Analyzing Orangi Town situated in Karachi, Pakistan. What are the conditions, who are the various stakeholders and what are their needs. This was a project for my masters program at OCAD University (Strategic Foresight and Innovation). Pictures are taken from various sources including facebook pages and google images.

1. “... and it is a great example of a settlement
set up by the people themself.”
Parveen Rehman, Jt Director, Orangi Pilot Project
ORANGI TOWN
Karachi, Pakistan
ORANGI TOWN
Karachi, Pakistan
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

2. ORANGI TOWN
Karachi, Pakistan
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

3. 2nd
most populous
town of the city
ORANGI TOWN is the
largest slum in Asia located
in the periphery of city of
Karachi, the main city of
Pakistan.
Household size is 8
people and lives in a
two-room dwelling
with de-facto security
of tenure. NGOs and
govt. putting up a
good picture, ground
facts differ
13 union councils on the
western fringes of Kara-
chi is home to 7,23694
people, with 3,30386
registered voters Several ethnic groups in Orangi Town
including Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis,
Kashmiris, Seraikis,Pakhtuns, Balochis,
Memons, Bohras, Ismailis, Rohingya, etc.
AN OVERVIEW
of the town
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

4. STAKEHOLDER OVERVIEW
various stakeholder
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

5. ILLITERATE, UNEMPLOYED FEMALE
RESIDENTS
• Criminal groups are competing with
residents to take control of areas that are
officially unclaimed
• With technical guidance from the OPP,
Mr. Ahmad says hundreds of homes in
several villages now have indoor plumbing,
at a fraction of the cost it would have taken
the provincial government to complete.
• Ethnic issues- one group against the
other
• Local inhabitants became frustrated at
the lack of development in the area by the
municipal administration and launched the
Orangi Pilot Project under the guidance of
Akhtar Hameed Khan
• The local community financed, designed
and built their own low-cost sewerage
system
• Lots of tobacco usage by women in the
town. The overall prevalence rate of tobac-
co use among women was found to be at
65 per cent.
• Supply of clean tap water in many dwell-
ings still remains a problem.
• One general hospital, which also lacks
adequate staff and medicines.
• Choked gutters and sewerage lines. Dirty
water often remains stagnant in front of
main entrances of various houses,
• 77% of women have been victims of rape
attacks in the past 3 years
SMALL BUSINESSES
• Includes: Fishermen, vegetable and
fruit sellers, meat sellers, cooked food
sellers, booming cottage industry, small
IT and repair businesses etc
• Traditionally women in the locality have
played a crucial role in increasing their
family’s income through small business
enterprises.
• There is no special help from the gov-
ernment to these businesses.
• Businesses looking for a Grameen
Bank model.
NGOS & SOCIAL SECTOR
• Includes: Orangi Pilot Project
(OPP), supporting NGOs, Asian
Development Bank, foreign aid,
KAIRP, social workers
• Workers have become the target
of the criminal gangs and syndi-
cates that plague Karachi
• OPP began mapping Orangi in
the 1980s –before that no maps
showing the layout of the streets.
• OPP’s strategy – providing techni-
cal help and promoting the financ-
ing of projects by residents them-
selves
• Social workers killed and under
threat
• Opp Together with 20 partner
NGOs and a number of govern-
ment organizations, the expansion
of work continues.
• Presenting a good picture of the
place so that donors can be
pleased and they can qualify for
more funds.
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

6. WORKERS
• High percentage of unemployment
and even those who have low-paid jobs
have to travel long distances to eke out
a living
• People working in schools are not
organized and take facilities for granted
GOVERNMENT/ MUNICIPAL/ KMC
• The Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC)
refused to allow the sewer system to be connected to
the existing city sewers because of Orangi's unautho-
rised status.
• The City District Government under Naimatullah
Khan has initiated the Shahrah-e-Orangi project to
rehabilitate the dilapidated road that connects the
town with other parts of the city
• The K-III water supply project will supply potable
water to Orangi residents.
• Town emerged in the 1970s when the government
initiated a resettlement programme for Pakistanis
who had migrated to this part of the country after the
emergence of Bangladesh
• Development work in this town suffered owing to
lack of interest as well as polarization between town
nazim and provincial government and there were
accusations of an obstructive approach
• Sindh Governor Mohammedmian Soomro laid the
foundation stone of a single-section high school at
Baloch Goth, Orangi Town
• Government says a lot before elections but does
nothing of that scale
• Encroachment issues
• One of the main concerns for them is what to legal-
ize and what not to? How to discourage land mafia
LAND MAFIA
• This may include people from various
political parties especially MQM, influen-
tial people in the city, bureaucrats, gov-
ernment officials and many other
• Once the land is under their control, the
criminal groups – known as “land mafia” –
push to have it legalized so they can
divide it and sell it for profit. The OPP has
documented these sales, showing that
most of the hundreds of thousands of
newly-legalized plots sold in Karachi bene-
fit the land mafia.
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

