Obs Exam Questions

Obs Exam Questions - Presentation Transcript
In the Name of God
OBS &GYN EXAM QUESTIONS, CASES AND NOTES
BY:
Mitra Ahmad Soltani
References:
1-Williams Obstetrics / 22nd Edition/ MC. Graw Hill/ 2005 2-Novak’s Gynecology/ 13
th Edition/ Williams and Wilkins/ 2002 3-Clinical Gynecology Endocrinology and
Infertility/ 7 th Edition / Williams & Wilkins / 2005 4-TE Linde’s (Operative
Gynecology) 9 th Edition / Williams and Wilkins / 2003
5-Iranian Council for Graduate Medical. Education. Promotion and board Exam
questions.(2000-2007)
Fetal Monitoring
1- For a patient who has labor pain, an abnormal NST mandates an int monitoring of
FHR. Supraventricular arrhythmia is detected. The fetus looks healthy by
ultrasonography. AF is clear. What step should be taken?
A- fetal echocardiography
B- C/S
C- Conservative management
D-amiodarone
Ans:c
2-In the second stage of labor ,you notice a persistent fetal heart rate bradycardia of 110
bpm. What is your management?
A- left lateral position, nasal oxygen, 1000 cc serum, fetal monitoring
B- detecting fetal blood PH
C-after 40 min intervention is needed
D- It is a normal event in this stage . No further step is needed.
Ans:D
3-BPP of a 34-week pregnancy is 4. What step should be taken?
A-L/S should be determined . If it is below 2, the BPP should be repeated
B-immediate pregnancy termination
C-BPP should be repeated if it is below 6 , pregnancy termination
D- BPP should be repeated 48 hours later and management is designed according to that
score
Ans:C
Points to remember
NST:
Favorable: Increase15 bpm for 15 seconds within 20 min of beginning the test (before 32
wks of GA we consider 10bpm lasting 10 seconds)
BPP:
Pregnancy termination for:
reduced AF
Gestational age over 36 weeks
Score of 2
Repeating the BPP test for:
Score below 6 + less than 36 weeks gestation/ low Bishop/ L/S>2

+OCT : late decelerations following 50% or more of contractions
3 or more contractions
Lasting at least 40 seconds
In a 10-min period
By either spontaneous contractions or:
0.5 mU/min oxytocin
Doubled every 20 minutes
Hyperstimulation: frequency more than every 2 min or lasting longer than 90 seconds
normal fetal movement
10 movements in up to 2 hours
4- What is the fetal heart rate pattern in a fetus with placental insufficiency?
A-late deceleration and loss of variability occurring concomitantly
B-first late deceleration and then loss of variability
C- first loss of variability and then late deceleration
D-first accentuated variability and then late deceleration
Ans:B
5- Which statement is wrong about MCA Doppler?
A- compared to FHR monitoring , MCA Doppler is more sensitive to fetal hypoxia
B- in an IUGR case, hypoxia causes reduction in Pulsatility Index (PI)
C- in an anemic fetus because of Rh incompatibility velocity is reduced in MCA
D- with pregnancy advancing there will be a normal increase in MCA velocity
Ans:c
Doppler systolic-diastolic waveform indices of blood flow velocity
S/D =S/D Ratio
S-D/S= RESISTANCE INDEX
S-D/MEAN= PULSATILTY INDEX
6- After epidural procedure for a pregnant woman the fetal heart rate shows 12-14 waves
of sinusoidal waves with acceleration. With regard to the following data, what is your
management?: age:26 yrs/ GA:36 wks/ dil:3 cm/ eff=50%
A-pregnancy termination for hypoxia
B-this is pseudo sinusoidal pattern normal after epidural procedure. No step is needed.
C-change of position and oxygen to relieve pressure on the umbilical cord
D-pregnancy termination for fetal hemorrhage
Ans:B
7- Amnioinfusion has been proposed to cure variable deceleration due to
oligohydramnios. What has the least probability to occur during amnio infusion?
A-abruption
B-uterine rupture
C-uterine hypertonia
D-cord prolaps
Ans:A
8- Silent oscillatory pattern refers to:
A- baseline variability of FHR of less than 5 bpm
B- two or more acceleration of 15 bpm
C-one acceleration of 15 bpm
D-baseline FHR variability of more than 5 bpm

Ans:A
9-Which is wrong about late deceleration:
A-it occurs after the peak and nadir of uterine contraction
B-lag phase represents fetal PO2 level not fetal blood PH
C-the less the fetal PO2 before uterine contraction, the more is the lag phase before
deceleration
D-reduced fetal PO2 level below critical level activates chemoreceptors and decelerations
Ans:C
Points to remember
Positive OCT: 50% or more of uterine contractions accompany FHR decelerations
Variable deceleration: occurs >= three times in a 20 min interval with FHR drop to 70
bpm
Persistent deceleration: more than 30 bpm reduction in a 2-10 min interval
Bradycardia: more than 30 bpm reduction of FHR in more than 10 min
9- NST of a G2 / GA=37 wks/ cephalic presentation/ with a history of 2 IUFDs shows a
2-min deceleration. What is the best management ?
A- daily BPP and observation
B- C/S
C- repeat of NST 24 hours later
D-vaginal exam with continuous fetal monitoring
Ans: B
10-What is equivocal-suspicious result in OCT?
A-no late or significant variable deceleration
B-late decelerations following 50% or more of contractions (even if the contraction
frequency is fewer than three in 10 minutes)
C- intermittent late decelerations or significant variable decelerations
D-decelerations that occurs with contractions frequent than every 2 min or lasting 90 sec
E- fewer than three contractions in 10 min or an uninterpretable tracing
Ans:C
11- Which is wrong about fetal heart rate deceleration?
A- maternal HTN can cause chronic placental dysfunction and late deceleration
B- early deceleration of 20 bpm of baseline shows fetal hypoxia and acidemia
C- increased afterload can activate chemoreceptors and cause late deceleration
Ans:B
12- A pregnant woman’s BPP shows a non-reactive NST, one inspiration in 3 min of 30
sec duration, 2 body movements, one Flex and Ext of limbs, AF of one vertical packet of
3 cm. What is your management?
A- pregnancy asphyxia and pregnancy termination
B- repeating the test one week later w/o the possibility of fetal asphyxia
C- repeating the test with the possibility of fetal asphyxia
D- the possibility of asphyxia, repeat of the test on the spot and if abnormal, termination
of pregnancy
Ans:C
Points to remember: score two, otherwise zero
1-T one: 1
2-R espiration: 1 of 30 sec

