therapy including external beam radiotherapy techniques like IMRT and VMAT as well as brachytherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. It provides examples of how different radiation therapy techniques are used to treat various cancer sites. In summary, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the field of radiation oncology and the various radiation therapy options available to treat cancer.
BMRIT stands for Bachelor of Medical Radiologic & Imaging Technology. Radiology and Imaging Technology involves the methods and processes used to take internal pictures of the human body parts/ organs, and capacities thereof, for clinical purposes, such as investigation of the body’s normal anatomy and physiology.
UCBMSH is one of the best radiology college in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. We offer the top radiology courses in Uttarakhand. We have B.Sc Medical Radiology & Imaging Technology and Diploma in X-Ray Technology.
Νικόλαος Κουρεντζής, Country Head Radiology-Ελλάδα, Κύπρος, Ισραήλ, Ρουμανία, Βουλγαρία, Μάλτα και Μολδαβία, Bayer
«Οι νέες προκλήσεις στην ιατρική απεικόνιση»
This document provides an overview of a training module on medical imaging techniques for paramedics. The module focuses on general radiography principles, including terminology, the radiographic system, and plain radiography of the musculoskeletal system. Learners will recognize abnormal radiographic findings and learn about radiation protection. The course aims to help paramedics understand medical imaging to aid in diagnosis and patient care.
Radiology incorporating AI, computational intelligence, and radiologists’ dom...Pubrica
In the mainstream of radiology, Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is a rapidly accessing technique used in clinical work with along with AI in radiology. Since, two decades CAD system was put in clinical practice in radiology to diagnose prostate, breast, lung and colon cancer. To interpret the image diagnosis, the radiologist uses computer output as a “second opinion” and obtains assistance for accurate detection. When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free, always on Time, outstanding customer support, written to Standard, Unlimited Revisions support and High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
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This document provides an overview of radiation hazards and protection. It begins with definitions of key terms like ionizing radiation and discusses natural and man-made radiation sources. It then examines the biological effects of radiation like deterministic and stochastic effects. Radiation-induced cellular damage and cancer development is explained. Factors affecting radiosensitivity and the relationships between dose and effects are also summarized. Throughout, simple language is used to make radiation concepts accessible to non-experts while still conveying essential scientific information about radiation hazards and safety.
Study on Physicians Request for Computed Tomography Examinations for Patients...IRJESJOURNAL
Background and objectives: There is a lot controversy about the use of Computed tomography (CT) for patients with minor head injury. We aimed to determine the practice of guiding rules for the safety of radiation and increasing awareness of physicians about risks of ionizing radiation and find out the reasons of emergency doctors for sending head injury patients to CT scan exams. Materials and Methods: A descriptive questionnaire in the Emergency Department (ED) based study was performed to assess physicians' knowledge of radiation doses received from radiological treatments and knowledge about Clinic Decision Support rules (CDS). The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions distributed to physicians working in the emergency department in six hospitals in East Java. Finally, the data collected have been analyzed by some tests using SPSS version 15 and Smart PLS. Results: In this study 44 participants had taken part. The percentage of general knowledge and awareness that shows the response of people who work in the emergency departments was total 44 respondents, by percent 6.8% of the respondents had passably knowledge, awareness and 84.1% they were having a good knowledge and awareness and 9.1% the respondents had very good knowledge and awareness. That means almost of respondents have good knowledge and awareness. To find out if an indicator is forming a construct (latent variables) testing the convergent validity of the measurement model with a reflexive indicator assessed based on the correlation between the item score to construct scores were calculated with the help of software Smart PLS. Size reflexive considered valid if the individual has a correlation (loading) to construct (latent variables) to be measured ≥ 0.5 or the value of t-statistics should ≥1.96 (test two tailed) at a significance level of α = 0.05. If one of the indicators has a leading value <0.5,><1.96, then the indicator should be discarded (dropped) because it indicates that the indicators are not good enough to measure the construct in right. The positive influence between general knowledge and awareness against to knowledge about radiation doses can be interpreted that the better general knowledge and awareness, then it will be followed by an increase in their knowledge about radiation doses. And vice versa, the worse general knowledge and awareness, then this will decrease their knowledge about radiation doses too. Conclusion: The present study has illustrated that the level of awareness and knowledge physicians who deal with ionizing radiation in CT scan units are adequate overall. There is a good influence between the diligence in applying the principles of guidance and rules stipulated by the nuclear energy in Indonesia by physicians to adjust the use of CT in the emergency department, the majority of participants who have a good awareness & knowledge, there are some of them do not have enough knowledge.
Radiologists play an important role in diagnosis and treatment by interpreting medical images. They undergo specialized postgraduate training in modalities like X-rays, ultrasound, MRI, CT, and nuclear imaging. As part of their job, radiologists assist other doctors by using these imaging techniques to identify medical issues, guide procedures, and monitor treatment. While radiology provides benefits, it also involves risks from radiation exposure that radiologists must be trained to mitigate.
