Ortho revision - orthodontic - revision ortho - ortho data show
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This document provides an overview of orthodontic treatments including removable appliances, fixed appliances, and functional appliances. It discusses common problems with removable appliances like slow tooth movement and anchorage loss. It also outlines indications for fixed appliances when precise tooth movements or multiple movements are needed. Components of fixed appliances include bands, bonds, archwires, and auxiliaries. Challenges of adult orthodontic treatment are also summarized such as lack of growth and periodontal disease.
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Introduction to orthodontics
Orthodontics is a dental specialty that deals with diagnosing and treating misaligned teeth and jaws. It focuses on correcting bite issues through applying forces to teeth to move them into proper position. The overall goals of orthodontic treatment are to improve function, maintain structural balance between dental arches and facial tissues, and create aesthetic harmony. Orthodontics can alter the positions of teeth, change underlying bone patterns, and modify surrounding soft tissues.
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This document discusses orthodontic treatment for adults. It notes that there has been an 800% increase in adult orthodontic patients between 1970-1990 due to factors like increased awareness, innovations in appliances, and media exposure. Adult orthodontic treatment presents unique challenges compared to children due to reduced growth potential, periodontal considerations, and need for multidisciplinary care. The document outlines guidelines for comprehensive orthodontic treatment and adjunctive orthodontic treatment in adults.
Introduction to orthodontics
Orthodontics is a dental specialty that deals with diagnosing and correcting improperly positioned teeth and jaws. It has three branches - preventive orthodontics aims to prevent malocclusions, interceptive orthodontics treats developing issues, and corrective orthodontics addresses existing malocclusions after growth is complete. The goals of orthodontic treatment are functional efficiency, structural balance, and esthetic harmony. An orthodontist can realign teeth and jaws through techniques like moving teeth, altering bite, and changing facial profiles.
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- Radicular cysts develop from epithelial cell rests in the periodontal ligament and are usually associated with non-vital teeth. Dentigerous cysts are the most common developmental cyst, forming between the reduced enamel epithelium and crown of an impacted tooth. Odontogenic keratocysts are locally aggressive and have a high recurrence rate after treatment.
Abnormalities of teeth
The document discusses various abnormalities and developmental alterations that can occur in teeth. It covers defects in enamel formation like enamel hypoplasia and fluorosis. It also discusses post-developmental structural loss through processes like attrition, abrasion, and erosion. Other topics include discoloration of teeth from extrinsic and intrinsic factors, localized disturbances in eruption, and developmental defects affecting tooth number, size, shape and structure. Specific conditions discussed in more depth include dentinogenesis imperfecta, amelogenesis imperfecta, and dental fluorosis. Treatment options for some of these conditions are also mentioned.
Anchorage in orthodontic treatment
This document discusses different types of anchorage in orthodontics. Anchorage is defined as the resistance to tooth movement provided by anatomical units. There are different classifications of anchorage based on the manner of force application, location, and number of teeth providing resistance. Intra-oral sources include teeth and bone, while extra-oral includes occipital bone and muscles. Anchorage requirements depend on factors like number of teeth moving, type of movement, treatment duration, and occlusal interlock. Anchorage loss can be prevented by reinforcing the anchorage unit, subdividing tooth movement, using tipping movements, controlling forces, and using temporary skeletal anchorage.
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Introduction to orthodontics
Orthodontics is a dental specialty that deals with diagnosing and treating misaligned teeth and jaws. It focuses on correcting bite issues through applying forces to teeth to move them into proper position. The overall goals of orthodontic treatment are to improve function, maintain structural balance between dental arches and facial tissues, and create aesthetic harmony. Orthodontics can alter the positions of teeth, change underlying bone patterns, and modify surrounding soft tissues.