3-A F: 1pocket more than 2 cm
4-N ST: 2 of 15 bpm of 15 sec in a 20 min strip
5-M ovement: 3 in 30 min
13- Which one is acceptable in fetal health assessment?
A- negative predictive value for most tests is about 99.8%
B- positive predictive value for abnormal tests is more than 80%
C- management should be done based on true positive tests
D- tests are based on many clinical trials
Ans:A
PPV= true sick/positives True negative False positive healthy False negative true positive
sick
Sensitivity= true positive /sick True negative False positive healthy False negative true
positive sick
14-Which can not reduce fetal respiratory effort?
A-hypoxia
B-preterm labor
C- maternal feeding
D- at night (circadian effect)
Ans:C
15- Female 23 yrs G1 GA=36wks has gone through BPP for lupus. The fetus shows 3
movements/ one respiratory effort of 30 sec/one flex/non-reactive NST/AF of one pocket
of 3 cm. What is your management?
A-pregnancy termination
B-repeating the test one week later
C-repeating the test immediately
D-repeating the test 24 hours later
Ans:B
16-Which is wrong about S/D ratio? (max sys flow velocity/min end-diastolic flow
velocity)
A-S/D ratio increases gradually in the second half of pregnancy
B-S/D ratio increases in lupus and HTN
C- reversed diastolic flow can be seen in placental dysfunction
D- Absent diastolic flow can be seen in cases of aneuploidy
Ans:A
17-G2 P1 28 yrs female comes to the clinic with the chief complaint of reduced fetal
movement. Her gestational age is uncertain. In ultrasound AF is normal and the fetus is
reported as term. What should be done for her?
A-Doppler velocimetry
B-labor induction
C- immediate C/S
D- US twice weekly
Ans:B
*Normal FAD: at least 10 movement sensation in 2 hours
18-Which is not an ominous sign in NST?
A- No increase in FHR in 90 min
B- non repeating variable deceleration of less than 30 sec

C- deceleration that lasts more than one min
D- variable deceleration less than 3 times in a 20-min interval
Ans:B
19- Fetal heart rate auscultation reveals FHR of 220 (PSVT). What is your management?
A-Digoxin
B-echocardiography and fetal karyotyping
C- This is an ominous sign of future hydrops and heart block of lupus pregnancy
D-This is transitional. No treatment is needed
Ans:A
20- In a diabetic woman of 37 wks, BPP shows no fetal movement -one respiratory effort
of 30 sec -2 accelerations of 15 sec and one AF pocket of 2 cm. What is your
management?
A- pregnancy termination
B- repeating test on the same day
C-repeating test in the third day
D- amniocentesis
Ans:B
21- In a 20 yr old woman of a PIH case, more than 50 % of uterine contractions are
accompanied with decelerations. What does this mean?
A- Recurrent deceleration
B-significant variable deceleration
C-prolonged deceleration
D-long-term variability
Ans:C
22-The BPP of a 36 wk pregnant woman shows 1 respiratory effort, 2 movements with
no acceleration, one flex and Ext of the limbs, and AFI of 10 cm. The repeat of the test
after 24 hours later shows the same results. What is your management?
A- Pregnancy termination
B- Pregnancy termination if bishop score is favorable
C- twice a week BPP
D-once a week BPP
Ans:A
23- Which pattern is a sign of fetal distress in a 43 wk pregnant woman ?
A- prolonged deceleration
B-saltatory pattern
C-variable deceleration
D- late deceleration
Ans: A
24-What drug does not reduce beat to beat variability ?
A- narcotics
B-barbiturates
C-phenothiazine
D- in the first hour after MgSO4 administration
Ans:D
Acidemia causes btb variability reduction
Hypoxia causes btb variability increase

25-What is the BPP score of : 3 movements in 30 min / one acceleration of more than 15
sec/3 movements/ one tonic activity/ AF pocket of more than 2 cm?
A- 8/10
B-8/12
C-10/12
D-6/10
Ans:D
26-What is the indication for Doppler velocimetry?
A- IUGR
B-postterm
C-SLE
D-APL antibody syndrome
Ans:A

Puerperium
1-What is the change in the milk of ovulating women versus non-ovulating lactating
women?
A- No difference
B-lactose is more in ovulating women milk
C-K and glucose is more
D-Na and Cl is more
Ans:D
2-Which change can be seen in puerperium?
A-maternal heart beat is increased 2 days after delivery
B- endometrium repair is resumed three weeks after delivery
C- Ureters will return to non pregnant state after 8 weeks
D- Vaginal rugae appear after 3 months from delivery
Ans:C
3-Which is true about puerpural changes?
A- total number of uterine muscular cells is not reduced
B-vaginal rugae occur in the third month from delivery
C-uterine connective tissue won’t change
D-uterine is re-epithelialized totally in the first week of pregnancy
Ans:A
4-Which organism is the least responsible in puerpural infection?
A- peptostreptococcus
B-enterococcus
C- chlamydia trachomatis
D-mycoplasma
Ans:D
5-What is your management in a lactating mother who is a candidate for radioactive
iodine administration?
A- lactation after two weeks from iodine exposure is safe
B- lactating during iodine administration is safe because iodine is not secreted in the milk
C-lactation during the first 15 hours is contraindicated
D- lactation is contraindicated

Ans:A
6- A patient comes to the clinic because of fever 4 days after C/S which persists 72 hours
from antibiotic administration. What is the most likely reason of antibiotic failure?
A- wound infection
B- pelvic thrombophlebitis
C- pyelonephritis
D- adenexal infection
Ans:A
7-What is wrong about puerpural immunization?
A- tetanus and diphtheria vaccine before discharge from hospital is advocated
B-a woman already injected measles vaccine does not need a booster dose
C- Rh negative women with an Rh positive newborn should take RhoGam
D- women who have never taken rubella vaccine should be vaccinated
Ans:B
8-Which is not a contraindication to lactation?
A- alcoholics and drug abusers
B- HSV and HBV patients whose infants have taken IG against these viruses
C- AIDS and active TB
D- women under breast cancer treatment
Ans:B
9-Which is wrong about OCP use in lactation period?
A- Oral progesterone can be used after 2-3 weeks from delivery
B- Implants can be used immediately after delivery
C- Depot medroxy Progesterone acetate can be used 6 weeks from delivery
D- Combined OCP is used 6 weeks from delivery
Ans:B
10-What is wrong about antibiotic therapy of pelvic infection after C/S?
A- imipenem+cilastatin should be used in intractable cases
B- clinda+genta is the standard treatment
C- Genta+ pennicilin G are the first line therapy
D- ampicillin is added when enterococcus is suspected
Ans:C
11-Which is wrong about infection after C/S?
A- there is no definite relationship between anemia and infection
B-sexual practices definitely play a role in infection
C- young age and pimigravidity is a risk factor
D- three or more doses of betamethasone in preterm labor is a risk factor
Ans:B
12-Which is wrong about human lactation?
A- a normal milk secretion is more than 60 cc per day
B-Milk is isotonic to plasma and more than 50% of its osmotic pressure is due to its
lactose
C-milk lactose can leak to blood and urine and this may be mistaken as glucosuria
D- Iron reserve affects milk iron content
Ans:D
13-Which is wrong about parametrial phlegmon?