Ung dung ky thuat MRI danh gia giai doan ung thu vom, Tran Bai (EN)Nguyen Lam
This document discusses the application of magnetic resonance techniques to evaluate pharyngeal cancer. It begins with an introduction to nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the benefits of MRI for diagnosis and staging. The procedure section describes patient preparation, machine setup, imaging planes and protocols. Results show MRI is feasible and provides detailed images of tumor origin, signals, enhancement and T/N classifications in 30 patients. MRI is concluded to be a safe and effective technique for detecting and assessing pharyngeal cancer stage despite some limitations and costs.
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Overview of medical imaging, radiology training resource nchanji nkeh keneth
1. RADIOLOGY TRAINING RESOURCE FOR MEDICAL
IMAGING TECHNOLOGISTS/SONOGRAPHERS,
NURSES, MIDWIVES AND RELATED MEDICS
Module 1: Overview of Medical Imaging
Technology (Radiology)
Course lecturer
Nchanji Nkeh Keneth
Radiologic Technologist/Sonographer
CSMRR: 001012016
+237 671459765
B.TECH/HPD in MDIRT
(St. LOUIS UNIHEBS, Univ Buea)
excellence660@gmail.com
MedicalImagingTrainingResourceForMedicalImagTech,
Nurses,MidwivesandMedics,NchanjiNkehKeneth
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10/23/2020
2. Presentation outline
Brief history of Medical Imaging
Basic Terminologies in Medical Imaging
Medical Imaging Modalities
Understanding Ionising radiations
Medical Uses of Ionising and Non-ionising
Radiations
Ionising Radiation Effects
Radiation Protection and Safety
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Medical Imaging Training Resource For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses,
Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh Keneth
3. Outcome
At the end of this presentation, students
would have:
Learned about the historical evolution of
Medical Imaging, Radiations, Medical
Applications of Radiation, effects of
Ionising radiations and Radiation Safety
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Tech, Nurses, Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh
Keneth
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4. Brief history of Medical
Imaging
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5. Introduction
Historical Evolution of Medical Imaging:
Medical Imaging Science dates as far back as
1895, when Sir Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, a
German Physicist, discovered X-Rays in his
laboratory Cathode Ray Tube experiments. He is
known as the Father of Radiology
Since his delivery till date, tremendous
advancements have been happening in this
innovative field of Radiology.
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10. Medical Imaging
Also known as RADIOLOGY; is the
specialized Field of Medical Science concerned
with the use of Radiations in obtaining images of
the human body for Diagnostic and Therapeutic
Purposes.
Medical Imaging Technology is an innovative
field in medicine;
Radiology is Indispensable for Effective Medical
Practice Today
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11. Advancements in Radiology
From 1895, Radiology has been witnessing
significant advancements: from the Discovery
of X-Rays in the late 1800s, to
Ultrasonography in the 1950s, the introduction
of CT Scan Technology in the 1970s and MRI
technology in the 1980s to say the least, are
trends in Radiology Advancements
Changes in this field have enhanced medical
diagnostic accuracy
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12. Basic Terminologies in
Medical Imaging
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13. Commonly Used terms in Radiology
X-Rays: These are High Energy
Electromagnetic Radiations produced from
radiographic Equipments
Radiations: Energy Moving in the form of Rays
Radiation Biology: The science that studies the
effects of radiation
Radiation protection: Measures taken to
mitigate the effects of Ionising radiations
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14. Def. of Concepts Continued
CT Scan: Computerized Tomography Scan;
which denotes the Process of obtaining
Sectional images of the body with use of X
Rays and Computers for Diagnostic and
Therapeutic Purposes
MRI Scan: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Scan
Ultrasonography: Examination of the
Body with use of Ultrasound Waves
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15. Defs. of radiology Concepts Cont
Radiologic Technologist: A Trained
Medical Imaging Professional, using
Radiologic Equipments for Diagnosis
Sonographer: A specialized Medical
Imaging professional that uses Ultrasound in
Diagnosing Disorders of the body
Radiologist: A Specialized Medical Doctor
in the Field of Radiology that Interprets
radiologic Images
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For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses,
Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh
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16. Defs. Continued
Mammography: Radiographic Imaging of
the Human Breasts
Nuclear Medicine: Specialized modality of
Radiology, using radioactive materials for
Diagnosis and Therapy
Radiotherapy: The Field in radiology
concerned with the Treatment of Diseases
(notably cancer), with use of High Energy
Ionising radiations
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Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh
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17. Radiotherapist: A specialized Medical
Imaging professional that uses Ionising
Radiations to treat Diseases
Oncologist: A specialist in the field of
Oncology (study of cancer)
Radiology Nurse: A Professional Nurse,
that works in the radiology department;
assisting in Nursing Interventions
Medical Imaging Modality: A technical
subfield in Medical Imaging, making use
of a particular equipment and Radiation
for Diagnosis or Therapy
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18. Radiograph: This is a 2 dimensional X-Ray
image of the human body.
Radiographs are usually the first line of
radiologic images taken of the human body.
Radiographs help in the assessment of
bones
Conventional X-Ray machines produce
Radiographs.
