Optical inter satellite communication system ppt

1. RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF
BENGALURU - 32
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
A TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON
OPTICAL INTER-SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
PRESENTED BY
POORVIKA N (1RG20EC005)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mrs. SUMA M.O
Assistant Professor, ECE Dept, RGIT

2. ❖INTRODUCTION
❖ BLOCK DIAGRAM
❖ COMPONENTS OF OPTICAL INTER-SATELLITE
COMMUNICATION
❖ OVERVIEW OF OPTICAL INTER-SATELLITE
COMMUNICATION
❖ ADVANTAGES
❖ APPLICATIONS
❖ FUTURE SCOPE
❖ CONCLUSION
CONTENTS

3. What is Optical inter-satellite
communication ?
❖ optical satellite communication is defined as
communication through the light which carries
information between satellites or between
satellites and the ground.
❖ A optical inter-satellites radio communication
service providing links between artificial
satellites.
INTRODUCTION

4. ❖ Optical inter-satellite communication has been attracting
worldwide attention because of the growing need for larger
capacity and higher speed transmissions of observation data
thanks to the recent improvements in the performance of Earth
observation satellites and because of its features such as not
needing the frequency coordination and the ease in which
confidentiality is ensured compared to radio frequency (RF)
communication.

5. Why is Optical communication
used ?
❖ Optical fibres are ideal for high-speed communication
because they use light to transmit information which can
travel at an incredibly fast speed.
❖ Lesser attenuation, less impervious to electromagnetic
interference (EMI).
❖ Smaller size and greater information carrying capacity.
❖ Frequency range of optical communication is 1THz to
1000THz and Bandwidth is more than 100GHz.

6. Fig : optical inter-satellite communication

7. Block diagram
Fig: Block diagram of optical communication system

8. Components of optical satellite
communication
❖ Optical transmitter
❖ Optical receivers
❖ Optical amplifiers
❖ Optical transponders
❖ Optical antenna
❖ Optical converter

9. Optical Transmitter :A device that accepts an electrical
signal as input, and converts it into optical signal. It
uses to modulate an optoelectronic device. It generates
an optical signal capable of being transmitted via an
optical transmission medium.
Optical Receiver : A device that receives optical signals
from an Optical Transmitter via the receiver Fiber of a
fiber optic cable. It converts optical signals to electrical
signals which are then conditioned and transmitted
through the fiber optical Transceiver Interface Cable to
the control and the host.

10. Optical Amplifiers: An optical amplifier amplifies
light as it is without converting the optical signal to
an electrical signal, and is an extremely important
device that supports the long-distance optical
communication networks of today.
Optical transponders: In optical fiber
communications, a transponder is the element that
sends and receives the optical signal from a fiber. A
transponder is typically characterized by its data
rate and the maximum distance the signal can
travel.

11. Optical Antenna : Optical antennas are a type of
antenna that are designed to capture and emit light,
rather than radio waves.
Optical Converters : is a module that converts serial
port or other interface into optical fiber interface.
Optical fiber converter is divided into multi-mode
fiber conversion and single-mode fiber conversion

12. overview of optical inter-satellite
communication
❖ In optical communications in space, the laser beam plays two
roles: as a means of establishing a link and as a carrier wave for
communications.
❖ Optical acquisition and tracking technology is necessary to
establish this link.
❖ Information on the locations of the two communicating
satellites can be predicted to a certain degree using orbit
calculations.
❖ But the information obtained is not accurate enough and may be
affected by thermal distortions and micro vibration in the
spatial environment.

13. ❖ As a result, it is essential to have a technology that allows
both parties to scan the transmitted laser beam and, at the
same time, receive, locate, and track the laser beam from
the partner satellites.
❖ In the optical capture operation, the laser beam is first
scanned in the expected direction of the communication
partner satellite.
❖ The partner satellite detects that laser beam with its own
optical acquisition sensor to determine the exact position
of the other satellite and emits a laser beam in that
direction.
❖ As a result of both satellites performing these operations,
the satellite will eventually track the laser beams from the
other satellite and continue to shine the laser beams.

14. ❖ So recent research developed an algorithm for the acquisition and
tracking of the communication partner satellite with certainty in
a short period of time.
❖ This algorithm uses multiple scan shapes depending on the
sequence and narrows the scan area for each scan to improve the
accuracy.
❖ The spiral scan, one of the possible scan shapes, is capable of
scanning a wide acquisition area at high speeds.
❖ Other scan shapes include the raster scan and the random scan.
Each of them has its own characteristics depending on the
sequence.

15. Fig: image of spiral scan
Fig: configuration of optical
communication system

16. ADVANTAGES
❖ With Higher Bandwidth and Large Communication
Capacity.
❖ With Low Loss and Long transmission distance without
Repeater.
❖ Anti-Electromagnetic Interference.
❖ No Crosstalk Interference and With Security.
❖ Light in Weight and Short in Diameter.
❖ Abundant in the Raw Materials of Optic Fiber.

17. APPLICATIONS
❖ Satellites have nowadays several applications of great
importance to the society, such as in telecommunications, in
weather forecast and in earth’s surface observation, on GPS
coordinates navigation (Global Positioning System), and even
in space research.
❖ On the military scope, the mentioned applications referred
above are relevant in recognition and surveillance in the
theatre of operations (TO).
❖ The information collected in real time may represent and
advantage to the military leadership enabling their correct
decision process.

18. Future scope of optical satellite
communication
❖ Optical satellite communication has the potential
to revolutionize space exploration and scientific
research by facilitating high-bandwidth data
transmission between space probes, rovers, and
Earth-based research centers.

19. ❖ The optical system consists of the light source,
transmitting, receiving and capturing subsystems, it can
be concluded that communication signals processed by
baseband, encryption and modulation will be sent through
optical antennas and received by optical receiving
antennas.
CONCLUSION