This document describes a system for online mapping of radiation power levels from mobile towers. It involves using a radiation detector connected to an Arduino microcontroller with a GSM shield. The Arduino converts analog radiation data to digital and sends it over GPRS to a remote server along with a unique ID. A web portal displays radiation patterns on a map and graph based on the data. This allows people to check radiation levels in their area and helps monitor compliance with power regulations.
Distance relay is mainly used for fault detection in the power system. But it cannot be used below 11kV. Hence an electronic smart energy meter is developed for the detection of the fault in the distribution system. It consists of a fault detection circuit and an IoT module. The fault detector senses the presence of a fault and give a command signal to the circuit breaker and also passes these fault signal to the operator. This proposed system will be a perfect solution for three major challenges faced in the distribution sector such as automatic fault isolation, information about the fault to the operator and exact location of the fault. The energy meter is capable of displaying the cost of the unit consumed according to their tariff. The variation in tariff can be controlled by an operator using IoT. The initial cost of the proposed system is comparatively higher than the traditional system. As a long term consideration, the cost of installation can be compensated by reducing the wastage of energy by making the consumer aware of the consumption details.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT SCALABLE HEIRARCHIAL PROTOCOL FOR HO...IAEME Publication
Wireless Sensor nodes connect the physical world to the digital world using smart,
tiny and self configured stand alone devices. These small devices offer pack of
brilliant opportunities to the digital world by capturing and revealing real time events
which later used as data cloud in numerous applications. With impressive
improvements in protocols, node level programming, simulation platforms and
middleware developments sensor nodes have become promising options in the
development of smart cities, gas and chemical industry, precision agriculture etc.
However, these industrial application demands more lifetime and faster-secure data
transmissions. In many applications it is recorded that with increase in network size
LEACH routing protocol functioning degenerate. Further, designing of a promising
routing protocol that can maintain less energy consumption during data gathering
and propagation leads to use of variety of approaches. This work is based on the
abstraction of equal distribution of energy among nodes with scalability.
Experimental results show commendable improvement in network lifespan with
residual energy of nodes to last for longer period. Throughput is also monitored
considering scalability.
Distance relay is mainly used for fault detection in the power system. But it cannot be used below 11kV. Hence an electronic smart energy meter is developed for the detection of the fault in the distribution system. It consists of a fault detection circuit and an IoT module. The fault detector senses the presence of a fault and give a command signal to the circuit breaker and also passes these fault signal to the operator. This proposed system will be a perfect solution for three major challenges faced in the distribution sector such as automatic fault isolation, information about the fault to the operator and exact location of the fault. The energy meter is capable of displaying the cost of the unit consumed according to their tariff. The variation in tariff can be controlled by an operator using IoT. The initial cost of the proposed system is comparatively higher than the traditional system. As a long term consideration, the cost of installation can be compensated by reducing the wastage of energy by making the consumer aware of the consumption details.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT SCALABLE HEIRARCHIAL PROTOCOL FOR HO...IAEME Publication
Wireless Sensor nodes connect the physical world to the digital world using smart,
tiny and self configured stand alone devices. These small devices offer pack of
brilliant opportunities to the digital world by capturing and revealing real time events
which later used as data cloud in numerous applications. With impressive
improvements in protocols, node level programming, simulation platforms and
middleware developments sensor nodes have become promising options in the
development of smart cities, gas and chemical industry, precision agriculture etc.
However, these industrial application demands more lifetime and faster-secure data
transmissions. In many applications it is recorded that with increase in network size
LEACH routing protocol functioning degenerate. Further, designing of a promising
routing protocol that can maintain less energy consumption during data gathering
and propagation leads to use of variety of approaches. This work is based on the
abstraction of equal distribution of energy among nodes with scalability.
Experimental results show commendable improvement in network lifespan with
residual energy of nodes to last for longer period. Throughput is also monitored
considering scalability.