A-infection is unilateral and limited to broad ligament
B-infection subsides with IV antibiotic but fever may exist 5-7 days
C- If fever persists more than 72 hours despite antibiotic therapy the diagnosis is ruled
out
D-supracervical hysterectomy is
recommended
Ans:C
14-What is wrong about weight loss after delivery?
A -5-6 kg weight loss after delivery is due to
uterine evacuation and blood loss
B-2-3 kg is lost because of diuresis
C-2 kg is lost because of third space volume reduction
D-most women reach to pre pregnancy weight by the second month after delivery
Ans: D
15- A 26 year old woman complains of vaginal bleeding for three months after delivery.
In gynecologic exam uterine size is normal and cervix is closed. What is the first step to
be taken?
A-ultrasonography
B-beta subunit
C-Doppler sonography
D-curettage
Ans:B
16-On average what percent of drug can be secreted in human milk?
A-1%
B_10%
C-30%
D-50%
Ans:A
17-Which is wrong about fever after delivery?
A-fever more than 39 c in the first 24 hours after delivery is a sign of severe infection
B-fever in bacterial mastitis usually is late and persistent
C-pulmonary infection usually occurs in the first 24 hours mostly after C/S
D-pyelonephritis is one of the most common reason of infection and is most often
mistaken for pelvic infection
Ans: D
18- A woman has gone through C/S 7 days ago . Three days after the operation chills and
fever (enigmatic fever) occured. She is given antibiotic with no improvement in her
condition. She doesn’t look ill. What is your diagnosis?
A-pelvic abscess
B-parametrial phlegmon
C-pelvic septic thrombophlebitis
D-adenexal infection
Ans:C
19-Who can lactate?
A- mother of a galactosemic newborn
B- mother with HBV

C- mother with active untreated TB
D-mother with breast herpetic lesions
Ans:B
20-Which is true about C/S abscess?
A-Fever will resume one week after surgery
B-Mostly it happens after metritis
C-Fever will answer to appropriate antibiotic therapy
D-Wound culture is negative most of the time
Ans:B
21- How to manage breast engorgement in women who does not choose breastfeeding
her newborn?
A-oral analgesics
B-warm compress
C-broad spectrum antibiotic
D-bromocriptine
Ans:A
22-An infection after C/S which is not responsive to clinda+genta is because of:
A-clostridium
B-enterococcus
C-bacteroid fargilis
D-chlamydia trachomatis
Ans:B
23- A week after NVD +episiotomy dehiscence occurs. When the dehiscence should be
repaired?
A- immediately
B-3 months later
C- 6 months later
D- 9 months later
Ans:A
24-A 28 yr old G2 P1 woman decides on contraception during lactation after the first
week from delivery. What is the best choice?
A- Oral progesterone 2-3 weeks after delivery
B-Depo-Provera 2 weeks after delivery
C-Implants after 4 weeks from delivery
D-oral OCP 4 weeks from delivery
Ans:A
25-Which is true about post C/S metritis?
A- uterine culture helps to choose the best treatment
B- blood culture is negative most of the time
C- streptococcus beta hemolytic cause foul smelling secretions
D-placental site is the site of transmission of infection
Ans: B
Blood culture of metritis is negative most of the time.
Wound culture of C/S abscess is positive most of the time.
26-What is true about lactation period mastitis?
A-It occurs in the last days of the first week

B- Most of the time it is bilateral
C-nose and throat of the newborn is the source of infection
D-it is mostly a result of coagulase-negative staph
Ans:C
Abnormal labor
1-What is Robin maneuver to release shoulder dystocia?
A-rotation of post. shoulder to deliver ant. shoulder
B- abduction of shoulders
C- flex of mother’s knees and suprapubic pressure
D- rotation and extraction of ant. shoulder
Ans:B
Woods screw=A
McRoberts m.=C
Zavanelli m.= repositioning of fetal head back into the uterus and C/S
2-Which is wrong in PGE2 administration for labor induction?
A-It reduces submucosal water content
B- vaginal tablet is superior to vaginal gel
C- It better affects on a cervix with Bishop score below 4
D-It can be used instead of oxytocin for cervical Bishop score of 5-7
Ans:A
3-Which is wrong in breech delivery mechanism?
A-ant hip has a more rapid decent than post hip
B- ant hip is beneath the symphysis pubis and intertrochanteric diameter rotates around a
45 degree axis
C- if post hip is beneath the symphysis pubis it has to go through 225 degree axis rotation
D-for sacrum ant or post position, the axis of rotation is around 45 degrees
Ans: C
4-A woman 35 years old- P2 – GA of 38 wks -EFW of 2 kg presents face and posterior
shoulder presentation. How do you manage her delivery?
A-induction of labor
B- internal rotation to make mentum ant position
C- observation to allow spontaneous rotation
D- C/S
Ans:C
5-Which is wrong about persistent occiput posterior?
A-Forceps can be applied
B-manual rotation of the head can be done
C- manual rotation of the head can be done
D-there is no place for observation
Ans:D
6-A term pregnancy- dil=3cm- eff=50%-satation=-2 soft cervix in mid position has a
Bishop score of:
A-5
B-7
C-9
D-10

Ans:B
7-In high dose oxytocin labor stimulation, what is the maximum dose (mu/min) of
oxytocin ?
A-20
B-30
C-42
D-60
Ans:C
8- G4-L1-Ab2 / GA:38wks/full dil &eff/frank breech/ station=1 /WB=intact /FHR=100
BPM / x-ray shows flexion of the head. What is the best management?
A-Frank breech extraction
B-C/S
C-modified Prague maneuver
D- observation for non assisted breech delivery
Ans:A
9-Which is wrong about face presentation?
A- This is a rare presentation above inlet
B-brow presentation most of the time changes to face presentation
C- decent mechanism is completely different from vertex presentation
D-delivery is possible if mentum appears beneath the symphysis.
Ans:C
10- Under what condition is external cephalic version allowed in breech or transverse
position,?
A- multiparity
B-placenta previa
C- presenting part engagement
D- CPD
Ans: A
11-Which is true about pelvimetry of a breech presentation?
A-MRI is superior to CT scan
B-MRI is faster than CT scan
C- MRI is superior to CT scan only during labor
D-MRI is not a good technique for imaging inlet and mid pelvis
Ans:A
12-Which is wrong about misoprostol?
A- It is a synthetic PG E1
B-It is used for peptic ulcer
C- It is used for contraception
D- Its dose is 100 mcg intra cervical for labor induction
Ans:D
13-Which criterion applies to low forceps?
A- the fetal head leading point should be on station=>2
B- the fetal head leading point should be above station=>2
C-The fetal head is on the pelvic floor
D-Sagital suture is ant-post
Ans:A

