Occupational asthma
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This document discusses occupational disorders such as occupational asthma. Some key points are: occupational asthma accounts for about 15% of new asthma cases in adults and results in over 1 million disability cases annually. Diagnosis involves a work history and objective tests like spirometry. Treatment involves avoiding the causal agent, though symptoms may persist, as well as medications like inhaled corticosteroids. The prognosis is generally poor, with only 1/3 achieving long-term recovery even after avoiding exposure.
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This document outlines hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), beginning with its historical perspective of being first described in farmers exposed to moldy grains in the early 1900s. It then discusses the epidemiology, finding HP prevalence is less than 2% and most common causes are exposure to avian proteins. The pathogenesis involves an abnormal immune response to inhaled antigens like organic materials from birds or fungi. Clinical findings are described for acute, subacute and chronic HP, with acute presenting with flu-like symptoms and subacute/chronic showing interstitial lung disease on imaging and pulmonary function tests.
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Coma is defined and the anatomy of consciousness explained. The various levels of arousal, AVPU scale and Glasgow Coma Scale described. The differential diagnosis of coma discussed are coma with & without focal deficits and the meningitis syndrome.
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The basic lab investigations, Imaging and special investigations like CSF examination, EEG discussed.
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Approach to the comatose patient
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This document discusses coma and disorders of consciousness. It defines coma as a state of unresponsiveness and unconsciousness, and notes that coma can be a medical emergency requiring intervention. The document outlines different levels of arousal from alert to coma and describes conditions like encephalopathy, locked-in syndrome, and persistent vegetative state. Causes of impaired consciousness discussed include alcohol, epilepsy, intoxication, trauma, infection, stroke, and hypoxia-ischemia. The Glasgow Coma Scale for assessing coma is also summarized.
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2. Febrile seizures, which occur due to fever but are not indicative of epilepsy, are also explained. Risk factors for developing epilepsy after febrile seizures are provided.
3. Status epilepticus, defined as continuous seizure activity for over 30 minutes, is outlined as a medical emergency with potential for neurological injury and mortality. Treatment options for different seizure types and status epilepticus are summarized.
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Bronchiectasis
These lecture notes were prepared by Dr. Hamdi Turkey- Pulmonologist- Department of internal medicine - Taiz university
Do Not Forget To Visit Our Pages On Facebook on the following Links:
https://www.facebook.com/groups/569435236444761/
AND
https://www.facebook.com/groups/690331650977113/
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Miliary tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis characterized by the widespread dissemination of tuberculosis bacteria through the bloodstream, forming small nodules throughout the body. It represents 1-3% of tuberculosis cases. Risk factors include age, immunosuppression, cancer, HIV, malnutrition, and diabetes. The bacteria spread from the lungs into the bloodstream and infect multiple organs. Symptoms are nonspecific and include weakness, fever, weight loss, and cough. Diagnosis involves imaging tests to identify the small nodules and laboratory tests such as sputum cultures. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen for 6-9 months.
Osteogenesis imperfecta (dr. mahesh)
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones that fracture easily. It results from a defect in type I collagen production, the main protein in bone matrix, which leads to low bone mass and increased bone fragility. The condition ranges from mild to lethal. Types are classified based on severity and inheritance. Diagnosis involves examining for blue sclera and bone fractures or deformities on imaging. Treatment focuses on physiotherapy, orthopedic surgery, and bisphosphonates to increase bone strength. Differential diagnoses include child abuse and juvenile osteoporosis.
Acute flaccid paralysis afp
1. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is defined as sudden onset of weakness or paralysis over 15 days in patients under 15 years old. It suggests involvement of the lower motor neuron complex.
2. Common causes of AFP include poliomyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, botulism, and non-polio enteroviruses. Clinical features and investigations can help differentiate between these causes.
3. Treatment depends on the underlying etiology but may include supportive care, IV immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, and corticosteroids. Prognosis ranges from full recovery to residual deficits or death, depending on the cause and extent of
Concussions
A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury caused by the brain whipping inside the skull, which causes it to not function properly. Symptoms include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and behavioral changes. While usually temporary, concussions can have long-term effects if not properly diagnosed and treated. It is important to see a doctor after a concussion to rest the brain and prevent further injury that could lead to conditions like second impact syndrome or post-concussion syndrome.
