These slides will provide you a basic info about Ovarian cancer. Too much text and info is not added in slides to avoid the distraction of students from what the presenter is saying.
Cancer is the name given to a collection of related diseases. In all types of cancer, some of the body's cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into surrounding tissues. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells.
Cancer is the name given to a collection of related diseases. In all types of cancer, some of the body's cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into surrounding tissues. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells.
CLASSIFICATION
CAUSES
MECHANISUM OF CA SPREAD
TREATMENT
PREVENTION
PALLIATION
CHEMOTHERAPY
RADIATION
SURVEY AND RESEARCH
BY STEPHIN GEORGE THOMAS, MANIPAL HOSPITAL, GOA
In the recent years, knowledge about cancer biomarkers has increased tremendously
providing great opportunities for improving the management of cancer patients by
enhancing the efficiency of detection and efficacy of treatment.
• Recent technological advancement has enabled the examination of many
potential biomarkers and renewed interest in developing new biomarkers.
• Biomarkers of cancer could include a broad range of biochemical entities, such as nucleic
acids, proteins, sugars, lipids, and small metabolites, cytogenetic and cytokinetic
parameters as well as whole tumour cells found in the body
fluid. A COMPREHENSIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE RELEVANCE
OF EACH BIOMARKER WILL BE VERY IMPORTANT NOT
ONLY FOR DIAGNOSING THE DISEASE RELIABLY, BUT ALSO
HELP IN THE CHOICE OF MULTIPLE THERAPEUTIC
ALTERNATIVES CURRENTLY AVAILABLE THAT IS LIKELY TO
BENEFIT THE PATIENTS.• Measure or evaluate the normal biological process, pathogenic processes, or
pharmacological response to a therapeutic interventions.
• Includes ~ diagnostic test and imaging technology
• “ Cancer is clusters disease involving alterations in status and expression of
multiple genes that confer a survival advantage & diminished proliferative
potential to somatic or germinal cells"
Specific to tumor
• Level change in response to tumor size
• No fluctuations in level
• Low level in healthy individual
• Predict recurrence
• Test should be cost effective
DNA methylation
2. Alteration pattern of histone modification
3. Alterations in chromatin condensation
"A surgeon is surrounded by people who are sick, discouraged, afraid, embittered, dying - but also courageous, loving, wise, compassionate and alive" Bernie Siegel
urinary bladder malignancy
incidence
risk factors and pathogenesis
staging of the disease
histopathology
transitional and non transitional cell carcinomas
clinical features
laboratory findings
imaging
molecular markers
treatment options
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
surgery
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they can also have other causes. Over 100 types of cancers affect humans.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
2. INTRODUCTION:
• Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecological
malignancy.
• Major cause of death as it presents late.
• Mean age of presentation is 64 years.
4. AETIOLOGY:
Age
Marital Status
Smoking
Infections
Contraception
Immunosuppression
BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutation
Nulliparity
Endometriosis
5. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
Incessant Ovulation Theory
• Continuous ovulation leads to repeated trauma leading to
formation of cancer
Excess Gonadotropin secretion
• It promotes high levels of estrogen leading to epithelial
proliferation
11. RMI:
• Value of CA-125, menopausal status and USG findings are combined
for scoring.
•
• RMI=UxMxCA-125
• For premenopausal, score is 1 and for post menopausal score is 3.
• For USG, 1 score is given for each of the following findings
Multilocular cyst Metastasis
Solid area Ascites
Bilateral lesion
13. TREATMENT:
• Treatment of choice is total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-
oophorectomy and omentectomy for stage 1 disease.
• Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is indicated in patients who are
young and fertility is to be conserved.
• Chemotherapy is given for stage 2 and beyond after surgery.Platin
derivatives are used as first line.
• Radiotherapy is used in patients with stage 1b to 111b.
• Hormonal therapy and immunotherapy may also be used.