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This document discusses orthodontic treatment for adults. It notes that there has been an 800% increase in adult orthodontic patients between 1970-1990 due to factors like increased awareness, innovations in appliances, and media exposure. Adult orthodontic treatment presents unique challenges compared to children due to reduced growth potential, periodontal considerations, and need for multidisciplinary care. The document outlines guidelines for comprehensive orthodontic treatment and adjunctive orthodontic treatment in adults.
Introduction to orthodontics
Orthodontics is a dental specialty that deals with diagnosing and correcting improperly positioned teeth and jaws. It has three branches - preventive orthodontics aims to prevent malocclusions, interceptive orthodontics treats developing issues, and corrective orthodontics addresses existing malocclusions after growth is complete. The goals of orthodontic treatment are functional efficiency, structural balance, and esthetic harmony. An orthodontist can realign teeth and jaws through techniques like moving teeth, altering bite, and changing facial profiles.
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a simple outline about space maintainers.. needs,indications,contra indications,types
Cyst
This document describes and compares several types of odontogenic cysts:
- Radicular cysts develop from epithelial cell rests in the periodontal ligament and are usually associated with non-vital teeth. Dentigerous cysts are the most common developmental cyst, forming between the reduced enamel epithelium and crown of an impacted tooth. Odontogenic keratocysts are locally aggressive and have a high recurrence rate after treatment.
Abnormalities of teeth
The document discusses various abnormalities and developmental alterations that can occur in teeth. It covers defects in enamel formation like enamel hypoplasia and fluorosis. It also discusses post-developmental structural loss through processes like attrition, abrasion, and erosion. Other topics include discoloration of teeth from extrinsic and intrinsic factors, localized disturbances in eruption, and developmental defects affecting tooth number, size, shape and structure. Specific conditions discussed in more depth include dentinogenesis imperfecta, amelogenesis imperfecta, and dental fluorosis. Treatment options for some of these conditions are also mentioned.
Anchorage in orthodontic treatment
This document discusses different types of anchorage in orthodontics. Anchorage is defined as the resistance to tooth movement provided by anatomical units. There are different classifications of anchorage based on the manner of force application, location, and number of teeth providing resistance. Intra-oral sources include teeth and bone, while extra-oral includes occipital bone and muscles. Anchorage requirements depend on factors like number of teeth moving, type of movement, treatment duration, and occlusal interlock. Anchorage loss can be prevented by reinforcing the anchorage unit, subdividing tooth movement, using tipping movements, controlling forces, and using temporary skeletal anchorage.
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Dentinogenesis imperfecta
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Fixed appliances are devices attached to teeth that cannot be removed by the patient and are used to precisely move teeth. They are indicated when multiple tooth movements are needed. Components include active items like separators, archwires, and elastics, and passive items like brackets, bands, and molar tubes. Separators create space for banding. Archwires apply force in various planes. Bands are used for teeth requiring heavy forces or multiple attachments. Brackets connect teeth to archwires. Molar tubes house archwires and connect to headgear. Early appliances included E-Arches, pin-and-tube, and ribbon arches. Edgewise appliances provided better control but required complex bends. Contemporary appliances
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The document discusses dental luxation injuries, which involve disruption of the tooth and surrounding tissues from trauma. It describes different types of luxation including intrusive, extrusive, lateral, and concussive luxations. For each type, it outlines the typical clinical findings, recommended treatment approaches, and prognosis. Intrusive luxations have the tooth driven into the socket, while extrusive luxations see the tooth elongated out of the socket. Lateral luxations displace the tooth labially, lingually, mesially or distally. Treatment involves repositioning the tooth and splinting, with endodontics sometimes needed. Prognosis depends on healing of the periodontium and pulpal response.
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This document discusses various methods for assessing the growth pattern of bones, with a focus on the mandible. It states that serial cephalometric radiography combined with radiopaque implants is currently the most accurate method for determining mandibular growth patterns, as it allows superimposition of serial images based on fixed implant markers. However, digital subtraction radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging may provide even more detailed information. The document then reviews several methods that have been used historically and in other studies to examine mandibular growth, including anthropometry, vital staining, histology, radiography, implants and impressions.