14-Which is true about breech delivery?
A-labor duration is more lengthy than vertex presentation
B-CP is not related to mode of delivery
C- Breech presentation happens with no definite reason
D-pelvimetry with MRI reduces C/S rate
Ans:B
15-Which is wrong about PGE2 gel?
A-The intracervical dose is 0.3-0.5 mg
B-The vaginal dose is 3-5 mg
C- The vaginal application releases 10 mg Q4h
D-If contractions and FHR are normal in a 2 hour observation, the patient can be
discharged
Ans:C
16- In breech presentation with a posterior shoulder ,What is the name of the maneuver:
“The shoulder is grasped by one hand and the legs are grasped by the other hand then the
newborn is pooled toward mother’s abdomen?”
A-Pinard
B- modified Prague
C- Bracht
D- Meuriceu
Ans:B
17-Which is wrong in shoulder dystocia?
A-Most of shoulder dystocia cases can not be diagnosed or predicted
B- Shoulder dystocia can be diagnosed with high accuracy using modern imaging studies
C-ultrasound is not reliable
D- C/S is recommended in diabetic mothers with babies more than 4500 gr and in non
diabetic mothers with babies more than 5000 gr
Ans:B
18- A woman 34 yr G1 GA of 41wks is hospitalized. Which regiment is more effective to
improve Bishop score?
A- vaginal misoprostol 50 mcg
B- intracervical PGE2 (dinoprostone)0.5 mg
C- Oral Misoprostol 50 mcg
D-NS extra amniotic infusion
Ans:D
Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
1-What is the accepted screening test for diagnosis of PIH?
A-Rollover test
B-nitric oxide measurement
C-vascular endothelial growth factor
D-angiotensin test
Ans:A
2- For a case of severe preeclampsia (BP=180/95) Mg SO4 and C/S is ordered. An hour
after C/S BP falls to 110/75. What is the reason of BP fall?
A-Delivery removes the effect of vasospasm
B-anesthetic drugs

C-hemorrhage
D-MgSO4 effect
Ans: C
3-Which is true about edema of preeclmpsia?
A- it has an unknown etiology
B-it is because of increased aldosterone level
C- it worsens the prognosis of preeclampsia
D- it is because of increased DOC
Ans:A
4- A woman 48 yrs old/ G3/ BP=150/115/ has a high cholesterol level . Her sister and
brother had heart attacks in the age of 40. Which is wrong about the management of this
case?
A-Beta blocker
B- diet
C-methyl dopa
D-regular checking of lab results
Ans: A
5- In a woman with chronic HTN Which factor has the least effect in development of
superimposed PIH?
A- PIH history
B- low dose aspirin
C- severity of HTN
D-the need for combined drug therapy
Ans:B
6-What is the most common complication of eclampsia?
A- abruption
B-aspiration pneumonia
C-pulmonary edema
D- direct maternal mortality
Ans:A
7-Which is true about blindness after eclampsia?
A-It has a bad prognosis
B-It lasts about 1 month
C-it is transient and lasts from 4 hours to 8 days
D-in some people it causes permanent blindness
Ans:C
8-Which is wrong about eclampsia?
A- eclampsia can cause coma without seizure
B- All patients with eclamsia have had signs of preeclampsia
C-After seizures respiratory rate is reduced and cyanosis happens
D- In all cases of eclampsia severe proteinuria is present
Ans:C
9-Which therapy can prevent preeclampsia?
A-Low dose aspirin
B-calcium
C-fish oil

D-Antioxidants
Ans:D
10- A 40 years old woman / G3/P2 /GA=35 wks/ BP=210/110 is in seizure. What is the
best way to control her seizure?
A-Phenytoin loading dose of 1000 mg/h IV
B- Diazepam and creatinin measurement
C- amobarbital sodium 250 mg IV
D- MgSO4 4-6 gr as loading dose
Ans:D
11- What is the cause of platelet change in preeclampsia?
A- increased production
B- decreased consumption
C- increased platelet aggregation
D- decreased platelet- adhering IG
Ans:A
12-A woman 25 years old / G1 suffers HELLP syndrome. What is true about her next
pregnancy?
A- there is no increased risk in her next pregnancy
B-the is increased risk of abruption and preeclampsia
C-there is no increased risk of preterm labor or C/S
D-there is no increased risk of IUGR
Ans:B
13-Which test has a more PPV for detecting PIH?
A-urinary excretion of Kallikrein
B- roll over test
C- angiotensin II
D- hypocalciuria
Ans:A
14-A pregnant woman GA=29 wks / severe headache/ blurred vision/ BP= 200/120 has
gone through routine tests and MgSO4 infusion. What other steps should be taken?
A-IV hydralazine 20 mg + IV verapamil 10 mg
B-IV hydralazine 5 mg
C- IV labetalol 80 mg
D- sublingual nifedipine 10 mg +thiazide 10 mg
Ans:B
15-A case of eclampsia with seizure is given MgSO4. She is agitated. What drug is
appropriate for her agitated state?
A-2 gr MgSO4 IV
B- 250 mg amobarbital IV
C- 10 mg diazepam IM
D-no treatment is needed
Ans:B
“ A” would be appropriate if a second seizure occurs
16-A woman with high blood pressure, proteinuria, Cr>1.5 mg/dl, has an episode of
seizure after 4 hours from her delivery. What treatment do you suggest?
A-14 gr of MgSO4as the loading dose and then 2.5 gr q4h up to 24 h after delivery

B-7 gr of MgSO4 as the loading dose and then 2.5 grq4h up to 24 h after the last seizure
C-14 gr of MgSO4 as the loading dose and then 2.5 gr q4h up to 24h after the last seizure
D-7 gr of MgSO4 as the loading dose and then 2.5 gr q4h up to 24h after delivery
Ans:C
17-Which is not among pathophysiological changes of preeclampsia?
A-reduction in PGE2
B-reduction in prostacyclin
C-increased thromboxane A2
D-increased resistance to angiotensin
Ans: D
18-Which is wrong about proteinuria of preeclampsia?
A-Some women deliver before proteinuria occurs
B-1+ proteinuria equals 300 mg protein in a 24 hour sample
C-NPV of a trace or negative dipstick test is about 30 %
D-PPV of 3+/4+ proteinuria is 70%
Ans:D
19-For a primigravida in 30 weeks gestation a roll-over test is done. An increase of 35
mmHG has occurred in diastolic BP. Which is wrong for this case?
A- She has a high probability of developing HTN
B-She is abnormally sensitive to angiotensin II
C-increased BP is because of hyperactivity of parasympathetic system
D-33% of these patients will develop preeclampsia
Ans:C
20-Which is wrong for visual disturbances of preeclampsia?
A-it is because of occipital region lesions
B-if blindness does not resolve within a week , it will remain permanently
C- It is because of retinal artery spasm that can resolve by MgSO4
D-it is because of retinal detachment that is most often unilateral
Ans:B
21-Which is wrong about superimposed preeclampsia?
A-it occurs earlier in pregnancy and most often is accompanied by IUGR
B- BP changes remain through life
C-some women have increased BP after 24 weeks gestation
D- above 90% of them have a history of essential HTN
Ans:B
22-A woman GA=38 wks/G2/L1/history of chronic HTN is diagnosed as a case of severe
preeclampsia. Her pregnancy is terminated. Her BP and proteinuria and edema are
improved but she has developed orthopnea. What is your first diagnosis?
A-ATN and overload
B- hypoalbuminemia
C-peripartum cardiomyopathy
D-MS signs aggravated by fluid shift
Ans:C
23-What drug has the complication of tachycardia?
A-methyl dopa
B-propranolol