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Defs. of radiology Concepts Cont
19. Medical Imaging
Modalities
(This refers to the Various Machines, the Principle of operation
and the resulting images for diagnosis and therapy)
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20. Classification of Radiology
1. Diagnostic Radiology
2. Therapeutic Radiology
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22. Diagnostic Radiologic Modalities continued
9.Thermography
10,Interventional Radiology( Angiography,
radiologic Imaged guided interventions etc)
11.Fluoroscopy
12.Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine
13.Special Radiographic Exams (Barium
Enema/Transit, Galactography, Cholangiography,
IVU, Urethrogram, Hysterosalpingography, etc.)
Others:
ECG, EEG, EMG
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23. Therapeutic Radiology
1. Radiotherapy
2. Therapeutic Nuclear
Medicine
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24. Other Specialized Fields of
Radiology
Related Specialized Areas of Radiology:
1. Oncology
2.Radiation Biology (radiobiology)
3.Radiation Protection
4. Radiology Education
Radiology Research and Development
(IAEA)
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26. Review The definition of Radiation: Energy
transmitted in the form of rays from one point to
another
Radiation is Described as being Ionising, if it
has the power to eject one or more electrons from
the atoms or molecules in the irradiated medium.
This is the case of Alpha and beta radiations, as
well as of electromagnetic radiations such as
gamma radiations, X-rays and some ultra-violet
rays. Visible or infrared light are not, nor are
microwaves or radio
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27. Radiation is also defined as
Radiation is an energy in the form of electro-
magnetic waves or particulate matter, traveling
in the air.”
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For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses,
Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh
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28. Source of Ionising radiation
They are produced from unstable atoms.
Unstable atoms are radioactive and in order to
attain stability, they emit the excess energy in
the form of radiation
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For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses,
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30. Primary Types of Ionizing
Radiation
Alpha particles
Beta particles
Gamma rays (or photons)
X-Rays (or photons)
Neutrons
Medical Imaging Training Resource
For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses,
Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh
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31. Medical Uses of Ionising
and Non-ionising
Radiations
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32. Medical Applications
Radiations
Principally, Radiations are used for the
Following reasons in Medicine
1. For Diagnosis of Body Disorders
2. For Treatment of Diseases
3. Research Purposes
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33. The production and Use of Ionising radiations
in Medicine Needs Justification to Prevent the
Effects of Radiation exposure
Radiation use MUST ALWAYS BE
REGULATED. ALL HOSPITAL STAFF
AND ESPECIALLY THOSE IN THE
RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT BESIDES
PATIENTS MUST OBSERVE BASIC
Radiation Safety Rules
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34. Ionising Radiation Effects
Exposure to Ionising Radiation has both short term
and Long term effects; all determined by the
quantity of Radiation Exposed to, the part of the
body exposed, the Radiologic Procedure done,
Sensitivity of the Patient to radiation, Health Status
of the patient, the type of Radiation used, to say the
least
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35. Some Ionising radiation Effects
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38. 38Medical Imaging Training Resource For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses, Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh Keneth
39. Ionising radiation Effects
Warrant Radiation Safety
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Radiation Protection and
Safety
42. Forms of Radiation Used in Medicine
• Machine produced radiation from X ray
tubes used in medical imaging
• Linear accelerators used in cancer
therapy
• Radioactive materials used in nuclear
medicine imaging and in some cancer
therapy applications.
42Medical Imaging Training Resource For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses, Midwives and Medics , Nchanji Nkeh Keneth
43. Current System of Radiological
Protection
– Three principles
Justification
Optimization
Limitation
– Three categories of exposure
Public
Occupational
Medical
– Three exposure situations
Planned
Existing
Emergency
44. Why Teach Nurses
Fundamentals of Radiology?
Nurses are at the Core of Medical Practice and
Spend Most of the Time with their Patients
Radiology is Indispensable for effective Medical
Practice
Nurses with Radiology Knowledge can better
care for their Patients
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45. Relevance of Medical Imaging in
Nursing Practice
Emergency Care in Medicine Requires
Medical Imaging Diagnosis. Nurse’s
Knowledge of radiology there helps in
proper patient care
Nurses are professionals who can request
basic Radiologic exams in the absence of
the attending Physician: Therefore basic
knowledge of radiology especially on Plain
radiographic procedures like:
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46. Chest x rays (CXR)
Abdominal X-Rays
Skeletal radiographs to say the least
alongside abnormal findings is crucial in
improving on nursing care of the sick.
This is most applicable in rural settings
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For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses,
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47. A Nurse with Good Knowledge of
radiology especially Radiography and
Ultrasonography can safe the lives of many
patients through timely intervention, based
on reports from the afore mentioned
performed exams
Nurses can take up duties as Radiology
Nurses in the Radiology Department;
therefore Radiology Training Serves as
Career Orientation for the Nurse
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48. Radiology Knowledge:
Gives the Trained Nurse an edge in their
practice, job selection and recruitment due
to added value and Competencies in their
training.
Therefore learn as much as you can
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49. ANY QUESTIONS ?
Medical Imaging Training Resource For Medical Imag Tech, Nurses, Midwives and Medics ,
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