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The document discusses prenatal and postnatal growth of the mandible. It describes how the mandible develops from mesenchymal condensations in the pharyngeal arches during prenatal development. It forms through both intramembranous and endochondral ossification. The condyle, coronoid process, and mental region develop through endochondral ossification of cartilage models. Postnatally, the mandible grows downward and forward through appositional bone growth at the condyle, ramus, and alveolar processes to accommodate the permanent dentition. The chin develops through periosteal bone apposition on the lingual surface in males during late growth.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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www.indiandentalacademy.com
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THE PRESENTATION INCLUDES VARIOUS ASPECTS IN PEDODONTIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY THAT PROVIDES both primary and comprehensive, preventive and therapeutic oral health care for infants and children through adolescence, including those with special health care needs.
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Fixed appliances are devices attached to teeth that cannot be removed by the patient and are used to precisely move teeth. They are indicated when multiple tooth movements are needed. Components include active items like separators, archwires, and elastics, and passive items like brackets, bands, and molar tubes. Separators create space for banding. Archwires apply force in various planes. Bands are used for teeth requiring heavy forces or multiple attachments. Brackets connect teeth to archwires. Molar tubes house archwires and connect to headgear. Early appliances included E-Arches, pin-and-tube, and ribbon arches. Edgewise appliances provided better control but required complex bends. Contemporary appliances
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This document discusses the treatment of orthodontic problems in mixed and permanent dentition. It describes different types of orthodontic problems, including non-skeletal and skeletal issues. Treatment approaches are outlined for different age groups, including mixed dentition treatment in preadolescents to address crowding, spacing, and guided eruption. Specific techniques for mixed dentition treatment include space maintenance, space regaining, and space management using appliances like bands and loops or holding arches. The goals, indications, and techniques of space maintenance treatment are explained in detail.
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Microesthetics in orthodontics refers to the small details considered during and after treatment to enhance a patient's smile. This includes tooth proportions, relationships between width and height, and connector areas between teeth. It also involves shaping gingival contours and maintaining proportional gingival heights. The overall goal of focusing on microesthetics is to achieve an attractive, balanced smile with harmonious dental and gingival components through precise finishing in orthodontic treatment.
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This document discusses apexification and apexogenesis procedures for immature teeth with open apices. It defines open apices as teeth with arrested root development resulting in a large apical opening. For teeth with vital pulp but pulp exposure, the goal is apexogenesis to allow continued root development through calcium hydroxide pulpotomy. For teeth with non-vital pulp, apexification is used to induce apical closure with materials like calcium hydroxide or MTA to create an apical plug for filling. Successful outcomes depend on follow up over 1-2 years to monitor continued root development or closure of the apex.
Caries risk assessment ppt
This document discusses caries risk assessment tools and factors. It introduces several tools used to assess caries risk: the Caries Risk Assessment Tool (CAT), Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA), Cariogram, and the Traffic Light Matrix. It describes the various factors each tool considers like biological factors, protective factors, clinical findings, plaque, specific microbes, diet, eating patterns, and saliva. The goal of these tools is to improve oral health by introducing preventive measures before irreversible lesions develop based on a patient's caries risk level and factors.
Classification of dental caries rasha adel copy
This document discusses and compares several different systems for classifying dental caries lesions. It outlines 8 classification systems: Black's Classification System, WHO system, ICDAS, Mount-Hume Classification System, Finn's modification of Black's system for primary teeth, Baume's classification, Sturdevant's classification, and a system based on surfaces to be restored. Each system categorizes caries lesions differently based on factors like location, severity, and tooth surfaces involved.
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This presentation resolves the basic doubts within terminologies and provides visual conceptualization of the same.
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The document provides an overview of dental public health and the role of dental hygienists. It discusses topics such as the historical development of dental hygiene and prevention programs, dental care delivery systems in the US and internationally, program planning and evaluation, oral epidemiology, and careers in dental public health.