Tb meningitis
Tuberculous meningitis is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria spreading from another part of the body to the brain and spinal cord membranes. It presents with symptoms like neck stiffness, fever, nausea, and mental status changes. Left untreated, it can cause complications like seizures, brain damage, and death. Diagnosis involves tests of cerebrospinal fluid and imaging scans. Treatment consists of a combination of antibiotics administered for 12 months.
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Asthma is a common chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the airways and reversible airway obstruction. It can be acute, subacute, or chronic. Inhaled medications can control asthma symptoms and allow people to lead normal lives when used properly. Avoiding triggers can also help reduce symptoms. While underdiagnosis and undertreatment remain challenges in low-income countries, asthma affected an estimated 262 million people globally in 2019. Risk factors include family history, other allergies, urban living, and early life exposures. Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing exacerbations through medications and self-management education. Prognosis depends on severity and degree of control, with few patients experiencing progressive loss of lung function over time.
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Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that affects over 300 million people worldwide. It is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and reversible airway obstruction. The pathogenesis involves various inflammatory cells and mediators that cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Asthma has both genetic and environmental triggers, and can range from mild to severe. Spirometry is used to diagnose and monitor asthma, along with assessing response to treatments. The goals of treatment are asthma control through reducing symptoms and exacerbations.
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Week 3 Discussion
Mrs. T. is a 62-year-old woman who immigrated from Taiwan with her husband to rejoin their son who moved to the United States for a job eight years ago. Mrs. T. had a difficult time adjusting to life in a new country but was very happy to be reunited with her son and his wife, who are expecting a baby. Mrs. T. only speaks Mandarin and she moved to a neighborhood with a high concentration of Chinese speaking immigrants, which was helpful in acclimating.
About six months after moving, Mr. T. unexpectedly passed away. Her son’s job transferred him to a city two hours away and very soon after, he and his wife had their baby. Mrs. T. loves the new baby very much, but she feels they have no room in their new life for her. She doesn’t want to move from the neighborhood where she can speak her native language, and she is feeling very sad and alone.
Mrs. T. says she doesn’t feel like doing much of anything and says nothing brings her happiness anymore. She hasn’t been sleeping well and says she spends most of the day in bed watching Chinese television. She is not eating much and has lost about 10 lbs.
Her son rearranged the furniture in her home to improve the feng shui. He would like her to see an acupuncturist and a Chinese herbal medicine specialist in her neighborhood to restore balance to her body.
For your initial post, use the biopsychosocial formulation grid system below to formulate your diagnosis and develop a comprehensive treatment plan for the case scenario.
What is your diagnosis? Do you agree with the son’s plan as part of her treatment plan? What is your treatment plan?
Paper should be at least 300 words. Use at least two scholarly source to connect your response to national guidelines and evidence-based research in support of your ideas. Use inside citation. All sources must be referenced and cited using APA Style, including a link to the source.
Chapter 20
Respiratory Function
Copyright © 2019, by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Respiratory system responsible for gas exchange between environment and blood and involves two processes: ventilation and oxygenation
Processes of respiration, including rate and depth, are controlled by chemoreceptors in medulla oblongata, arch of the aorta, and in carotid artery and are sensitive to oxygen levels and pH.
Introduction
Copyright © 2019, by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
2
Ribs become less mobile and chest wall compliance decreases.
Osteoporosis and calcification of costal cartilage lead to increased rigidity and stiffness of thoracic cage.
Progressive loss of elastic recoil of lung parenchyma and conducting airways and reduced elastic recoil of lung and opposing forces of chest wall
Age-Related Changes in Structure and Function (1 of 4)
Copyright © 2019, by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
3
Lung becomes less elastic as collagenic substances surrounding alveoli and alveolar ducts stiffen and form cross-linkages that interfere with elastic properties of l.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)
This document discusses a study on the safety and efficacy of tiotropium bromide in patients with bronchial asthma. Tiotropium is a long-acting anticholinergic drug that works by blocking muscarinic receptors in the lungs. The study found that in patients with COPD (n=48), tiotropium significantly improved lung function measures (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio) compared to baseline, with few side effects. The document concludes that tiotropium provides measurable bronchodilation in asthma and is well tolerated, suggesting it may be a treatment option for bronchial asthma.
