Observations involve directly gathering information using the five senses, and can be qualitative or quantitative. Qualitative observations describe qualities using adjectives, while quantitative observations measure things numerically. Both are valuable, but quantitative observations allow for more precise, objective comparisons. Inferences explain observations based on past experiences and knowledge, and help interpret what is directly observed through the senses. Inferences may change as new observations are made.

1. Observations vs. Inferences “ You can observe a lot just by watching.” -Yogi Berra