Management of luxation injuries
The document discusses dental luxation injuries, which involve disruption of the tooth and surrounding tissues from trauma. It describes different types of luxation including intrusive, extrusive, lateral, and concussive luxations. For each type, it outlines the typical clinical findings, recommended treatment approaches, and prognosis. Intrusive luxations have the tooth driven into the socket, while extrusive luxations see the tooth elongated out of the socket. Lateral luxations displace the tooth labially, lingually, mesially or distally. Treatment involves repositioning the tooth and splinting, with endodontics sometimes needed. Prognosis depends on healing of the periodontium and pulpal response.
Growth pattern of mandible
This document discusses various methods for assessing the growth pattern of bones, with a focus on the mandible. It states that serial cephalometric radiography combined with radiopaque implants is currently the most accurate method for determining mandibular growth patterns, as it allows superimposition of serial images based on fixed implant markers. However, digital subtraction radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging may provide even more detailed information. The document then reviews several methods that have been used historically and in other studies to examine mandibular growth, including anthropometry, vital staining, histology, radiography, implants and impressions.
pediatric _ 1 2 exam & treatment plan.
1. The document outlines the process of examining a pediatric patient and developing a treatment plan, which includes performing a complete oral and extraoral examination, documenting medical and dental history, arriving at a diagnosis, and presenting a prevention-focused plan to the parents.
2. Key aspects of examination involve assessing the soft tissues, hard tissues, occlusion, and development as well as taking pulse, temperature and evaluating nutrition, growth, and behavior.
3. Developing a thorough history includes gathering information on the chief complaint, medical conditions, dental history, family history, feeding, habits, and hygiene from parents for young children.
Growth of mandible
The document discusses prenatal and postnatal growth of the mandible. It describes how the mandible develops from mesenchymal condensations in the pharyngeal arches during prenatal development. It forms through both intramembranous and endochondral ossification. The condyle, coronoid process, and mental region develop through endochondral ossification of cartilage models. Postnatally, the mandible grows downward and forward through appositional bone growth at the condyle, ramus, and alveolar processes to accommodate the permanent dentition. The chin develops through periosteal bone apposition on the lingual surface in males during late growth.
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This document summarizes a literature review on dental erosion. It defines dental erosion as the loss of tooth structure from chemical dissolution by acids not produced by bacteria. The surfaces most commonly affected are the palate and chewing surfaces. Erosion initially appears as dull enamel and progresses to concave lesions lacking ridges. Erosion is often multifactorial, resulting from a combination of attrition, abrasion and erosion. The prevalence of erosion in children ranges from 5-57% according to studies in the UK. Erosion has multiple contributing factors including susceptible teeth, acid exposure time, and intrinsic or extrinsic acid sources.
Removable Partial Denture 1. Introduction
This document defines key terminology related to removable partial dentures and discusses their design and use. Some key points:
- A removable partial denture (RPD) is a removable dental prosthesis that replaces one or more missing teeth.
- Kennedy's classification system categorizes partially edentulous arches based on the location of edentulous spans. The most common classes are Class I (bilateral missing back teeth) and Class II (unilateral missing back teeth).
- Indications for an RPD include free end edentulous areas with no back tooth, long bounded missing tooth spans, weak teeth, and economic considerations. Objectives are preserving remaining tissues and functions like chewing and speech.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.Wire Bending Principles
1. Wire bending involves using pliers to carefully place bends in orthodontic wires without incorporating stresses that could lead to wire fracture.
2. It is important for orthodontists to practice basic wire bending exercises to learn techniques like making squares, triangles, circles, U-loops, and coils.
