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Optimizing sepsis management in ED Dr. Ahmed Alhubaishi Emergency R3
outlines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
case ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is going on with the patient? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Additional work-up ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Additional work-up ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
sepsis
The Sepsis spectrum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SIRS = systemic inflammatory  response syndrome SIRS with a presumed or confirmed  infectious process Chest 1992;101:1644. Sepsis with  organ failure Refractory hypotension Sepsis SIRS Severe  Sepsis Septic Shock
 
 
 
 
Sepsis complications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Management  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Early goal directed therapy
History of GDT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
EGDT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Study Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Key Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
In-hospital mortality  (all patients) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Standard therapy EGDT 28-day  mortality  60-day  mortality  NNT to prevent 1 event (death) = 6 - 8 Mortality (%)
The benefit mechanism of EGDT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Litreture review  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Assess perfusion ,[object Object],[object Object]
catheter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Restore perfusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
fluids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lactate clearance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
vassopressor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Inotropic therapy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Red blood cell transfusions  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Control of the septic focus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
antibiotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Recombinant human activated protein C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Activated protein C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
corticosteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
corticosteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
others ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Take home messages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ECGC In Green Tea Is Powerful Medicine Against Severe Sepsis
[object Object]
lactate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lung protective mechanical ventilation ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Optimzing sepsis management

Editor's Notes

  1. ======
  2. “ The protocol was as follows: A 500-ml bolus of crystalloid was given every 30 minutes to achieve a central venous pressure of 8 to 12 mm Hg. If the mean arterial pressure was less than 65 mm Hg, vasopressors were given to maintain a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm Hg. If the mean arterial pressure was greater than 90 mm Hg, vasodilators were given until it was 90 mm Hg or below. If the central venous oxygen saturation was less than 70 percent, red cells were transfused to achieve a hematocrit of at least 30 percent. After the central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, and hematocrit were thus optimized, if the central venous oxygen saturation was less than 70 percent, dobutamine administration was started at a dose of 2.5 µg per kilogram of body weight per minute, a dose that was increased by 2.5 µg per kilogram per minute every 30 minutes until the central venous oxygen saturation was 70 percent or higher or until a maximal dose of 20 µg per kilogram per minute was given. Dobutamine was decreased in dose or discontinued if the mean arterial pressure was less than 65 mm Hg or if the heart rate was above 120 beats per minute. To decrease oxygen consumption, patients in whom hemodynamic optimization could not be achieved received mechanical ventilation and sedatives. ” (p. 1370) CVP - central venous pressure MAP - mean arterial pressure ScvO 2 – central venous oxygen saturation SaO 2 - arterial oxygen saturation VO 2 - systemic oxygen consumption. Per communication with Emmanual Rivers: Standard therapy patients were transferred to the ICU as soon as possible; however, most of the standard therapy patients ended up spending about 6 hours in the ED ( 6.5 hours standard therapy vs. 8-9 hours EGDT patients
  3. “ The protocol was as follows: A 500-ml bolus of crystalloid was given every 30 minutes to achieve a central venous pressure of 8 to 12 mm Hg. If the mean arterial pressure was less than 65 mm Hg, vasopressors were given to maintain a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm Hg. If the mean arterial pressure was greater than 90 mm Hg, vasodilators were given until it was 90 mm Hg or below. If the central venous oxygen saturation was less than 70 percent, red cells were transfused to achieve a hematocrit of at least 30 percent. After the central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, and hematocrit were thus optimized, if the central venous oxygen saturation was less than 70 percent, dobutamine administration was started at a dose of 2.5 µg per kilogram of body weight per minute, a dose that was increased by 2.5 µg per kilogram per minute every 30 minutes until the central venous oxygen saturation was 70 percent or higher or until a maximal dose of 20 µg per kilogram per minute was given. Dobutamine was decreased in dose or discontinued if the mean arterial pressure was less than 65 mm Hg or if the heart rate was above 120 beats per minute. To decrease oxygen consumption, patients in whom hemodynamic optimization could not be achieved received mechanical ventilation and sedatives. ” (p. 1370) CVP - central venous pressure MAP - mean arterial pressure ScvO 2 – central venous oxygen saturation SaO 2 - arterial oxygen saturation VO 2 - systemic oxygen consumption. Per communication with Emmanual Rivers: Standard therapy patients were transferred to the ICU as soon as possible; however, most of the standard therapy patients ended up spending about 6 hours in the ED ( 6.5 hours standard therapy vs. 8-9 hours EGDT patients