On-chip ultra low power optical wake-up receiver for wireless sensor nodes ta...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of distributed nodes deployed for monitoring the physical conditions and organizing collected data at the central control unit. Power consumption is the challenges in WSN as the network consists of wireless sensor nodes becomes denser. By utilizing WSN and visible light technology, a simple health monitoring system design can be approached that are smaller in size, faster and lower power consumption. This work focuses on design a low power optical wake-up receiver to reduce the energy consumption of each node in WSN. A wake-up receiver is designed to be always-on for detecting incoming signal and switches on the stand by protocol controller and WSN network for data transmission process. The characteristic of optical transmission and functional circuit of a wake-up receiver has been investigated. A low power optical wake-up receiver has been designed in 180nm Silterra CMOS process technology. The proposed wake-up receiver consumes only 443pW in standby mode and 1.89nW in active mode. The proposed optical wake-up receiver drastically reduces the power consumption by more than one third compared to other wake-up receivers which could be a milestone in the medical field if successfully conducted.
These slides are all about Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). An introduction to PMU is presented as a preliminary knowledge for the course 'Distribution Generation and Smart Grid'. Your valuable suggestions are welcome.
Wavelet Based Analysis of Online Monitoring of Electrical Power by Mobile Tec...IJMER
Electrical automation is an important option for obtaining optimal solution while monitoring the electrical power consumption. While using the conventional methods the errors in continuous monitoring of power consumption is more. But the system requires not only the monitoring of the energy but also requires the analysis of the monitored energy. In this paper wavelet analysis is used for the analysis of the monitored energy/power which is monitored by GPRS technology. By using the GPRS mobile technology the energy consumption is monitored continuously and the observed data is interfaced to the computer by RS 232 port. By using MATLAB the monitored data is processed to obtain in depth analysis of the monitored power. The proposed method not only monitors the data but also provides efficient means to analyze the observed data by Wavelet Transform
This is a complete automated solution for the existing energy distribution and monitoring system in
India,which can monitor the meter readings continuously and take necessary actions to maintain the power
grid stable. A Power Line Communication (PLC) based modem is integrated with each electronic energy
meter. Through PLC the meters communicate with the coordinator. Coordinator makes use of GPRS modem
to upload/download data to/from internet. A personal computer with an internet connection at the other end,
which contains the database acts as the billing point. Live meter reading sent back to this billing point
periodically and these details are updated in a central database. An interactive, user friendly graphical
interface is present at user end. All the energy logs, notices from the Government, billing details and average
statistics will be available here. The system splits the loads into critical loads and non critical loads. This
makes the distribution system more intelligent. More over prior information about the power cuts can be
done. We can easily implement many add-ons such as energy demand prediction, real time dynamic tariff as
a function of demand and supply and so on.
Process monitoring, controlling and load management system in an induction motoreSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Real time approach of piezo actuated beam for wireless seismic measurement us...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Piezo-actuated beam is used for wireless seismic measurement and indication using Lab VIEW. Principle of piezoelectric materials
has been utilized here i.e. Piezoelectric materials deform when a voltage is applied to them and inversely will produce a voltage when
they are deformed. For this reason, they can be used as both sensors and actuators. Here, Lab VIEW 2013 version, NI ELVIS
(Educational Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Suite) and Bluetooth device connected with PC has been utilized for acquiring and
indicating vibration. The developed design is expected to be used universally for measuring seismic waves and also in Industrial
applications for the measurement of micro vibration.
Keywords: Seismic measurement, Lab VIEW, wireless communication
On-chip ultra low power optical wake-up receiver for wireless sensor nodes ta...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of distributed nodes deployed for monitoring the physical conditions and organizing collected data at the central control unit. Power consumption is the challenges in WSN as the network consists of wireless sensor nodes becomes denser. By utilizing WSN and visible light technology, a simple health monitoring system design can be approached that are smaller in size, faster and lower power consumption. This work focuses on design a low power optical wake-up receiver to reduce the energy consumption of each node in WSN. A wake-up receiver is designed to be always-on for detecting incoming signal and switches on the stand by protocol controller and WSN network for data transmission process. The characteristic of optical transmission and functional circuit of a wake-up receiver has been investigated. A low power optical wake-up receiver has been designed in 180nm Silterra CMOS process technology. The proposed wake-up receiver consumes only 443pW in standby mode and 1.89nW in active mode. The proposed optical wake-up receiver drastically reduces the power consumption by more than one third compared to other wake-up receivers which could be a milestone in the medical field if successfully conducted.
These slides are all about Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). An introduction to PMU is presented as a preliminary knowledge for the course 'Distribution Generation and Smart Grid'. Your valuable suggestions are welcome.
Wavelet Based Analysis of Online Monitoring of Electrical Power by Mobile Tec...IJMER
Electrical automation is an important option for obtaining optimal solution while monitoring the electrical power consumption. While using the conventional methods the errors in continuous monitoring of power consumption is more. But the system requires not only the monitoring of the energy but also requires the analysis of the monitored energy. In this paper wavelet analysis is used for the analysis of the monitored energy/power which is monitored by GPRS technology. By using the GPRS mobile technology the energy consumption is monitored continuously and the observed data is interfaced to the computer by RS 232 port. By using MATLAB the monitored data is processed to obtain in depth analysis of the monitored power. The proposed method not only monitors the data but also provides efficient means to analyze the observed data by Wavelet Transform
This is a complete automated solution for the existing energy distribution and monitoring system in
India,which can monitor the meter readings continuously and take necessary actions to maintain the power
grid stable. A Power Line Communication (PLC) based modem is integrated with each electronic energy
meter. Through PLC the meters communicate with the coordinator. Coordinator makes use of GPRS modem
to upload/download data to/from internet. A personal computer with an internet connection at the other end,
which contains the database acts as the billing point. Live meter reading sent back to this billing point
periodically and these details are updated in a central database. An interactive, user friendly graphical
interface is present at user end. All the energy logs, notices from the Government, billing details and average
statistics will be available here. The system splits the loads into critical loads and non critical loads. This
makes the distribution system more intelligent. More over prior information about the power cuts can be
done. We can easily implement many add-ons such as energy demand prediction, real time dynamic tariff as
a function of demand and supply and so on.
Process monitoring, controlling and load management system in an induction motoreSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Real time approach of piezo actuated beam for wireless seismic measurement us...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Piezo-actuated beam is used for wireless seismic measurement and indication using Lab VIEW. Principle of piezoelectric materials
has been utilized here i.e. Piezoelectric materials deform when a voltage is applied to them and inversely will produce a voltage when
they are deformed. For this reason, they can be used as both sensors and actuators. Here, Lab VIEW 2013 version, NI ELVIS
(Educational Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Suite) and Bluetooth device connected with PC has been utilized for acquiring and
indicating vibration. The developed design is expected to be used universally for measuring seismic waves and also in Industrial
applications for the measurement of micro vibration.
Keywords: Seismic measurement, Lab VIEW, wireless communication
Real Time E-metering and Automation of KCT College Campus using an Android Mo...Eswar Publications
Automation is the technology stemming from web of things. To make a smart world to provide comfort for human life is the main focus of the researchers. In the current automated industry Embedded systems and IOT (Internet of Things) is becoming highly efficient and mandatory to exhibit the potential market. While performing various operations, power consumption and efficiency is an important issue with the comfort level of user. The combination of embedded technology and IOT is represented by using E-controller which is the appropriate one for system’s energy consumption and efficiency experiments with size factor. The main objective of the system is real time information and data monitoring of energy consumption. The proposed system introduces the
implementation of IOT using embedded technology to simplistic the peripheral circuit and to lower the power consumption, thereby providing a high quality solution for a Smart Hostel Management and Information system.
ENERGY GENERATION FROM PIEZO ELECTRIC MATERIAL FOR AN OPEN TRAFFIC CONTROL MO...ijiert bestjournal
In this paper,the embedded board with interface mo dule to implement a traffic control system. The proposed model uses an embedded board to replace a manual operation,since the embedded board has the advantage of being easily carried,a real-time operation,a low cost,and programmable. In additio n users can operate this measurement system with the help of the operating system andthe GPS modules to connect to the Internet. The design provides the step by step function to he lp user operate,such as traffic flow information b y using embedded measurement system. This design can also show the traffic flow detailsin LCM (Liquid Crystal Monitor). GPS is mainly used to identify th e vehicle state information. Vehicle state informat ion will be send to control section and based on the in formation traffic light phase is changed according to the traffic by LABVIEW.Piezoelectric crystals are u sed to generate electrical energy for traffic light signals by applying mechanical vibration. Piezoelec tric effect is used to generate the electrical ener gy. This system can be mainly used for real time applic ations.
Design and Detection of Underground Cable Fault Using Raspberry Pi and IoT Sy...ijtsrd
This paper proposes fault location model for underground power cable using raspberry pi and the Internet of Things which is based on the internet, which means the information will be transferred through the internet access. The aim of this method is to determine the distance of underground cable fault from base station in kilometres and also find the location of that faulty place. This paper uses the simple concept of Current Transformer Theory CT Theory . When any fault like short circuit occurs, voltage drop will vary depending on the length of fault in cable since the current varies Current Transformer is used to calculate the varying current. The signal conditioner manipulates the change in voltage and a microcontroller is used to make the necessary calculations so that the fault distance is displayed by IOT devices. These fault details are after sent to any access point through the internet and displayed. Mr. M. Dinesh | Mr. K. Vairaperumal | Mr. P. Senthilkumar "Design and Detection of Underground Cable Fault Using Raspberry Pi & IoT System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19037.pdf Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/19037/design-and-detection-of-underground-cable-fault-using-raspberry-pi-and-iot-system/mr-m-dinesh
In this project we are going to make an embedded system which will help to provide protection against theft. This system will send the data to the user who want to track the vehicle showing the using position of vehicle in terms of latitude and longitude. Most of the people know that GPS is more secure but they don’t apply because it is expensive. This design is needed for the real time location of the vehicle. It changes the microcontroller P89V51RD2 interfaces with various hardware peripheries this uncontrolled interfaces serially with GSM modem and GPS receiver.
1. 1
Online Mapping of Radiation Power Levels
from Mobile Towers
Kalyan Samanta1
, Ankit Kumar2
, Avijeet Kumar Singh3
, Srikanta Pal4
First Author: Ankit Kumar, 2nd
Year Student, BE, Dept of ECE, BIT Mesra, Ranchi,
Jharkhand 835215: Email: accantus@yahoo.com, Ph: 8969580066, Fax: 0651 2275401.
Second Author: Avijeet Kumar Singh, 2nd
Year Student, BE, Dept of ECE, BIT Mesra,
Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215: Email: avijeet1132.11@bitmesra.ac.in, Ph: 8271027767, Fax:
0651 2275401.
Third Author: Srikanta Pal, Professor, Dept of ECE, BIT Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215,
Email: pal_srikanta@yahoo.co.uk, spal@bitmesra.ac.in, Ph: 9470136272, 0651-2275750,
Fax: 0651 2275401.
Communicating Author: Kalyan Samanta, Assistant Professor, Dept of IT, BIT, Mesra,
Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215: Email: samantakalyan@yahoo.com, Ph: 8986804721, Fax: 0651
2275401
2. Abstract— This paper reports the implementation of online
mapping of the harmful microwave radiations emitted by the
huge matrix of cell phone and Wi-Fi towers, so as to
monitor and thus help control the risk for people residing in
a high radiation zone. The manuscript proposes a scheme
for implementation of a web portal to make the common
people aware about the levels of radiation power in their
localities and their risk factors. Analog output of a radiation
detector is fed into an analog to digital converter (ADC),
output of the ADC is further uploaded to an online server,
through HTTP protocol onto which a web portal is installed.
The web portal provides a fruitful interface for graphical
analysis and mapping of the detected radiation power on an
hour to hour basis. The web portal has the facility of
keeping a record of the radiated power level data online. The
proposed research work is tested on field and provides good
results.
This research will be useful and easily accessible for the
common people as they will be aware of the radiation power
levels in their localities and thus may be able to raise the
alarm to the authorities if the restricted transmitted power
levels for respective mobile operators are as and when
violated. Output of this research may even help the
governmental authorities to monitor and control the
radiation power levels in the context of the phenomenal
growth of mobile tower, day by day. In this regard,
government can regulate installation of towers and also may
provide a plan for suitable location/s for further mobile
towers in future.
Index Terms— Mobile communications, microwave power,
web portal, Health Hazards, Radiation monitoring
INTRODUCTION
ow a days radiation from mobile towers have become
a great concern causing numerous health hazards such
as ‘cancer, irreversible infertility, calcium ion release
from cell membrane, DNA damage, stress, Alzheimer, Ear
damage, Tinnitus, Slavery gland tumor, Melatonin reduction,
Sleep disorders, etc’[1-9]. The cause of all mentioned health
hazards lie in the setup of huge matrix of mobile phone towers
installed by the telecommunication service providers for
better coverage and service. In India people are unaware of the
radiation patterns in there locality i.e. they are unable to know
whether they are living in high radiation zone or a safe
radiation zone.
N
The paper describes a detailed procedure of online mapping of
radiation power and pattern of EM radiations from mobile
towers. This research may be of great help and usage in the
coming future as it will keep a map and track of the emitted
radiation patterns on an hour to hour basis in a region where it
is installed.
The online mapping of radiation power is established using a
microprocessor, arduino equipped in a GSM 900 module. The
output (in analog voltage form) from the radiation detector
acts as an input to the this mapping device, which converts
the analog data into digital one. The converted data is now
used by the GSM 900 module of the microprocessor which is
programmed to send the data along with the unique id of the
detector to a remote server using a GPRS connection and http
protocol. The generation of unique id for the device helps the
server in interpreting its location. The server is programmed
using php to record the provided data and plot the graph of the
radiation patterns. The end result consists of the graph of
radiation pattern and its analysis, which is shown on a web
portal and is easily accessible by common man.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
The online mapping device for radiation data works on an
arduino microcontroller which is a single-board
microcontroller including a 5V voltage regulator and a 16
MHz crystal oscillator. The hardware consists of a
simple open source hardware board designed around an 8-
bit Atmel AVR microcontroller. The software consists of a
standard programming language compiler (avr-gcc) and a boot
loader that executes on the microcontroller. The arduino
accepts the output from the radiation detector and converts the
analog voltage which it receives into a digital voltage value
through its inbuilt A to D converter.
The converted value of the voltage is stored in a variable in
the flash memory of the microcontroller. An unique id is
provided to every microcontroller which is stored as a global
constant in the memory in order to provide a trace of the
location of the device.
Once the microcontroller gets the voltage variable it passes it
to the GSM 900 shield which is explicitly installed in the
arduino microcontroller. The GSM 900 shield contains a port
for a GSM SIM. The main function of the GSM 900 shield is
to establish a GPRS connection to the server using a HTTP
protocol. The connection process is done with the help of
‘AT+CIFSR’ command which establishes a TCP connection
with the server by sending a GET request to the web page on
the server. The main header files used for the above
commands are “SIM900.h, SoftwareSerial.h and inetGSM.h”.
The only requirement for this to work is a GPRS enabled SIM.
When the connection to the web server is established
completely using the GET method, the microcontroller passes
the voltage variable and the unique id constant as a parameter
to the web page on the server. The passed voltage variable and
the unique id are then extracted on the server using PHP [10] .
PHP is an open source server side scripting language designed
for web-development to produce dynamic Web pages. Using
PHP the passed values from the device is extracted using a
$_GET[‘passed variable name’] method and are then inserted
into an online MySQL database. Now both the values are
stored in the MySQL database, a web interface is provided
which calculates the radiation power density according to the
generated output voltage in the radiation detector due to the
impact of microwave radiation on the detector.
On the server, the respective nodal locations corresponding to
each online mapping device is pre-stored and is accessed using
the unique id the device passes. Now the main web-portal
2
3. which is accessible to the common man is programmed using
PHP, javascript, j-query and css. The web interface is
provided in such a way that the radiation patterns are plotted
on a graph and on a map using API (Application Programming
Interface) provided by google maps. The flowchart of the
complete mapping system is given in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 : Flow chart of the online mapping system
The picture of Arduino GSM shield is given in Fig. 2.
F
Fig 2 : Arduino GSM900 shield
Microcontroller Programming
An example program of the above mentioned radiation power
mapping is described below. The remarks of each section of
the programming block is explained after the program..
#include "SIM900.h"
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include "inetGSM.h"
InetGSM inet;
char uid_devide[50];
long voltage_variable;
uid_device[50]="sample device uid number";
void a_to_d_converter(){
/*code for a to d conversion in arduino
and store the converted voltage data
into a "voltage variable"*/
};
void setup(){
//call function a_to_d converter
a_to_d_converter();
//function called
//now write arduino code for opening a web page
//sample is like -
Serial.begin(9600);
3
4. Serial.println("GSM Shield testing.");
//initialize GSM shield
if (gsm.begin(2400)){
Serial.println("nstatus=READY");
started=true; }
else Serial.println("nstatus=IDLE");
if(started){
if (inet.attachGPRS("internet.wind","", ""))
Serial.println("status=ATTACHED");
else Serial.println("status=ERROR");
delay(1000);
gsm.SimpleWriteln("AT+CIFSR");//initialize AT command
delay(5000);
gsm.WhileSimpleRead();
numdata=inet.httpGET("www.server_name.php?
voltage_variable="+voltage_variable+"&uid="+uid,
80, "/", msg, 50);//code to pass the data
//Serial.println("received uno byte:");
//Serial.println(numdata);
//Serial.println("nData recived:");
//Serial.println(msg);}};
Processing starts with including the library files of the
arduino avr gcc compiler. The #include “inetGSM.h”
command includes the header files associated with the
GSM900 shield, #include “GSM900.h” includes the header
files associated with SIM that is used for GPRS connection
and #include<SoftwareSerial.h> includes header files which
can serially communicate onto digital pins. After this the code
initializes InetGSM object as “InetGSM inet ;” and declares
uid_device of data type character and length 50. The
uid_device for any online mapping device is declared as a
global variable and is kept constant for that device, now the
voltage_variable is declared as long data type.
After the program initializes the variables and include header
files. It declares a function “void a_to_d_converter()” of return
type void, which contains the code to convert the analog data
received from the input to digital form and store the converted
voltage value in voltage_variable.
Now the executable portion of the code is declared in “void
setup()” function of return type void. In the setup() function
the a_to_d_converter() function is called first to obtain
voltage_variable.
In further code snippets the code checks availability of
GSM900 shield and establishes a connection to a remote web
server using “AT+CIFSR” command and http protocol. The
most important part of the code snippet is the assigning of the
numdata variable.
Numdata is responsible for opening of webpage and passing of
the voltage_variable and uid_device to the web page, as:
numdata=inet.httpGET("www.server_name.php?
voltage_variable="+voltage_variable+"&uid="+uid, 80, "/",
msg, 50);
The comments provided in last were the simulative test cases
and were used uncommented in the test process to know about
the interaction of the arduino device with the web server.
Portal development
The data passed from the online mapping device to the server
is first received through a PHP $_GET[‘’] command and then
stored on to a MySQL database along with the time it was
received. The server identifies the device with its unique
identification code that is its uid_device passed variable. The
main interface which is accessible to the users extracts the
data in the form of query from the above mentioned MySQL
database for calculation of the radiation patterns
A schematic diagram of the online mappingsystem is given in
Fig. 3.
Fig 3 : Schematic diagram of the online mapping system
CONCLUSION
The paper describes the implementation of an innovative
concept of mapping down the radiation patterns for a locality
and can also be implemented for mapping of the radiation
power of the whole country and also even for the world. Just
like the temperature mapping, any common man will be able
to get the radiation values at just one click. As a result of
which common people will be made aware of the radiation
exposures they are subjected to in the most cheaply and easy
4
5. manner. It will enable the government to have an eye on the
radiation patterns so as to control it, as the fast growing matrix
of towers will surely be a curse to health if not curbed at right
time.
REFERENCES
[1] Mohd Yusof Mohd Ali, Rozaimah Abd Rahim, Mohd Anuar
Majid and Amirul Nizam Mohd Thani Microwave Radiation
from Mobile Telephone Base Stations”, 2006 International
RF and Microwave conference Proceedings, September 12 -
14, 2006, Putrajaya, Malaysia
[2] V S Tanwar, “Living Dangerously in Indian Cities: an RF
Radiation Pollution Perspective”, ElectroMagnetic
Interference and Compatibility (INCEMIC), 2006
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference, 23-24 Feb.
2006, page(s): 458 - 466
[3] 1Umweltanalytik und Baubiologie, 2AnBUS e.V.,
3Baubiologie Maes, “HF-Radiation levels of GSM Cellular
Phone Towers in Residential Areas”,
[4] Okonigene R.E., “Siting of GSM Base Station Antenna And
Its Health Consequences”, 2010 Seventh International
Conference on Information Technology, Las Vegas, Nevada,
USA, 12-14 April.
[5] Christof Olivier and Luc Martens, “Optimal Settings for
Narrow-Band Signal Measurements Used for Exposure
Assessment Around GSM Base Stations”, IEEE Trans. On
Instrumentation and Measurement, VOL. 54, NO. 1, On
page(s): 311 – 317, February 2005.
[6] Frans J. C. Meyer*, David B. Davidson, Member, IEEE,
Ulrich Jakobus, and Maria A. Stuchly, Fellow, IEEE,
“Human Exposure Assessment in the Near Field of GSM
Base-Station Antennas Using a Hybrid Finite
Element/Method of Moments Technique”, IEEE Trans. on
Biomedical Engineering, VOL. 50, NO. 2, February, 2003
[7] Girish Kumar, “Mobile Tower/ Mobile Phone Radiation
Hazards”, Workshop on Cell tower / Cell Phone Radiation
Hazards and Solution, VMCC IIT Bombay, 20 November
2011
[8] Girish Kumar, ”Report On Cell tower Radiation, Submitted
to Secretary, DOT, Delhi”, December, 2010
[9] Sujoy K Guha, Sudarsan Neogy, Girish Kumar, ”Report On
Cell tower Radiation Hazards, Submitted to West Bengal
Environment minister”, October 2011
[10] ref.-http://www.open-electronics.org/gsm-gps-shield-for-
arduino)
5
6. manner. It will enable the government to have an eye on the
radiation patterns so as to control it, as the fast growing matrix
of towers will surely be a curse to health if not curbed at right
time.
REFERENCES
[1] Mohd Yusof Mohd Ali, Rozaimah Abd Rahim, Mohd Anuar
Majid and Amirul Nizam Mohd Thani Microwave Radiation
from Mobile Telephone Base Stations”, 2006 International
RF and Microwave conference Proceedings, September 12 -
14, 2006, Putrajaya, Malaysia
[2] V S Tanwar, “Living Dangerously in Indian Cities: an RF
Radiation Pollution Perspective”, ElectroMagnetic
Interference and Compatibility (INCEMIC), 2006
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference, 23-24 Feb.
2006, page(s): 458 - 466
[3] 1Umweltanalytik und Baubiologie, 2AnBUS e.V.,
3Baubiologie Maes, “HF-Radiation levels of GSM Cellular
Phone Towers in Residential Areas”,
[4] Okonigene R.E., “Siting of GSM Base Station Antenna And
Its Health Consequences”, 2010 Seventh International
Conference on Information Technology, Las Vegas, Nevada,
USA, 12-14 April.
[5] Christof Olivier and Luc Martens, “Optimal Settings for
Narrow-Band Signal Measurements Used for Exposure
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[6] Frans J. C. Meyer*, David B. Davidson, Member, IEEE,
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[7] Girish Kumar, “Mobile Tower/ Mobile Phone Radiation
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[8] Girish Kumar, ”Report On Cell tower Radiation, Submitted
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[9] Sujoy K Guha, Sudarsan Neogy, Girish Kumar, ”Report On
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[10] ref.-http://www.open-electronics.org/gsm-gps-shield-for-
arduino)
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