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Space maintainers
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This document provides an overview of orthodontic appliances, including their classification, advantages, and disadvantages. It discusses removable appliances, fixed appliances, and the ideal requirements of an orthodontic appliance. Removable appliances are convenient but require patient cooperation, while fixed appliances do not rely on patient compliance but are more difficult for oral hygiene. The ideal appliance should cause desired tooth movement safely, apply controlled forces, and be esthetically acceptable.
Mastering orthodontic appliances
This document provides an overview of orthodontic appliances used to align teeth. It discusses fixed appliances like braces that are cemented to teeth as well as removable appliances. Specific fixed appliances mentioned include transpalatal arches, Nance holding arches, and lingual arches. Removable appliances include space maintainers and habit-breaking devices. Components of removable appliances include active components like screws and springs as well as retentive components like Adams clasps. Functional appliances aim to correct deep bites and overjets and include twin blocks and Bionators. Essix retainers are also discussed for their orthodontic applications.
Fixed orthodontic appliances
Simplified review on fixed orthodontic appliances , their indication , contra-indications , advantages , disadvantages and their types
A T E Best Practices Clinical Protoco Compressed
The document summarizes Align Technology's Clinical Best Practices Protocol for treating cases with Invisalign. It describes the new simultaneous staging protocol and new attachment protocol, which are intended to improve treatment outcomes. Key elements include staging all tooth movements within each arch simultaneously to reduce velocities, and using different attachment types and placements by default for common tooth movements like rotations, intrusions, and extractions. It emphasizes reviewing initial treatment plans using the protocol to determine if any additional attachments are needed.
Classification of Partially Edentulous Arches
This document summarizes several classification systems for partially edentulous arches. It begins with an introduction and the need for classification. It then describes classification systems based on major connector material and various topographic classification systems proposed between 1920-1999. These include Cummer's (1920), Kennedy's (1925), Kennedy & Applegate (1960), Bailyn's (1928), Neurohr's (1939), Mauk's (1942), Wild's (1949), Godfrey's (1951), Beckett's (1953), Friedman (1953), Craddock's (1954), Austin & Lidge's (1957), Watt's (1957), Skinner's (1957), Avant's (1960), and others
Extraction of teeth
The document discusses the procedure of tooth extraction, including indications, contraindications, instruments used, extraction techniques, postoperative care, and potential complications. Key points include local indications for extraction such as caries, pulpitis, periodontitis or abscesses. Instrumentation includes elevators and forceps. Techniques involve luxation, rotation, and pulling movements. Postoperative care involves pain management, oral hygiene and managing common issues like swelling, bleeding and dry socket. Complications can occur during or after extraction and may involve tooth fracture, nerve damage, dry socket or infection.
removable-partial-denture-f-f.pptx
This document discusses the construction and design of removable partial dentures (RPDs). It begins by outlining treatment options for edentulous spaces, including fixed bridges, complete dentures, transitional dentures, and implant-supported prosthetics. It then describes the process of constructing an RPD, including taking impressions, designing the framework with saddles, connectors, and retainers, investing and casting the metal framework, setting teeth, and finishing the acrylic. Key aspects like support, retention, and combining RPDs with fixed prosthetics are also summarized.
Space Maintainers in Paedodontics and Orthodontics
Space maintainers are appliances used to maintain space or regain minor amounts of space lost after premature loss of primary teeth. They are classified as fixed or removable, and include band and loop appliances, lingual arches, distal shoes, and removable partial dentures. Key considerations for use of space maintainers include the time elapsed since tooth loss, dental age of the patient, and amount of bone covering unerupted permanent teeth. Space maintainers are intended to guide eruption of permanent teeth into proper positions and prevent undesirable shifting of teeth.
1-CLASSIFICATION OF RPD 1 copy.pptx
This document provides an introduction and overview of prosthodontics. It discusses the objectives of learning prosthodontics and the class. It defines prosthodontics and different types of prostheses. It covers branches of prosthodontics, terminology used in removable partial dentures, classifications of partial edentulism, indications and avoidance criteria for removable partial dentures. It also discusses different types of temporary and transitional dentures and provides details on Kennedy classification system for partially edentulous arches.
