Oracle Database is a relational database management system produced by Oracle Corporation. It stores data logically in tables, tablespaces, and schemas, and physically in datafiles. The database, SGA (containing the buffer cache, redo log buffer, and shared pool), and background processes like SMON, PMON, and DBWR work together for high performance and reliability. Backup methods and administrative tasks help maintain the database.
Introduction to oracle database (basic concepts)Bilal Arshad
Introduction To Oracle Database
Oracle is an Relational Database
Database Management System
What is Oracle Schema ??
Schema !!
More about Schema !!!
Table
Indexes
Oracle Table Spaces
Datafiles
The Oracle Schema or User
Data Access
PL/SQL and Java
Introduction to oracle database (basic concepts)Bilal Arshad
Introduction To Oracle Database
Oracle is an Relational Database
Database Management System
What is Oracle Schema ??
Schema !!
More about Schema !!!
Table
Indexes
Oracle Table Spaces
Datafiles
The Oracle Schema or User
Data Access
PL/SQL and Java
An Introduction to Architecture of Object Oriented Database Management System and how it differs from RDBMS means Relational Database Management System
This ppt helps people who would like to present their industrial training presentation on Oracle 11g DBA.
This one includes all the operations that dba has to be perform and some other internal concepts of Oracle.
a striped down Version of a presentation about oracle architecture. Goal was a basic understanding and foundation about some components of Oracle, so subsequent discussions should be easier
Know different types of tips about Importance of dataware housing, Data Cleansing and Extracting etc . For more details visit: http://www.skylinecollege.com/business-analytics-course
=-=-=-==-=-Overview of the Talk-=-=-=-=-=
Introduction to the Subject
Database
Rational Database
Object Rational Database
Database Management System
History
Programming
SQL,
Connecting Java, Matlab to a Database
Advance DBMS
Data Grid
BigTable
Demo
Products
MySQL, SQLite, Oracle,
DB2, Microsoft Access,
Microsoft SQL Server
Products Comparison.
An Introduction to Architecture of Object Oriented Database Management System and how it differs from RDBMS means Relational Database Management System
This ppt helps people who would like to present their industrial training presentation on Oracle 11g DBA.
This one includes all the operations that dba has to be perform and some other internal concepts of Oracle.
a striped down Version of a presentation about oracle architecture. Goal was a basic understanding and foundation about some components of Oracle, so subsequent discussions should be easier
Know different types of tips about Importance of dataware housing, Data Cleansing and Extracting etc . For more details visit: http://www.skylinecollege.com/business-analytics-course
=-=-=-==-=-Overview of the Talk-=-=-=-=-=
Introduction to the Subject
Database
Rational Database
Object Rational Database
Database Management System
History
Programming
SQL,
Connecting Java, Matlab to a Database
Advance DBMS
Data Grid
BigTable
Demo
Products
MySQL, SQLite, Oracle,
DB2, Microsoft Access,
Microsoft SQL Server
Products Comparison.
It’s been an exciting year for Amazon Aurora, the MySQL-compatible relational database engine that combines the speed and availability of high-end commercial databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open source databases. In this deep dive session, we’ll discuss best practices and explore new features, include high availability options and new integrations with AWS services. We’ll also discuss the recently-announced Aurora with PostgreSQL compatibility.
We interviewed thirty of today's top thinkers in artificial intelligence to get a glimpse of what's coming next - the direction technology and applications will take over the next ten years.
Amazon RDS allows you to launch an optimally configured, secure and highly available database with just a few clicks. It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity while managing time-consuming database administration tasks, freeing you up to focus on your applications and business. We’ll discuss Amazon RDS fundamentals, learn about the six available database engines (with the seventh on the way), and examine customer success stories.
Moving your business to the cloud helps you focus on your customers and bring new offerings to market in hours instead of months. Yet the journey to the cloud is often bumpy, with half of all migration projects failing.(*1)
Learn the top 5 pitfalls to avoid.
(*1. Worldwide Cloud Infrastructure Services Market Share, Q3 2015)
Today, many businesses around the world are using an Oracle product and in many of these at the core there is an Oracle Database. Many of us who started as a Database administrator where put in this position because we were good PL/SQL programmers or good Sysadmins, but knew very little of what it took to be a DBA. In this session you will learn the core architecture of an Oracle Database in 12c as well as what it takes to administer and apply this new knowledge the day you go back to your office.
Today, many businesses around the world are using an Oracle product and in many of these at the core there is an Oracle Database. Many of us who started as a Database administrator where put in this position because we were good PL/SQL programmers or good Sysadmins, but knew very little of what it took to be a DBA. In this session you will learn the core architecture of an Oracle Database in 12c as well as what it takes to administer and apply this new knowledge the day you go back to your office.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
5. What is oracle Database?
• Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is an object-
relational database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.
• Larry Ellison and two friends and former co-workers, Bob Miner and Ed Oates, started a
consultancy called Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977.
• SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes from
the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while previously employed
by Ampex.
6. Physical Structures
• Datafiles (*.dbf)
• The datafiles contain all the database data. The data of logical database structures, such as tables and
indexes, is physically stored in the datafiles allocated for a database.