C-nifedipine
D-hydralazine
Ans: D
24-Which does not happen in preeclampsia?
A-reduced renal perfusion and GFR
B-increased renin-angiotensin level
C-constant electrolyte concentration
D- increased microangiopathic hemolysis
Ans:B
25-A woman 32 years old/ NP /obese / 38 wks GA/ mild preeclampsia delivers her child .
BP does not decrease after several IV doses of hydralazine. Which is not a good
management?
A-Im hydralazine
B-oral labetalol
C-thiazides
D-IV MgSO4
Ans:D
Hemorrhage in Obstetrics
1- A woman 35 years old /G4 L3 presents with couvelaire uterus in C/S. When is
hysterectomy indicated?
A-presence of hematoma in the broad ligament
B-presence of hematoma in mesosalpinx
C- atony retractable to treatment
D- presence of blood in abdominal cavity
Ans:C
2-Which is wrong about platelet administration?
A- Platelet can not be reserved more than 5 days
B-platelets should be administered to patients with hemorrhage and platelet counts less
than 50000/ml
C-platelet should be administered after cross-match
D- If there is no hemorrhage, platelets should be administered to patients with platelet
counts less than 10000 /ml
Ans:D
3-which is the most common reason of DIC in Obstetrics?
A-IUFD
B-abruption
C-AF emboli
D- septic shock
Ans:B
4-what is the first step in treating a G2 with late postpartum hemorrhage (after stabilizing
her condition)?
A-curettage
B-uterotonics
C-uterine artery ligation
D-hypogastric artery ligation
Ans:B

5-A 16 year-old woman comes to you with heavy bleeding after a two month delay in her
periods. Pregnancy test is negative. Ultrasound shows a thin endometrium. There is no
coagulation or anatomical problem. Which is the best treatment?
A-high dose progesterone
B-curettage
C-IV conjugate estrogen
D-diagnostic hysteroscopy
Ans:C
Conjugate estrogen 25-40 mg IV q6h or PO
2.5 mg q6h
6- what is the stage of shock in a woman 70 kg / HR=130 bpm/AP=55mmHg/mod
tachycardia/ urinary output=10cc in a min
A-first
B-second
C-third
D-fourth
Ans:c
7-Which is true about hemorrhagic shock?
A- central venous catheter is not recommended
B-lifting the feet is not recommended
C-colloids are superior to crystalloids
D-excess NS can cause alkalosis
Ans:A
8-A woman suffers intractable heavy vaginal bleeding after C/S. Laparatomy is
performed. Retrovesical hematoma is evacuated and the site of bleeding is sutured. The
bleeding does not stop. What is the second stage in management?
A-total hysterectomy
B-bilateral uterine and ovarian arteries ligation
C-bilateral hypogastric arteries ligation
D-bilateral hypogastric and ovarian arteries ligation
Ans:D
Ovarian artery is situated in infundibulopelvic and mesosalpinx ligament
9-Which is wrong in abruption?
A-It is more likely in heroin addicts than cocaine addicts
B-fibroma is one of the causes
C-positive past history is a risk factor
D-there is no agreement on smoking as a risk factor
Ans:A
10-A G2 with GA=14 wks is referred for spotting. Ultrasound imaging shows twin
pregnancy with one fetal demise. How the coagulation profile may change?
A- The profile is like that of DIC
B-heavy bleeding will occur during labor because of hypofibrinogenemia
C- repairable transient coagulopathy will occur
D-the live infant in the uterine will develop coagulopathy
Ans:C
11-Which is true about uterine inversion?

A-BP and MgSO4 can be the reason
B-it is more common in multiparas
C-it is never fatal
D-hemorrhage occurs with a delay
Ans:A
12-If there is a coagulopathy disorder, which is an indication for Heparin administration
provided that circulation is intact?
A-IUFD
B-Abruption
C-septic abortion
D-HELLP syndrome
Ans:A
Heparin dose 5000 units TDS for IUFD
FFP and platelet for septic abortion
13-Which is not an etiology of prepubertal females with vaginal bleeding?
A-endocervical polyps
B-vaginitis
C-muluscum contangiosum
D-lichen sclerosis
Ans:A
14-What is the drug of choice in AUB after kidney and liver transplant?
A-desmopressin
B-GnRH agonist
C-antiprostaglandins
D-estrogens
Ans:B
15-A 14 yr old girl has the chief complaint of heavy vaginal bleeding. Her Hb is 7 gr/dl .
Coagulation tests and platelets and pelvic sonography are normal. What is your
management after treating anemia?
A-HD OCP q6h for one week
B- 25-50 mg progesterone q6h until bleeding is under control
C- Conjugated estrogen 2.5 mg q6h PO until bleeding is controlled followed by medroxy
progesterone
D-daily medroxy progesterone acetate 20 mg
Ans:C
16-Which is wrong about stage II of hypovolemic shock?
A-Tachycardia is a constant finding
B-blood loss is more than 1000cc
C-systolic minus diastolic BP is increased
D-BP at rest is normal
Ans:C
17- A 70 kg woman has massive hemorrhage during a pelvic surgery. Which is the best
choice for blood loss compensation?
A- Packed cell +3 units of FFP+10 units of platelet
B- Packed cell +2 units of FFP for each 6-8 units of PC+ 2 units of platelet if platelet
count is below 100000/cc

C-whole blood
D- B and C
Ans:D
Points to remember Whole blood 500cc Plasma 250cc 250cc packed cell 4°c FFP 200 cc
-18°c Platelet 50cc 20-24° c Cryoprecipitate 15 cc -18°c
18-What is the most common coagulopathy that is presented by AUB in adulthood?
A-Thalacemia major
B- thalacemia minor
C-von willebrand
D-ITP
Ans:D
19-Which is true about int iliac artery ligation for controlling pelvic hemorrhage?
A-Ext iliac artery should be checked before ligation is attempted
B-ureter should not be located
C- both sides arteries should not be ligated
D-the artery should be ligated proximal to parietal branch
Ans:A
20-A woman receives 12 units of whole blood because of hemorrhage after
hysterectomy. 3 hours after operation Hb is 9 gr/dl, platelet 55000/cc fibrinogen 100 mg/
dl. What do you suggest?
A-FFP
B-platelet
C-cryoprecipitate
D-crystalloids
Ans:D
21-How PG f2-alfa is administered for uterine atony?
A-20 mg IM for max 3 doses by 15-90 min intervals
B-500 mcg IV for max 4 doses IM by 30 min intervals
C-1000 mcg IM single dose
D-250 mcg IM for max 8 doses by 15-90 min intervals
Ans:D
22-In a 14 year old anemic girl with prolonged uterine spotting what should be done?
A- assurance, follow up and ferrus sulfate
B- Low dose OCP q6h for 7 days
C- Low dose OCP 21 days for 3-6 cycles
D- conjugate estrogen 2.5 mg PO q6h for 7 days
Ans:c
23-A 40 year old woman is hospitalized for hemorrhagic shock. Her kidney function is
normal. What is the most sensitive and reliable clinical criteria for determining severity
of volume loss?
A- tachycardia
B-tachypnea
C-oliguria
D-hypotension
Ans:C
24-What is the best management of great vessels laceration in sacral foramina?