Oper.i 08
Dr. lama khaled El Banna
Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine
Al – Azhar University
operative dentistry
Surgical orthodontics-minor surgical procedures
minor surgical procedures are performed as an adjunct to or in conjunction vth orthodontic treatment.
Full removable prosthetics
The document discusses full removable prosthetics and articulators. It provides details on making individual trays, functional impressions, occlusal curves and planes, theories of articulation, and purposes and requirements of articulators. Common articulators discussed include the Mean-Value, Hanau Wide Vue, and their components like the upper and lower members, condylar guidance, incisal guide table, and incisal pin.
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Halitosis , , Malodor , Bad breath
This document discusses halitosis (bad breath) including its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that halitosis is typically caused by volatile sulfur compounds produced by bacteria in the oral cavity. Common causes include poor oral hygiene, dry mouth, dental problems, smoking, certain foods, and underlying health conditions. Diagnosis involves a medical history, examination of the mouth, and devices to measure volatile compounds. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but generally involves improving oral hygiene and hygiene habits as well as treating any dental problems or underlying health issues.
Clinical orthodontic presentation - orthodontic presentation - Case presenta...
Clinical orthodontic presentation - orthodontic presentation - Case presenta...King Saud Medical City
This document summarizes a patient's orthodontic treatment plan. It includes information about the patient's medical history, dental history, oral hygiene habits, impressions, intraoral examination findings, study cast analysis, radiographic images, and cephalometric measurements and analysis. The patient is a 30-year old Saudi male who wants to improve his teeth appearance. He has Class II skeletal pattern with maxillary protrusion and mandibular crowding. The proposed treatment plan involves using cross elastics and expansion appliances in Phase I, followed by fixed appliances in Phase II, to resolve crowding, decrease overbite, maintain midline, and finalize occlusion.تعليمات لخلع الأسنان - تعليمات خلع الأسنان - Extraction instructions - teeth ...
تعليمات لخلع الأسنان - تعليمات خلع الأسنان - Extraction instructions - teeth ...King Saud Medical City
تعليمات خلع الأسنان
deciduous teeth,dental study,dentistry,extraction,impacted teeth,innervation of the teeth,instructions for teeth extraxction,instructions for the patient,maxillofacial surgery,oral surgery,primary teeth,surgery,تعليمات مريض خلع,خلع الأسنان,خلع الأسنان الدائمة,خلع بسيط,خلع جراحي,طبيب الأسنان
dental_anatomy - dental anatomy تشريح الأسنان innervation - morphology musc...
dental_anatomy - dental anatomy تشريح الأسنان innervation - morphology musc...King Saud Medical City
This document provides an overview of the permanent teeth, their eruption timeline, and associated nerves and arteries. It includes:
1) A diagram labeling the different parts of a tooth and surrounding structures like the gum and bone.
2) Tables showing the typical eruption ages for both permanent and deciduous (baby) teeth.
3) Diagrams of the trigeminal nerve branches innervating the teeth and face, as well as the arteries supplying the mouth and salivary glands.تعليمات هامة لمستخدمي بدلة الأسنان , Removable , partial denture instructions
تعليمات هامة لمستخدمي بدلة الأسنان , Removable , partial denture instructions King Saud Medical City
تعليمات هامة لمستخدمي بدلة الأسنان الجزئية
والكاملة
كيف أستخدم بدلة الأسنان ؟
كيف أهتم ببدلةالأسنان ؟
Removable complete denture , partial denture Case presentation pedo - pulpotomy case presentation - pedodontic case pres...