Format 2016: how to get asthma control: from PubMed to the tricks of the trade.
This document discusses strategies for achieving asthma control. It begins by establishing the importance of a partnership between healthcare providers and patients. Effective self-regulation is key, which involves patients observing their condition, making judgments, and reacting appropriately. Motivational interviewing can help patients progress through stages of change. Active listening from providers helps address patients' cognitive and emotional needs. Both verbal and nonverbal communication impact the relationship and treatment outcomes. Involving children in their care can improve satisfaction and adherence.
Importance of posture
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gina guidelines 2015 asthama
1. The document discusses guidelines from the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) for diagnosing and managing asthma.
2. Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by variable respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. It affects 300 million people worldwide.
3. GINA recommends a stepwise approach to asthma treatment based on symptom control and exacerbation risk. Treatment includes inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting beta-agonists, and leukotriene modifiers. The goal is to control symptoms and reduce future risk.
COPD
This document provides an overview of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It defines COPD and its subtypes, and discusses its epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. COPD is characterized by airflow limitation and includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It is caused by cigarette smoking and occupational exposures. Symptoms include cough, sputum production and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is made through spirometry showing reduced airflow. Treatment focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, antibiotics and corticosteroids for exacerbations.
Asthma.pptx
This document provides information on bronchial asthma (BA), including:
1. BA is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by variable and recurring symptoms of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath in response to triggers.
2. Pathogenesis involves chronic airway inflammation, intermittent airflow obstruction from bronchoconstriction and remodeling, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Principal cells involved are mast cells, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes.
3. Classification of BA severity is based on symptoms, nighttime symptoms, lung function measurements, and exacerbations. Clinical evaluation includes patient history, physical exam assessing respiratory distress, and tests to measure lung function such
Pulmonary Diseases 2009 copy
This document reviews pulmonary diseases including COPD, asthma, and tuberculosis. It describes COPD as consisting of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, both causing difficulty exhaling air. Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory lung disease causing recurrent breathing issues. Tuberculosis is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which primarily attacks the lungs. It can spread through airborne droplets when coughing or sneezing. The document outlines symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatments for each disease.
Pulmonary Diseases
This document provides an overview of pulmonary diseases including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and tuberculosis. It describes the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of each condition. COPD is characterized by difficulty exhaling air and includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Asthma involves constricted airways, swollen bronchial linings, and excess mucus production. Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and primarily affects the lungs, transmitted via airborne droplets.
GINA 2022 Guidelines.pdf
The document provides guidelines for the global strategy for asthma management and prevention as updated in 2022. It discusses that asthma is a serious global health problem affecting 300 million individuals worldwide. The guidelines provide a comprehensive approach to asthma management that can be adapted locally. It defines asthma as having respiratory symptoms such as wheezing and shortness of breath that vary over time in intensity, as well as variable expiratory airflow limitation. The diagnosis of asthma involves assessing symptoms, triggers, and lung function testing with reversibility. Treatment should be customized for each patient based on symptom control, risk factors, and medication effectiveness, safety and cost.
Pediatric asthma 2017
- Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes symptoms like wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. It cannot be cured but can be controlled through medication.
- The document discusses guidelines for diagnosing and managing pediatric asthma, focusing on pharmacological treatments. It recommends inhaled corticosteroids as the most effective preventer medication and inhaled short-acting beta agonists for relief of symptoms.
- Proper asthma management involves classifying severity, providing controller medication to reduce inflammation, and reliever medication for symptoms. The goal is controlling asthma with the lowest effective medication doses.
Asthma.pptx
The document discusses the pharmacotherapy of asthma. It begins by defining asthma and describing its global epidemiology. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that affects hundreds of millions worldwide. It then covers the etiology and pathophysiology of asthma, noting it has multiple genetic and environmental factors and involves airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, assessment of severity, and general management approach are outlined. Pharmacological treatment options for asthma include controllers to reduce inflammation, relievers for acute symptoms, and oral corticosteroids for exacerbations. Initial and adjusted long-term control is emphasized.
Asthma ppt1 PHARMACY
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on asthma. It defines asthma as a chronic inflammatory airway disorder involving various immune cells. It then discusses the epidemiology of asthma globally and in India. The etiology involves both genetic and environmental factors. Clinical presentation includes wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves pulmonary function tests, imaging, and allergy testing. Treatment focuses on bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and other drugs to reduce inflammation and control symptoms. The goals are to prevent exacerbations and maintain normal lung function.
Bronchial Asthma in children .pptx
This document discusses asthma in children. It defines asthma as a chronic lung disease that causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing due to inflammation and narrowing of the airways. It notes that while the exact cause is unknown, environmental exposures and genetic factors likely play a role. It describes the types, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of childhood asthma, including the use of quick-relief medications and long-term control medications to manage symptoms and reduce inflammation. It also discusses reviewing treatment response, adjusting medications, and the generally poor prognosis for complete remission of childhood asthma.
Immunotherapy in asthma & allergy.pptx
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airways disease affecting over 260 million people globally. The document summarizes evidence from 142 studies on subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. SCIT was found to significantly improve asthma and rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms and reduce medication use compared to placebo or standard therapy in the majority of studies. SLIT was also found to significantly improve asthma symptoms compared to placebo or standard care in all studies. Both SCIT and SLIT demonstrated effectiveness, though direct comparisons between the two methods were limited.
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Week 3 DiscussionMrs. T. is a 62-year-old woman who immigrated f.docx
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International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)
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Format 2016: how to get asthma control: from PubMed to the tricks of the trade.
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Evidence Update in UTI
This document provides guidelines for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It recommends obtaining a urine sample from infants and children presenting with unexplained fever over 38°C to test for a UTI. Clean-catch urine samples are preferred for testing, and if not possible, catheterization or suprapubic aspiration should be used. Urine samples that cannot be cultured within 4 hours should be refrigerated or preserved. Based on microscopy and culture results, treatment with oral or intravenous antibiotics is recommended depending on the child's age and location of the infection. Imaging may be used depending on risk factors, and prophylactic antibiotics should be considered for recurrent UTIs.
Drug Interaction
This document discusses drug interactions, including definitions, types, mechanisms, high risk patients, and how to handle interactions. It notes the main types are drug-drug, herbal-drug, food-drug, and drink-drug interactions. Mechanisms include effects on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Absorption can be affected by changes in pH, bacteria, insoluble complexes, or motility. Metabolism interactions involve enzyme induction or inhibition. The document provides examples of interactions and notes some drugs are more prone to interactions. It outlines approaches to preventing or managing interactions.
High Alert Medication
This presentation discusses high-alert medications, which are drugs that carry an increased risk of harming patients if used incorrectly. It identifies common classes of high-alert medications like opioids, insulin, and anticoagulants. Case scenarios are presented to demonstrate potential harms from improper use. Strategies are described for safely monitoring high-alert medications through standardization, redundancy checks, simplifying processes, and close patient monitoring.
Case Presentation
This document presents two patient cases with hematuria and outlines guidelines for evaluating microscopic hematuria. Case 1 involved a 30-year-old female with burning during urination but no other symptoms. Examination found RBCs and leukocytes in the urine. She was treated with antibiotics which improved her symptoms. Case 2 was a 21-year-old male with blood in urine and weight loss. Examination was normal except for RBCs in urine. The document then outlines the definition, common causes, risk factors, initial investigations including urine analysis and imaging, and recommendations for cystoscopy depending on patient characteristics when evaluating microscopic hematuria.
Vaginal Discharge
This document provides guidance on evaluating and treating patients presenting with vaginal discharge. It begins with an overview of the objectives and causes of vaginitis. The most common causes are bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. It describes taking a thorough history and physical exam, with attention to symptoms, signs, and diagnostic tests to identify the specific condition. Treatment recommendations are provided for the main diagnoses of candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. A case presentation demonstrates applying this approach to diagnose and treat a patient with trichomoniasis based on her history, exam findings, and tests.
Mediations during month of ramadhan
The document discusses mediations during the month of Ramadhan. Ramadhan is considered a holy month in the Islamic calendar where Muslims fast from dawn to dusk and focus on acts of worship, reflection, and charity. During this month, Muslims are encouraged to resolve conflicts peacefully through open communication and forgiveness.
Womens Health
An 18-year-old female missed one Microgynon 30 pill and had unprotected sex. The document states that no action is needed if one pill is missed at any time in the cycle. It provides guidelines for missed combined oral contraceptive pills and progestogen-only pills. The failure rate for male sterilization (vasectomy) is stated as 1 in 2,000.
Trauma Management in Primary Care Setting
1. The primary survey involves rapidly assessing and treating life-threatening injuries by evaluating the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure (ABCDE). This includes establishing an open airway, assessing breathing and ventilation, treating hemorrhagic shock, and providing spinal immobilization and intravenous access when needed.
2. The secondary survey is a head-to-toe examination to identify any injuries that may have been missed during the primary survey. It includes detailed examination of specific body regions like the head, neck, chest, abdomen, and extremities.
3. Effective trauma management requires a coordinated team approach with assigned roles. The goals are to rapidly identify and treat life-threatening injuries,
Short Stature
This document discusses the evaluation and differential diagnosis of short stature in children. It defines short stature as a height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and sex. The evaluation involves taking a history, performing a physical exam, assessing growth parameters, growth velocity, midparental height, bone age, and indications for further investigations. Common causes discussed are familial short stature, constitutional short stature, and pathological short stature. Treatment options mentioned include growth hormone, oxandrolone, IGF-1, and aromatase inhibitors.
PCOS
This document discusses polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a 22-year-old woman presenting with irregular periods, weight gain, acne, and excess hair growth. PCOS is characterized by irregular periods, polycystic ovaries, and signs of excess androgens. It is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of diabetes and heart disease. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, birth control pills to regulate periods and excess hair, and fertility medications like clomiphene to induce ovulation. Women with PCOS require screening for metabolic and endocrine conditions.
Osteoprosis
This document summarizes guidelines for screening and managing osteoporosis. It defines osteoporosis as a bone density T-score of -2.5 or lower according to WHO standards. All women over 65 should be screened by DXA scan, while younger women are screened if their 10-year fracture risk equals or exceeds an average 65-year-old woman. First-line treatment includes bisphosphonates along with lifestyle modifications like calcium and vitamin D. Screening and treatment decisions are also based on additional risk factors like prior fractures, smoking, glucocorticoid use, and family history.
Monoarthritis
This 62-year-old lady presented with 5 days of painful right knee associated with redness and limping after trauma to the knee. Examination found fullness, redness, tenderness, warmth and restricted movement of the right knee. Differential diagnoses included fracture, septic arthritis, and allergy.
Menopause
This document discusses a 52-year-old woman presenting with hot flashes and depression for 14 months without a period. It defines perimenopause, menopause and postmenopause. It recommends diagnosing perimenopause based on symptoms in women over 45 and managing hot flashes with HRT. It advises against using FSH to diagnose menopause in women using hormonal contraception. The risks and benefits of HRT are discussed as well as non-hormonal options for treatment.
Low carbs diet
Carbohydrates provide an important source of energy. Low-carbohydrate diets restrict carbohydrate intake, often below 130g per day, to induce weight loss. Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets reduce carbohydrates to less than 50g per day to produce ketosis, where the body uses fat instead of glucose for fuel. While low-carb diets may aid short-term weight loss, long-term safety and effectiveness require more research due to potential vitamin deficiencies or unfavorable cholesterol changes with strict low-carb intake.
Insomnia
Insomnia is defined as difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or early awakening despite opportunities for sleep, associated with impaired daytime functioning for at least 3 nights per week for over a month. It can be acute (under 3 months) or chronic. Assessment involves medical history, sleep history, and screening for sleep apnea, depression/anxiety, and other medical issues. Treatment goals are to improve sleep quality and quantity and daytime functioning. Non-pharmacological treatments like CBT, sleep hygiene, and sleep restriction are recommended initially. Hypnotics may be used short-term but have risks and should be avoided for chronic insomnia when possible.
Fever & Rash
This document discusses an approach to evaluating a patient presenting with fever and rash. It defines fever and rash and outlines an approach involving assessing severity, confirming fever type and rash characteristics, considering differential diagnoses, and developing an action plan. It then discusses two specific cases: measles in a 9-month old child presenting with maculopapular rash and supportive care is recommended; and rubella with its characteristic rash and Forschheimer spots and no specific treatment required beyond supportive care. Prevention of both involves the MMR vaccine.
Medicine MRCGP Endocrinology.
A 33-year-old woman presents with weight loss, sweating, and tremors. Her thyroid function tests show hyperthyroidism. Graves' disease is the most likely diagnosis as it is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis and her symptoms are typical. While eye signs are seen in 30% of Graves' patients, their absence does not rule out the diagnosis.
ENT MRCGP Qs
A series of multiple choice questions related to ENT conditions are presented. The questions cover topics like facial pain, hearing tests, sinusitis, trigeminal neuralgia, Meniere's disease, hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, auricular haematomas, allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps, Epstein-Barr virus, and neck lumps. For each clinical scenario, learners are asked to choose the most likely diagnosis from a list of options. Explanations are provided for various conditions and test results.
Deramatology MRCGP Qs
A woman who is 31 weeks pregnant presents with an itchy rash on her abdomen and thighs. The most likely diagnosis is polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, which is a pruritic condition associated with the last trimester that often appears on the abdominal striae. A 54-year-old man is referred for symmetrical, erythematous, tender nodules on his shins, which is consistent with the characteristics of erythema nodosum. A 34-year-old man presents with an itchy rash on his genitals, palms, and around a recent scar, indicating the diagnosis of lichen planus.
HPV
1) The document discusses HPV vaccines for adolescents, recommending vaccination at ages 11-12 to protect against cancers caused by HPV. It describes three HPV vaccines that protect against different HPV types.
2) HPV is very common and can cause various cancers as well as genital warts. While most infections resolve, persistent infections can lead to cancer.
3) HPV vaccines have been found to be very safe and effective in clinical trials and in decreasing HPV-related infections and diseases in vaccinated populations.
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Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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The Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India
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Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
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A Classical Text Review on Basavarajeeyam
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
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There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidadeProf. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
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Occupational asthma
- 2. • Occupational disorder: is an event or exposure that occurs in the workplace that causes or contributes to a condition or worsens a preexisting condition.
- 3. • 69% case of occupational injuries and illnesses not being reported • In 2013, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported about 3 million nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses. • In 2007, the estimated medical costs for nonfatal occupational illness in the United States was $67 billion.
- 4. • Occupational asthma is the most prevalent occupational lung disorder in industrialized countries, accounting for approximately 15% of new asthma cases in adults. • A 2012 survey of more than 200,000 patients in 22 states indicated that there were an estimated 1.9 million new cases of occupational asthma. • Occupational asthma results in approximately 38,000 deaths and 1.6 million disability-adjusted life-years annually.
- 5. New onset asthma Symptoms are similar to those of nonoccupational asthma: such as cough, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and wheezing. A full occupational history should be taken. The question “Do your symptoms improve on days away from work?” has been shown to have the highest sensitivity for the diagnosis. Occupational asthma should be confirmed using objective measures of airway function, including serial peak expiratory flow monitoring, spirometry, skin prick tests, methacholine challenge, or specific inhalation challenge.
- 11. complete avoidance of the agent. However, bronchial hyper responsiveness persists in up to 70% of patients even years after cessation of exposure. Control exposures at the source or in the environment. Personal respiratory equipment can result in a temporary improvement of respiratory symptoms, but not complete suppression. The pharmacologic treatment of occupational asthma is the same as for asthma in general and includes inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and leukotriene modifiers
- 13. • The prognosis of patients with occupational asthma is generally poor, • One-third achieving long-term symptomatic recovery or resolution of objective measures of airway dysfunction even after complete avoidance of exposure.