A-Clamp and ligation of great vessels
B- clipping the vessels
C-electrocuttery
D-packing the foramen by Gel foam
Ans:D
25-An extension of C/S incision causes vaginal artery laceration and heavy bleeding.
What should be done for this case?
A-uterine artery ligation
B-ovarian artery ligation
C- hypogastric artery ligation
D-hysterectomy
Ans:C
26- How many ml of blood does a soaked lap pad absorbs?
A-30 cc
B-50 cc
C-80 cc
D-100 cc
Ans:B
27-What is wrong for blood loss management?
A-after an hour in a critical case only 20% of crystalloids remains in circulation
B- the volume of crystalloids replacement is three times the volume of blood loss
C-in all cases of blood loss a Hb of less than 8 gr/dl mandates whole blood transfusion
D-colloids increase mortality rate
Ans:C
28-What is wrong about vaginal hematoma after delivery?
A-observation if hematoma is small
B- an incision on the site if pain is severe and hematoma enlarges
C-mattress suturing the bed of hematoma
D-pressure dressing should be applied on the hematoma bed for 12-24 hours
Ans:D
29- A repeat C/S II has hemorrhage of the incision site. Which can best control
hemorrhage?
A-ligation of placental site above and below the incision site
B-ligation of uterine artery
C- ligation of hypogastric artery
D- embolization of uterine artery
Ans:A
30-Where is the exact place of hypogastric artery ligation?
A- immediately distal to the bifurcation
B-anterior branch distal to the bifurcation
C- anterior branch distal to post parietal branch
D- anterior and posterior branch
Ans:C
31-What is the diagnosis and treatment of a tender inflamed mass near the urethral
opening in a 5 year old girl?
A-muluscum- analgesics and steroids

B-condylomata acuminata- TCA acid
C-prolaps of the urethra- topical estrogen
D- Skene gland abscess-antibiotic and evacuation
Ans:C
32-A 16 year old girl complains of heavy menstrual bleeding. She is anemic. Her VS is
stable. Your diagnosis is DUB. What should be prescribed for her other than Iron
supplements?
A-medroxy progesterone acetate 10 mg daily for 2 weeks for 3 cycles
B-monophasic OCP q6h for 7 days
C- conjugate estrogen 2.5 mg PO q6h until the hemorrhage stops
D-LD OCP for 21 days
Ans:B
33-Obturator artery is lacerated in a pelvic surgery. Which artery should be ligated?
A-int iliac
B-lateral sacral
C-int pudendal
D-ilio lumbar
Ans:A

Paravesical space contains accessory obturator artery from inf hypogastric
Para rectal space contains lateral sacral and hemorrhoidal arteries
Obturator artery is from int iliac artery
34-Which is the last choice in Von Willebrand related AUB?
A-2.5 mg estrogen daily+ progesterone in the last 10 days of a menstrual cycle
B-OCP
C-GnRH nasal spray
D-desmopressin infusion
Ans:D
35-Which is more common in blood transfusion?
A-Hepatitis B
B-Delayed red-cell hemolytic reaction
C-Anaphylactic reaction
D-HTLV
Ans:B
36- Which is wrong about fetal complications of abruption?
A- 20-25 percent of cases demise perinatally
B-40 % are delivered prematurely
C- 12-15 % are IUFD
D-if the fetus doesn’t die in uterus, there would be no serious neonatal complication
Ans:D
37-A pregnant woman G2 GA=38 wks has the chief complaint of vaginal spotting. There
is no sign of abruption or previa by ultrasound. What is the best management?
A- observation
B-termination of pregnancy
C-discharge
D-referring patient to another center

Ans:B
38-Which is true about abruption?
A- The chance of repeated abruption is twice
B-fetal assessment techniques can predict abruption with good precision
C-there is no means to predict abruption
D-The chance of repeated abruption is not different
Ans:C
39-Which is wrong in cases of placenta previa?
A-the safest means of diagnosing placenta previa is transabdominal ultrasound
B-false positive results are because of full bladder
C-low lying or total previa is best diagnosed by trans vaginal ultrasound
D-NPV of transperineal ultrasound is 70 %
Ans: D (its NPV is 100% )
40-What is the first surgical step in a case of retractable uterine atony?
A-ligation of uterine and ovarian arteries
B-ligation of hypogastric arteries
C-subtotal hysterectomy
D- uterine artery embolization
Ans:A
41-Which case does not need replacement therapy after massive transfusion?
A- platelet of 80000 in cc
B-coagulation factor VIII of 40 %
C-fibrinogen 90 mg/dl
D- PT of 1.5 times normal level
Ans:B
Preterm and postterm pregnancy
1-Which is wrong about the pathogenesis of preterm labor?
A-phospholipase A2 induced by bacteria
B-PG induced by bacteria
C- macrophage induced substances
D-PAF induced by bacteria
Ans:B
2-Which is wrong about FFN?
A-it is a better indicator for preterm labor than ROM
B-FFN> 30 ng /ml is considered positive
C- amniotic fluid and maternal blood cause false results
D-its NPV is more reliable than PPV
Ans:B
3- What is your management of : ♀ 25 yrs -G1 - GA = 41 wks- cephalic presentation-
FAD=normal –favorable cervix?
A-C/S
B-stripping of the cervix
C-PG gel
D- AFI twice a week
Ans:D
4-Which test is more sensitive for detecting bacteria in AF?

A-Gram staining of AF
B-increased maternal WBC
C-increased AF IL6
D-increased maternal CPR
Ans:C
5-Which is wrong about prolonged gestation?
A-placental apoptosis increases from 41-42
weeks gestation
B-umbilical cord erythropoietin increases from 41 weeks
C-Late deceleration is the most common finding in prolonged gestational age
D-lack of vernix causes skin changes of post maturity
Ans:C
6-A 31 year old woman complains of premature labor. Dilatation is 2 cm and eff is 50%.
Water bag is intact. Which is true about the management of this case?
A-beta agonists can cause MI and myocardial necrosis in mother
B-terbutalin can post pone delivery for a week
C-If MgSO4 can not stop labor, nifedipine is used
D-PG inhibitors should not be used
Ans:A
7-What should be done in a post trem pregnancy when NST is normal?
A- repeat NST after 3 days
B-CST
C-AFI
D- Doppler
Ans:C
8-Which is wrong in the management of a woman G1 GA=39 wks ROM Dil=2cm
eff=40% HR=100 bpm T=37.5°c ?
A-Control of BP and HR q4h
B- Control of T q4h
C- antibiotic
D-induction of labor
Ans: B
T should be checked hourly
9-Which is the most accurate way to detect ROM if ROM can not be detected by
speculum or ultrasonography?
A-Nitrazine test
B-Fern
C-Indigo Carmine
D-digital vaginal examination
Ans:C
10-In which group of patients MgSO4 is contraindicated?
A- Type I diabetes
B- asthma
C-hyperthyroidism
D-myasthenia gravis
Ans:D

