The document provides an overview of Linux kernel development including: - Linux kernel versions follow a naming convention and source code can be found at kernel.org - Kernel source code is installed by extracting tar files and applying patches - The kernel directory has a hierarchy and is configured, built, and installed - Kernel modules are installed separately from the kernel - The kernel lacks features of userspace like memory protection and floating point support due to its low-level nature and process management

1. Overview of Linux Kernel Development

2. Unix-Linux System Architecture :

3. Linux v/s UnixLinux kernel is monolithic.Linux supports the dynamic loading of kernel modules.Linux has symmetrical multiprocessor (SMP) support. Traditional Unix did not.The Linux kernel is preemptive. Traditional Unix are not.Linux ignores some common Unix features that are thought to be poorly designed, such as STREAMS, or standards that are brain dead.

4. Linux Kernel VersionsLinux Kernel Naming ConventionWhere to find ?http://www.kernel.org

5. Installing Kernel Source code :How : $ tar xvjf linux-x.y.z.tar.bz2// $ tar xvzflinux-x.y.z.tar.gzWhere : /usr/src/linuxPatches : $ patch -p1 < ../patch-x.y.z

6. Kernel Directory Hierarchy :

7. Building a Kernel :Configuring :Configuring options – prefixed by CONFIG_featureBoolean or Tristate : yes, no, or module$ make configOr $ make menuconfigOr $ make xconfigOr $ make gconfig

8. Installing Kernel :architecture and boot loader dependent.Eg., on an x86 using grub copy arch/i386/boot/bzImage to /boot, edit /boot/grub/grub.confInstalling Modules :% make modules_installIn /lib

9. A Beast of a Different NatureThe kernel does not have access to the C library. The kernel is coded in GNU C. The kernel lacks memory protection like user-space. The kernel cannot easily use floating point. The kernel has a small fixed-size stack.

10. Process ManagementKernel ThreadsProcess SchedulingSystem Calls The relationship between applications, the C library, and the kernel with a call to printf().

11. Interrupts and Interrupt HandlersInterrupts, IRQ,ISR, entry point

12. Memory ManagementMemory allocationPages :Smallest – word MMU manages the system's page tables with page-sized granularityVirtual Filesystem (VFS)

13. Bugs in the Kernelas varied as in user-space applicationsINCORRECT CODE, SYNCRONISATIONDebugging:Seem difficult but quite easy.Unlike large software, have typical issuesTime constraints, race conditions

14. Thank You 