• Control Files (*.ctl)
• Every Oracle database has a control file. A control file contains entries that specify the physical structure
of the database such as Database name and the Names and locations of datafiles and redo log files.
• Redo Log Files (*.log)
• The primary function of the redo log is to record all changes made to data. If a failure prevents modified
data from being permanently written to the datafiles, then the changes can be obtained from the redo
log, so work is never lost.
• Archive Log Files (*.log)
• Oracle automatically archives log files when the database is in ARCHIVELOG mode. This prevents oracle
from overwriting the redo log files before they have been safely archived to another location.
• Parameter Files (initSID.ora)
• Parameter files contain a list of configuration parameters for that instance and database.
• Alert and Trace Log Files (*.trc)
• Each server and background process can write to an associated trace file. When an internal error is
detected by a process, it dumps information about the error to its trace file. The alert log of a database
is a chronological log of messages and errors.
7. Logical Structures
• Tablespaces
• A database is divided into logical storage units called tablespaces, which group related logical structures
together. One or more datafiles are explicitly created for each tablespace to physically store the data of
all logical structures in a tablespace.
• Oracle Data Blocks
• At the finest level of granularity, Oracle database data is stored in data blocks. One data block
corresponds to a specific number of bytes of physical database space on disk. The standard block size is
specified by the DB_BLOCK_SIZE initialization parameter.
• Extents
• The next level of logical database space is an extent. An extent is a specific number of contiguous data
blocks, obtained in a single allocation, used to store a specific type of information.
8. Logical Structures
• Segments
• Above extents, the level of logical database storage is a segment. A segment is a set of extents allocated
for a certain logical structure. The different types of
• segments are :
• Data segment – stores table data
• Index segment – stores index data
• Temporary segment – temporary space used during SQL execution
• Rollback Segment
• Schema Overview
• A schema is a collection of database objects. A schema is owned by a database user and has the same
name as that user. Schema objects are the logical structures that directly refer to the database's data.
Schema objects include structures like tables, views, and indexes.
9. Oracle Instance
• An Oracle database server consists of an Oracle database and an Oracle instance.
• Every time a database is started, a system global area (SGA) is allocated and Oracle background processes
are started.
• The combination of the background processes and memory buffers is called an Oracle instance.
System Global Area (SGA)
• The System Global Area (SGA) is a shared memory region that contains data and control information for one
Oracle instance. Users currently connected to an Oracle database share the data in the SGA. The SGA
contains the following memory structures :
• Database Buffer Cache
• Database buffers store the most recently used blocks of data. The set of database buffers in an instance
is the database buffer cache. The buffer cache contains modified as well as unmodified blocks. Because
the most recently (and often, the most frequently) used data is kept in memory, less disk I/O is
necessary, and performance is improved.
• Redo Log Buffer of the SGA
• The redo log buffer stores redo entries—a log of changes made to the database. The redo entries stored
in the redo log buffers are written to an online redo log, which is used if database recovery is necessary.
The size of the redo log is static.
10. System Global Area (SGA)
• Shared Pool of the SGA
• The shared pool contains shared memory constructs, such as shared SQL areas.
• A shared SQL area is required to process every unique SQL statement submitted to a database. A shared
SQL area contains information such as the parse tree and execution plan for the corresponding
statement.
11. Program Global Area (PGA)
• PGA is a memory buffer that contains data and control information for a server process. A server process is a
process that services a client’s requests.
• A PGA is created by oracle when a server process is started. The information in a PGA depends on the oracle
configuration. The PGA area is a non-shared area of memory created by oracle when a server process is
started.
• The basic difference between SGA and PGA is that PGA cannot be shared between multiple processes in the
sense that it is used only for requirements of a particular process whereas the SGA is used for the whole
instance and it is shared.
12. Oracle Background Processes
• An Oracle database uses memory structures and processes to manage and access the database. All memory
structures exist in the main memory of the computers that constitute the database system. Processes are
jobs that work in the memory of these computers.
• Oracle creates a set of background processes for each instance. The background processes consolidate
functions that would otherwise be handled by multiple Oracle programs running for each user process. They
asynchronously perform I/O and monitor other Oracle processes to provide increased parallelism for better
performance and reliability.
• The most common background processes are :
• System Monitor – SMON
• This database background process performs instance recovery at the start of the database. SMON
also cleans up temporary segments that are no longer in use and recovers dead transactions
skipped during crash and instance recovery because of file-read or offline errors. It coalesces i.e.
combines contiguous free extents into larger free extents.
• Process Monitor - PMON
• This database background process cleans up failed user processes. PMON is responsible for
releasing the lock i.e. cleaning up the cache and freeing resources that the process was using. Its
effect can be seen when a process holding a lock is killed.
13. Oracle Background Processes
• Database Writer - DBWR
• This background process is responsible for managing the contents of the data block buffer cache and
dictionary cache. DBWR performs batch writes of changed block. Since Oracle uses write-ahead logging,
DBWR does not need to write blocks when a transaction commits. In the most common case, DBWR
writes only when more data needs to be read into the system global area and too few database buffers
are free. The least recently used data is written to the datafiles first.
• Although there is only one SMON and one PMON process running per database instance, one can have
multiple DBWR processes running at the same time. Note the number of DBWR processes running is set
via the DB_WRITER_PROCESSES.