A patient with MG should receive Amide type anesthetics like Lidocaine and
Bupivacaine
11-Which combination therapy to stop labor pain is safe?
A-MgSO4+ indomethacin
B-MgSO4+ terbutalin
C-ritodrin+ nifedipin
D-MgSO4 + nifedipin
Ans:B
12-Which is not a side effect of Ritodrine?
A- pulmonary edema
B-hyper kalemia
C-hyperglycemia
D-hallucination
Ans: B
13-An induction for a 41 wk gestational age pregnancy failed. What should be done?
A- C/S
B-starting induction 6 hours later
C-Starting induction 3 days later
D- fetal well-being monitoring for one week
Ans:C
IUGR
Definition
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) occurs when the unborn baby is at or below the
10th weight percentile for his or her age (in weeks). The fetus is affected by a pathologic
restriction in its ability to grow.
Low birth weight (LBW) means a baby with a birth weight of less than 2500Gms, which
could be due to IUGR or Prematurity
Classification Symmetric l A symmetrical baby's brain is abnormally large when
compared to the liver . may occur when the fetus experiences a problem during later
development the baby's head and body are proportionately small . may occur when
the fetus experiences a problem during early development.
In a normal infant, the brain weighs about three times more than the liver. In
asymmetrical IUGR, the brain can weigh five or six times more than the liver.
Etiology
General- Racial / Ethnic origin,
Small maternal / paternal height / weight,
Fetal sex
Maternal causes .
Fetal causes.
Placental causes.
Idiopathic- In a majority of cases (40%) the cause is unknown– probably due to placental
insufficiency.
Maternal Risk Factors
Has had a previous baby who suffered from IUGR.
Extremes of age
Is small in size (Ht & Wt) .

Has poor weight gain and mal nutrition during pregnancy .
Is socially deprived.
Uses substances (like tobacco, narcotics, alcohol) that can cause abnormal development
or birth defects .
Has a low total blood volume during early pregnancy.
Maternal Risk Factors
Is pregnant with more than one baby.
High altitude.
Drugs like anticoagulants, anticonvulsants.
Has a cardiovascular disease - preeclampsia , hypertension, cyanotic heart disease,
cardiac disease Gr III & IV, diabetic vascular lesions.
Chronic kidney disease
Chronic infection- UTI, Malaria, TB, genital infections
Has an antibody problem that can make successful pregnancy difficult (antiphospholipid
antibody syndrome , SLE ).
Fetal Risk Factors
Exposure to an infection - German measles ( rubella ), cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex,
tuberculosis , syphilis, or toxoplasmosis, TB, Malaria, Parvo virus B19.
A birth defect (cardiovascular , renal, anencephaly, limb defect, etc ).
A chromosome defect - trisomy - 18 ( Edwards’ syndrome ) ,21(Down’s syndrome), 16,
13, xo (turner’s syndrome)
A primary disorder of bone or cartilage.
A chronic lack of oxygen during development (hypoxia).
Developed outside of the uterus.
Placenta or umbilical cord defects.
Placental Factors
Uteroplacental insufficiency resulting from -.
Improper / inadequate trophoblastic invasion and placentation in the first trimester.
Lateral insertion of placenta.
Reduced maternal blood flow to the placental bed.
Fetoplacetal insufficiency due to-.
Vascular anomalies of placenta and cord.
Decreased placental functioning mass-.
Small placenta, abruptio placenta, placenta previa, post term pregnancy.
Screening:
US fetal biometry: HC- BPD- AC
Uterine Doppler studies ( Doppler Velocimetry):
bilateral notches and a mean resistance index of at least 0.55
Or
Unilateral notches and a mean resistance index of at least 0.65 at 20 weeks.
Biochemistry: CRH level at 33 weeks
Diagnosis
Low ponderal index (Wt./Fl).
Decreased subcutaneous fat.
Presence / appearance of –
Hypoglycemia,

Hyperbilirubinemia,
Necrotizing enterocolitis,
Hyper viscosity syndrome
Neonatal -
A decrease in AFI may occur before there are changes in the non-stress test.
While the biophysical profile is a n useful test, when it becomes abnormal the fetus may
have already suffered some damage
1-which test is more sensitive to fetal acidosis?
A-NST
B-BPP
C-OCT
D-Doppler velocimetry of umbilical artery
Ans:D
2-What should be done for a diabetic woman 28 yrs old –G2 – L1- AF=NL – EFW=4600
gr – GA=42 weeks
A-C/S
B-AF measurement twice a week
C-NST and OCT daily
D-PG gel to ripen cervix
Ans:A
3-What is the most important reason for hypoglycemia of a SGA fetus?
A- increased fetal consumption
B-decreased endogenous glucose production
C-hyperinsulinemia
D-reduced supply
Ans: D
4-What trisomy in the form of placental mosaicism causes IUGR?
A-13
B-16
C-18
D-21
Ans:B
5-Which is wrong as an explanation for fetal growth?
A-Insulin growth factor I & II play an important role
B-fetal pancreas can secret insulin necessary for growth
C- leptin , a protein that is found in maternal and fetal blood, is the product of obesity
gene
D-fetal leptin secreted in the third trimester of pregnancy is not related to fetal growth
Ans:D
6-What is CMV mechanism of action in IUGR?
A- direct cytolysis
B-injury to small vessels endothelium
C-reducing cell multiplication time
D-inflammation and edema of perivascular tissue
Ans:A
7-Which one is not a cause of SGA?

A- Maternal SCA
B-placenta previa
C-living at the sea level
D- positive maternal ACL antibody
Ans:C
8-Which is not a finding in IUGR fetus?
A- hyper TG
B-thrombocytopenia
C-increased plasma adenosine
D-reduced placental arterial natriuretic peptide
Ans:D
9-What is the chromosomal defect in a newborn with horse shoe kidneys, prominent
occiput, imperforated anus, VSD?
A- trisomy 13
B-turner
C-trisomy 18
D-trisomy 21
Ans:C
Multiple pregnancy
1- What is the best statement about ovulation induction?
A- oral and injectable ovulation induction drugs have the same effect on inducing
multiple pregnancy
B-ovulation induction drugs increase the incidence of dizygotic twins
C- ovulation induction drugs increase the incidence of monozygotic twins
D-ovulation induction drugs increase the incidence of monozygotic and dizygotic twins
Ans:D
2-Which is wrong about chimeras?
A- It is the process in which two lines of cells appear in one organism
B-A person is diagnosed as blood chimera when he has two BGs
C-non disjunction in meiosis division is the probable cause of chimeras
D- twins can share genetic materials via vascular anastomosis
Ans:C
3-Which is not a sign of twin to twin transfusion?
A-difference in weights more than 10%
B-hydramnios in one fetus and oligohydramnios in the other
C- difference in Hb more than 5 gr/dl
D-monochorion with placental vascular anastomosis
Ans:A
4-Which age is the peak age for twin pregnancy?
A-puberty
B-26
C-37
D-35
Ans:C
5- Which is true for prenatal care of multiple pregnancy?
A- add 300 kcal daily