7. 2nd Most populous
town without a
legal status
No government
support for small
and medium enter-
prises
No Protection
for women from
assault and rape
Ethnic and religious
groups have issues
coexisting. Riots
and murders
Locals can’t
claim resourc-
es and rights
due to illegal
status of town
Cottage industry
is a booming sector
and women are a
major participant,
however, women still
dont have have equal
status or rights
Declared resettle-
ment place by the
government for people
moving from Bangladesh
but never fully legalized
the settlement
NGOs and govern-
ment presents a good
picture of the town, giving
out pictures of their proj-
ects and new develop-
ments but not the true
picture
Land mafia is run by the
influential people of the city
and country. They have
connections in government.
No one can stop them or
put a hand on them. STAKEHOLDER OVERVIEW
some basic concerns
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

8. STAKEHOLDER MATRIX
various stakeholders
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

9. Illiterate, Unemployed
Female residents
NGOs & social sector
Government/Municipal/
Karachi Metropolitan
Corporation
Land MafiaWorkers Small Businesses
SubsistenceEmotionalSafetyAspirational
Shelter, basic
pay, food, strong
and healthy
body fit for
physical work
Bonding with
coworkers,
entertainment,
family support
Childcare,
monthly income,
job security,
protection for
household,
transportation
Higher paid
jobs, success in
career, bonuses,
increased mini-
mum wage,
getting educa-
tion, efficient
public transport
system
Healthy food,
shelter, clean
water, earning
partner
Friendships,
entertainment,
family bonding,
love, affection
Some perma-
nent monetary
resource,
secured and safe
residence, safety
of family, finan-
cial security,
marriage, pro-
tection against
rape and assault
Husband/ father
gets a better
job, better
homes, success-
ful and educated
children
Electricity, water,
loans, govern-
ment support,
mentorship,
basic capital
Networking,
family support,
family involved
in business,
entertainment
for relieving
stress
Protected Office
space, insur-
ance, govern-
ment fiscal
policy, invest-
ment protection
Be a slum dog
millionaire,
business growth
and success,
profitable busi-
ness partner-
ships, increased
profits, becomes
a family business
Office and oper-
ations space,
human resource,
laws passed by
provincial and
federal govern-
ment, fund
allocation from
government
Public affection
and loyalty,
sympathies and
support by crit-
ics, respect and
appreciation
Public support,
support from
federal and
provincial gov-
ernment, funds,
taxes, resource
reserves
Get public vote
for next elec-
tions, get sup-
port of critics
Effective and
motivated
human resource,
grants and fund-
ing, office space,
Respect, appre-
ciation, satisfac-
tion from social
good, public
affection,
achievement
Government
support, em-
ployee and
worker protec-
tions, protection
from threats and
attacks from
extremists
International
recognition,
donor reliability,
bigger project
funding
Owned &
acquired land,
sufficient finan-
cial resources,
human & other
resources, weap-
ons
Fame, best
positioning in
society, connec-
tions , respect in
their society
Government
legalization,
support system
to seize land,
self- protection,
guards and
safety system
Best contacts in
government and
elite, become
the most power-
ful and influen-
tial people, be in
the league of
richest elite
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