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case presentation - Pediatric Dentistry - Case presentation pedo - pedodontic case presentation - pedo case presentation - Irrigation of endo
This document discusses various irrigants, medicaments, and materials used in endodontic treatment. It provides information on sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, EDTA, MTAD, calcium hydroxide, corticosteroids, and temporary fillings. Key points include that sodium hypochlorite is commonly used for its antimicrobial properties and ability to dissolve organic tissue. EDTA and MTAD are used to remove the smear layer. Calcium hydroxide is placed in canals as an intracanal medicament to reduce bacteria and control pain and inflammation. Temporary fillings are placed after root canal treatment to disinfect canals and control pain and bleeding until a permanent restoration can be placed
Morphology of primary teeth
This document summarizes the key anatomical features of the four permanent molars - the maxillary first molar, mandibular first molar, maxillary second molar, and mandibular second molar. It describes the cusp patterns, pulp horn sizes and locations, root structures, and fossa/pit locations of each tooth. The maxillary first molar has 4-5 cusps, 3-4 pulp horns, and 3 roots. The mandibular first molar has 5 cusps, 5 pulp horns, and 2 divergent roots. The maxillary second molar has 4 cusps, 4 pulp horns, and 2 roots. The mandibular second molar has 4 c
Case presentation " Treatment Plan "
This document contains the dental records of a 37-year-old Egyptian male patient who presented with sensitivity in his lower posterior teeth and blocks from dirt covering most of his teeth. His medical and dental histories were non-contributory. Clinical examination revealed generalized moderate chronic periodontitis, generalized calculus accumulation, and caries in teeth 36, 37, 46, 47, and 31. Radiographs confirmed these findings and showed additional missing teeth. The proposed treatment plan includes supragingival scaling and polishing, oral hygiene instructions, composite restorations for teeth 36, 46, and 31 and amalgam restorations for teeth 37 and 47, with a follow up appointment scheduled in 4 weeks and potential referral to periodontology
Select of cement
The document discusses the selection and use of luting cements in dental restorations. An ideal luting cement would have properties like easy manipulation, adhesion to tooth structure and restorations, biocompatibility, and adequate strength. The main types of luting cements discussed are zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate, glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, and resin cements. Factors like the type of restoration, tooth condition, and the cement's physical properties must be considered when selecting the appropriate luting cement. Proper manipulation and application of the cement is also important for clinical success.
Classification of periapical lesions2
The document discusses and classifies different types of periapical lesions:
1. Symptomatic and asymptomatic apical periodontitis involve inflammation and destruction of periapical tissues due to pulp necrosis.
2. Acute apical abscesses are localized collections of pus in the alveolar bone at the root apex following pulp death and infection through the apical foramen.
3. Chronic apical abscesses are long-standing lesions characterized by drainage of pus into mucosal or skin tissues through sinus tracts.
4. Condensing osteitis is a variant of symptomatic apical periodontitis where the irritant causes inflammation of the periapical tissue rather than the
Digital xray
Digital radiography uses digital X-ray sensors instead of film to capture images. There are two main approaches - direct sensors that directly convert X-rays to a digital signal, and indirect phosphor plates that store X-ray data and are later scanned to a digital image. Digital radiography offers advantages like immediate preview, no film processing, and ability to manipulate images. While initial costs are high, benefits include dose reduction, storage and transmission of images, and improved diagnosis through tools like contrast adjustment. Resolution is typically lower than film currently but sufficient for clinical use.
Halitosis
Halitosis, or bad breath, can be caused by various factors including poor oral hygiene, dry mouth, dental problems, and certain medical conditions or medications. The main cause is volatile sulfur compounds produced by bacteria in the mouth. Diagnosing the underlying cause requires taking a medical history and examining the mouth, tongue, and throat. Treatment depends on the cause but may include improving oral hygiene, treating gum disease, addressing dry mouth, and in some cases using mouthwashes or medications to reduce odors. Some people suffer from halitophobia, an exaggerated concern about having bad breath despite not actually having it.
The helper!. (1)
The document provides oral hygiene instructions and information on periodontal disease signs and treatment in 3 paragraphs or less:
1) It outlines proper brushing and flossing techniques, including brushing at a 45 degree angle and using mouthwash for 30 seconds.
