Openness as a Tool 
Xavier Ochoa 
ESPOL 
LACLO
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Ecuador
Guayaquil
ESPOL
CTI
Research Group on Teaching and Learning 
Technologies 
• Suitable material at the appropriate time. 
• Automatically measure student progress. 
• Virtual instructor – student.
Openess 
= 
Oportunity for Innovation 
Hacking society
Openness is not an ideology 
Openness is a tool 
Technological 
Legal 
Social
Education 
Educational Resources 
Textbooks 
Massive Online Courses 
Learning Analytics 
Open 
are not only solutions to educate the 
populations in the XXI century
They are the ONLY 
scalable 
sustainable 
viable 
effective 
efficient 
solutions
Some Examples
http://lumenlearning.com/ 
1
Openness is not only the same, 
it is better
2
Textbooks are expensive 
Is that true in Latin America?
Craveiro, G., Machado, J. and Ortellado, P. O mercado de livros técnicos e científicos no 
Brasil: subsídio público e acesso ao conhecimento‖. Available on the Internet 
http://www.gpopai.usp.br/relatoriolivros.pdf , 2008. (In Portuguese)
We already have a solution!
But there is a bigger problem
Only 50% of students use 
textbooks 
Even photocopies / library 
basically free books
Most textbooks are produced for 
another context 
No hablar español! 
Não falar português either!
No local authors 
Little diversity 
Content is not relevant 
Consumer-only attitude 
(Un)expected consequences of 
current publishing model
Our professors are not used to 
write books 
But they produce materials
Digital Ecosystem for Collaborative 
Textbooks Production 
A Digital Ecosystem for the Collaborative Production of Open Textbooks: The LATIn 
Methodology. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 
Vol. 12, pp. 225-249
Open Sharing Community
Ecosystem + Wrong License
Open Publisher – Non Profit Company
Collaborative Open Textbooks is not 
just about having free books. 
It is a tool that allow us to 
experiment new models to solve the 
real textbook problem in Latin 
American education.
3 
Learning Analytics 
Monitoring Learning
Open Learning Analytics 
You own your data 
You know what is done with your data 
You can play with your own data 
You can opt-out
Openness help to reduce the “Big-brother” 
factor of Learning Analytics 
Openess have a clear impact on the 
technical design of the systems.
4 
Ecuadorian government needs to 
train 30.000 teachers in 5 years 
They want a master program
All Ecuadorian universities combined 
cannot deal with that scale in such 
short time
Only logical Solution: 
Accredited MOOCs
Currently in planning phase 
More news soon…
In Conclusion… 
• Openness opens the door to innovation 
• If Openness provides advantages it will be 
used, it will be forgotten otherwise 
• Use Openness to solve your problem
Gracias / Thank you / Obrigado 
Visit: 
www.proyectolatin.org 
www.laclo.org 
Xavier Ochoa 
xavier@cti.espol.edu.ec 
http://ariadne.cti.espol.edu.ec/xavier 
Twitter: @xaoch

Openness as a Tool