10. Illiterate, Unemployed
Female residents
NGOs & social sector
Government/Municipal/
Karachi Metropolitan
Corporation
Land MafiaWorkers Small Businesses
SubsistenceEmotionalSafetyAspirational
Shelter, basic
pay, food, strong
and healthy
body fit for
physical work,
family support
Bonding with
coworkers,
entertainment,
family care
Childcare,
monthly income,
job security,
protection for
household,
transportation
Higher paid
jobs, success in
career, bonuses,
increased mini-
mum wage,
getting educa-
tion, efficient
public transport
system
Healthy food,
shelter, clean
water, earning
partner
Friendships,
entertainment,
family bonding,
love, affection
Some perma-
nent monetary
resource,
secured and safe
residence, safety
of family, finan-
cial security,
marriage, pro-
tection against
rape and assault
Husband/ father
gets a better
job, better
homes, success-
ful and educated
children
Electricity, water,
loans, govern-
ment support,
mentorship,
basic capital
Networking,
family support,
family involved
in business,
entertainment
for relieving
stress
Protected Office
space, insur-
ance, govern-
ment fiscal
policy, invest-
ment protection
Be a slum dog
millionaire,
business growth
and success,
profitable busi-
ness partner-
ships, increased
profits, becomes
a family business
Office and oper-
ations space,
human resource,
laws passed by
provincial and
federal govern-
ment, fund
allocation from
government
Public affection
and loyalty,
sympathies and
support by crit-
ics, respect and
appreciation
Public support,
support from
federal and
provincial gov-
ernment, funds,
taxes, resource
reserves
Get public vote
for next elec-
tions, get sup-
port of critics
Effective and
motivated
human resource,
grants and fund-
ing, office space,
Respect, appre-
ciation, satisfac-
tion from social
good, public
affection,
achievement
Government
support, em-
ployee and
worker protec-
tions, protection
from threats and
attacks from
extremists
International
recognition,
donor reliability,
bigger project
funding
Owned &
acquired land,
sufficient finan-
cial resources,
human & other
resources, weap-
ons
Fame, best
positioning in
society, connec-
tions , respect in
their society
Government
legalization,
support system
to seize land,
self- protection,
guards and
safety system
Best contacts in
government and
elite, become
the most power-
ful and influen-
tial people, be in
the league of
richest elite
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

11. picture and ending line
The questions remain, despite being the second largest town in one of the biggest cities of Pakistan; will Orangi
Town get a legal status? Does the slum have the potential of becoming a thriving middle class settlement? Will
the booming cottage industry pave its way into the national and international market? The town that was made
by the people for the people become an example of a place where the local community takes up responsibility of
changing things for their own good?
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking

12. Bilbliography
VIDEOS
Islamabad Slums Pakistan Addiel Sabir 2010.flv
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWPY-bbkKNk
The Slum - Episode 1: Deliverance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uwo5rjiIEsQ
Pakistan's Caste System The untouchable's struggle
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUcZisEqkb0
Largest Overcrowded Slums In the World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sj50_u14Xk
Orangi Town, Karachi, Pakistan
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVOsF8DdYtk
NewsX Video: Orangi town - Asia's biggest slum
PUBLICATIONS
ORANGI TOWN, KARACHI
http://blogs.newschool.edu/epsm/2012/05/24/oran-
gi-town-karachi/
In Asia’s Largest Slum, Development, Danger
http://blogs.wsj.com/indiareal-
time/2013/06/13/in-asias-larg-
est-slum-development-danger/
ORANGI PILOT PROJECT
RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE (OPP-RTI)
http://www.oppinstitutions.org/
NEWS
Blasts, suicide bombs and firing
http://www.dawn.com/news/1184202
Tabacco consumption in women of Orangi Town
http://www.dawn.com/news/1189572
KARACHI: Orangi: a picture of neglect
http://www.dawn.com/news/151343/karachi-orangi-a-pic-
ture-of-neglect
KARACHI: Sewage posing danger to residents of Orangi
http://www.dawn.com/news/11079/karachi-sewage-pos-
ing-danger-to-residents-of-orangi
KARACHI: Schools in Orangi reflect apathy of government
http://www.dawn.com/news/57083/kara-
chi-new-high-school-in-orangi-town
What is land mafia?
http://www.dawn.com/news/738740/what-is-land-mafia-2
© Komal Faiz . M.Des Strategic Foresight and Innovation. Assignment Business &Design Thinking