OpenStack is an open-source cloud computing platform that provides services for managing compute, storage, and networking resources in a datacenter. It allows users to build public and private clouds with control over data and resources. The main OpenStack services are Compute (Nova), Networking (Neutron), Block Storage (Cinder), Identity (Keystone), Image (Glance), Object Storage (Swift), Dashboard (Horizon), Orchestration (Heat), and Telemetry (Ceilometer). Together these services provide infrastructure as a service capabilities like managing virtual machines, networks, storage, and monitoring usage.

1. OpenStack

2. What is OpenStack ?
● OpenStack is a cloud operating system that controls large pools of
compute, storage, and networking resources throughout a datacenter, all
managed and provisioned through APIs with common authentication
mechanisms.
● OpenStack is a free and open-source software platform for cloud
computing that supports all types of cloud computing platform for public
and private clouds.
● It is mostly deployed as infrastructure-as-a-service, OpenStack is basically
your key to building your own cloud infrastructure.

3. Why we need OpenStack?
If we don't comfortable entrusting sensitive data to a third party and you
have tons of it, then an on-premise or private cloud infrastructure would be
the better choice. By building your own cloud in your own data center, we will
have more control of your data.

4. OpenStackArchitecture

5. OpenStack Main Services & Components

6. 1. Compute (Nova)
● OpenStack Compute (Nova) is a cloud computing fabric controller, which
is the main part of an IaaS system.
● It is designed to manage and automate pools of computer resources and
can work with widely available virtualization technologies.
● KVM, VMware, and Xen are available choices for hypervisor technology
(virtual machine monitor), together with Hyper-V and Linux container
technology such as LXC.[59][60]

7. 2.Networking (Neutron)
● OpenStack Networking (Neutron) is a system for managing networks and IP
addresses.
● OpenStack Networking provides networking models for different applications or
user groups. Standard models include flat networks or VLANs that separate servers
and traffic. OpenStack Networking manages IP addresses, allowing for dedicated
static IP addresses.
● Floating IP addresses let traffic be dynamically rerouted to any resources in the IT
infrastructure, so users can redirect traffic during maintenance or in case of a
failure.

8. 3.Block storage (Cinder)
● OpenStack Block Storage (Cinder) provides persistent block-level storage devices
for use with OpenStack compute instances.
● The block storage system manages the creation, attaching and detaching of the
block devices to servers.
● Block storage volumes are fully integrated into OpenStack Compute and the
Dashboard allowing for cloud users to manage their own storage needs.

9. 4.Authentication (Keystone)
● OpenStack Identity (Keystone) provides a central directory of users
mapped to the OpenStack services they can access.
● It acts as a common authentication system across the cloud operating
system and can integrate with existing backend directory services like
LDAP(Lightweight Directory Access).

10. 5.Image(Glance)
● OpenStack Image (Glance) provides discovery, registration, and delivery
services for disk and server images.
● Stored images can be used as a template. It can also be used to store and
catalog an unlimited number of backups.
● The Image Service can store disk and server images in a variety of
back-ends, including Swift. The Image Service API provides a standard
REST interface for querying information about disk images and lets clients
stream the images to new servers.

11. 6.Object storage (Swift)
● OpenStack Object Storage (Swift) is a scalable redundant storage system.
Objects and files are written to multiple disk drives spread throughout
servers in the data center, with the OpenStack software responsible for
ensuring data replication and integrity across the cluster.
● Storage clusters scale horizontally simply by adding new servers. Should a
server or hard drive fail, OpenStack replicates its content from other
active nodes to new locations in the cluster.

12. 7.Dashboard (Horizon)
● OpenStack Dashboard (Horizon) provides administrators and users with a
graphical interface to access, provision, and automate deployment of
cloud-based resources.
● The design accommodates third party products and services, such as
billing, monitoring, and additional management tools. The dashboard is
also brand-able for service providers and other commercial vendors who
want to make use of it. The dashboard is one of several ways users can
interact with OpenStack resources. Developers can automate access or
build tools to manage resources using the native OpenStack API or the
EC2 compatibility API.

13. 8.Cloud template (Heat)
● Heat is a service to orchestrate multiple composite cloud applications
using templates, through both an OpenStack-native REST API and a
CloudFormation-compatible Query API.

14. 9.Telemetry (Ceilometer)
● OpenStack Telemetry (Ceilometer) provides a Single Point Of Contact for
billing systems, providing all the counters they need to establish customer
billing, across all current and future OpenStack components.
● The delivery of counters is traceable and auditable, the counters must be
easily extensible to support new projects, and agents doing data
collections should be independent of the overall system.

15. How It works?

16. Adding a new physical machine in an OpenStack cloud
For a cloud infrastructure, the typical OpenStack configuration includes: a
“master” controller node present on a physical machine managing other
physical “slave” machines called compute nodes

17. Benefits of using OpenStack
1. Enables rapid innovation:
OpenStack’s orchestration (Cloud template) and self-service capabilities offers
developers and IT staff with faster and better access to IT resources.
2. Cuts down time-to-market:
Faster deployment of IT resources also means end users and business units
no longer have to wait days or weeks to start using the network services and
applications they need. In turn, they would be more capable of rolling out and
completing projects earlier than before.

18. 3. Boosts scalability and resource utilization:
Although not as scalable as public clouds, OpenStack private clouds still offer
a significant degree of scalability. You can still spin up and spin down servers
on-demand.
4.Eases regulatory compliance:
OpenStack enables the construction of private, on-premise clouds, it can help
in regulatory compliance endeavors. If your cloud is in your own data center,
you’ll have more control of access privileges, security measures, and security
policies. You can personally take charge of ensuring that policies for securing
personal data, financial data, and other confidential and regulated
information.

19. Companies on OpenStack