2) It describes signs of gingivitis and periodontal disease like bleeding gums and recession and ways to prevent diseases like reducing sugars.
3) It stresses brushing and flossing daily for 3-5 minutes, changing brushes every 3 months, and using mouthwash twice daily for oral hygiene.
Dental interproximal caries
Dental caries is an irreversible microbial disease that causes demineralization and destruction of tooth structure, often leading to cavitation. It is classified based on anatomical site as occusal, smooth surface, or root caries. Inter proximal caries specifically refers to caries between teeth, which can be detected via bite-wing x-rays for low or moderate risk patients. Proper dental care and hygiene is important to prevent recurrent caries.
,, Dental tools for operative ..
This document lists and describes various dental tools used for operative dentistry. It includes tools such as spoons, excavators, mirrors, explorers, probes, tweezers, carriers, condensers, carvers, burnishers, matrices, syringes, rubber dam materials and accessories. For each tool, it provides a brief description of its use, such as exploring caries with an explorer, compressing amalgam with a condenser, or punching holes in rubber dams with a puncher. The document also lists various grasps used for hand instruments and scissors for cutting items.
Pathology slides
This document discusses pathology slides that were prepared by Osama almasry under the supervision of Dr. Alaa' molhem. It mentions the magnification used on the microscope lens and wishes the recipient good luck.
Endo instruments
This document discusses root canal instruments and their uses:
1. Root canal instruments are used to create a biologic environment for healing and develop the canal shape.
2. There are hand instruments like mirrors, explorers, excavators, and spreaders. As well as engine-driven and low-speed instruments for pulp space preparation like files, broaches, and reamers made of different materials.
3. Different types of files include traditional carbon steel and stainless steel, as well as nickel titanium (Niti) files which are more flexible and shape to canals.
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Ortho revision - orthodontic - revision ortho - ortho data show
- 1. Ortho Revision .. For Data show -You should see .. -Cast analysis in manual -Summary of Cepahl .. In manual من هذهالمانول..المنهج لكل الصور وباقي بهالملف..
- 3. Convex face Class II
- 4. Concave face Class III
- 5. Treatment of AOB Anterior Open Bite
- 8. Cross Bite
- 20. Canine
- 30. Removable Appliance •Four components need to be considered for •every removable appliance: •A. Active component(s) •B. Retaining the appliance •C. Anchorage •D. Baseplate
- 37. Problems with Removable appliance •Common problems during treatment: •1) Slow rate of tooth movement •2) Frequent breakage of the appliance •3) Appliance quickly becomes loose fitting •4) Excessive tilting of tooth being moved •5) Anchorage loss •6) Palatal inflammation •7) Lack of overbite reduction
- 38. Fixed Appliances
- 39. Indications for the use of fixed Appliances: •• When precise tooth movements are required. •• Correction of mild to moderate skeletal discrepancies. •• Intrusion/extrusion of teeth. •• Correction of rotations. •• Overbite reduction by intrusion of incisors. •• When multiple tooth movements required in one arch. •• Active closure of extraction spaces, or spaces due to hypodontia
- 40. Components fixed appliances: •1) Bands •2) Bonds •3) Orthodontic adhesives •4) Auxiliaries •5) Archwires
- 46. •Material: Nickel titanium “Niti” & Stainless steel “SS” Form: Straight or Arch form (Round, Tapered, Square, Ovoid) Dimension: Round (0.012, 0.014, 0.016 inches)
- 47. •In the initial stages of treatment, •Flexible wire is desirable “Niti wires” •- In the later stages of treatment, •Rigid arch wires are required “SS wires”
- 56. Specific problems in adult orthodontic treatment: •1. Lack of growth. •2. Periodontal disease. •3. Missing or heavily restored teeth •4.Physiological factors affecting tooth movement: •5. Adult motivation + attitude towards treatment: