SOA is an evolution from past approaches and focuses on using existing systems, data, and processes, only adding new technology when needed. It is designed for change and adaptive reuse of services rather than being tightly coupled and built in isolation. SOA involves cataloging all business processes and services to create a shared, reusable architecture and vision for flexible business process execution across systems. The first steps typically involve process discovery and documentation rather than trying to define a rigid template or roadmap.