B-Daily Iron 250 mg
C-1 mg folic acid daily
D-a multiple pregnancy should have a weight gain of 50 pounds
Ans: B
6- What should be done for a woman 31 week gestation with twin pregnancy and one
fetus dead?
A-prophylactic heparin for DIC prevention
B- C/S
C- observation
D- tocolytics
Ans:C
7- What is third circulation in monochorionic twins?
A- superficial artery-artery anastomosis
B- superficial vein- vein anastomosis
C- deep artery- vein anastomosis
D- deep artery-artery anastomosis
Ans: C
8- Twins’ rate of growth resembles singleton pregnancy up to gestational age of…
A-20 weeks
B-28-30 weeks
C-34 weeks
D- 36 weeks
Ans:B
9-Which is not because of vascular anastomosis in twin pregnancies?
A-microcephaly
B-small intestines atresia
C- Hip dislocation
D- limb amputation
Ans:C
Amniotic membranes
1-♀ 30 yrs GA=34 w max vertical pocket of AF=12 cm complains of dyspnea. What do
you suggest?
A- Ace inhibitors
B- daily diuretic and restricting salt consumption
C-transvaginal amniotomy
D-Indomethacin 1.5-2 mg/kg
Ans:D
2-A placenta that is totally covered by chorionic villi and its separation causes heavy
bleeding that mandates hysterectomy is called?.
A-Succenturiate
B-Fenestrated
C-Extracorial
D-membranous
Ans:D
The only placental abnormality detected by ultrasound is membranous placenta
3-What is wrong about umbilical cord?

A- Its length is determined by fetal movement and AF volume
B- In breech presentation its length is 5 cm less than vertex presentation
C-vellamentous insertion always contain one umbilical artery
D-30 % of newborns with one umbilical artery have congenital anomaly
Ans:C
4-which is related to prenatal hemorrhage, prenatal mortality, and abnormal fetus?
A- Circumvallate
B-membranous
C-Fenestrated
D-Circummarginate
Ans:A
5-What is the least common complication of a large placental chorioangioma?
A- polycythemia
B-heart failure
C- DIC
D- microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Ans:A
6- What is not a reason of oligohydamnios in a woman GA=36w AFI=3cm with IUGR
pregnancy?
A-reduced fetal urine
B- increased swallowing of the fetus due to asphyxia
C-reduced fetal renal blood perfusion
D-reduced placental perfusion
Ans:B
7-Which is the first stained by meconium in amniotic fluid?
A-chorion
B-umbilical cord
C-fetal skin
D-amnion
Ans: D
8-What is the most common lesion of placenta?
A-Infarction
B-calcification
C-fetal arteries thrombosis
D-inflammation
Ans:A
9-Which can not increase AFI?
A-high altitude
B-maternal hydration
C-vasopressin infusion
D- maternal serum hyperosmolality
Ans:D
10-Which is wrong about Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?
A- It is fairly a common incidence
B-it can happen to a fetus with normal oxygenation and normal AFI
C-Hypercarbia is a risk factor for gasping and MAS

D-It is preventable
Ans:D
The most common FHR abnormality with MAS is severe variable deceleration
11-How chorionic artery can be differentiated from chorionic vein?
A- vasoactive substances are only effective on the artery
B-the difference is in their diameter
C-artery passes over the vein
D-only by histological studies
Ans:C
12-Which is true about the mechanism of action of indomethacin on AF?
A-reducing fetal urine
B-increasing volume shift through fetal membranes
C-reducing fluid production and absorption of fluid through fetal lungs
D- increasing fetal swallowing
Ans:D
13-Which is wrong ?
A-chorionic plate of placenta is part of placenta
B-prenatal mortality is more in circumvallate placenta
C-uterine infection is the main cause of circumvallate placenta
D-circumvallate placenta accompanies congenital abnormality
Ans:C
14-Which is wrong about yellow round knots of 1-5 cm near cord insertion into placenta?
A-these are amnion nodusum
B-these are made up of vernix, hair, sebaceous and scaling of the fetal skin
C- These are not accompanied by fetal anomalies
D-it can be seen in cases of prolonged ROM
Ans:C
15- A woman is hospitalized for oligohydramnios. GA=34 w Fern=negative . What do
you suggest?
A-pregnancy termination
B-observation
C-amnio infusion
D-diuretics
Ans:B
16-Which kind of placenta can have accreta or percreta insertion into the uterine?
A-succenturiate
B-ring shape
C-membranous
D-extracorial
Ans:C
extracorial circumvallate circummarginate
17-Which is accompanied by long umbilical cord?
A-Dawn syndrome
B-limb defects
C-maternal systemic disease
D-Potter syndrome

Ans:C
Long cord >70 cm
18- What should be done for a term pregnancy, ROM for an hour with meconium
staining?
A- amnio infusion
B-C/S
C-induction
D-observation
Ans: C
Abortion
1-What is wrong about recurrent abortion?
A-HSG is the best method to R/O anatomical etiologies
B-HSG is recommended several weeks after operative hysteroscopy
C-vaginal ultrasonography and MRI are the best techniques to detect anatomical defects
D-Septated uterus is the most common anatomical cause of recurrent abortion
Ans:A
2-Which is true about genetic factors in a case of recurrent abortion?
A- Sperm and ovum of donors can be used in couples with genetic abnormality
B-the most important genetic cause is 45X monosomy
C- genetic causes for recurrent abortion is R/O if karyotyping is normal
D-the genetic cause of recurrent abortion can be cured
Ans: A
3-Which is a wrong treatment for abortion?
A-200-600 mg mifepristone PO and then after 36-48 hrs 800 mg misoprostol vaginal
B-50 mg/m² MTX im and 24 hr later 800 mg misoprostol vaginal
C- tamoxifen 20 mg daily for 4 days and then 800 mg misoprostol vaginal and if
necessary repeating after 24 hrs
D-800 mg misoprostol vaginal for 3 days for 10-12 wk abortions
Ans:B
4-What is a mandatory test for a 29 year old woman with history of recurrent abortion?
A-ANA
B-ACL
C-anti paternal antibody
D-HLA profile of the parents
Ans:B
Recurrent abortion tests
Karyotype
HSG
Luteal phase biopsy of endometrium
TSH and prolactin level
ACL ab
LAC
CBC
5-Which is true about recurrent abortion?
A- 8- 30% is because of genetic factors among which chromosome inversion is the most
common

B- 8- 30% is because of genetic factors among which balanced chromosomal
rearrangement is the most common
C-aneuploidy happens in old aged mothers
D-in a mother below 35 aneuploidy is because of immunologic factors
Ans:B
For cases of abortion without fever: Doxy 100 mg bid or tetracycline 250 mg qid for 5-7
days
6-Where is the discriminatory zone?
A-3000 IU/L HCG + abdominal US
B-1000-1500 HCG + vaginal US
C-a constant value of HCG for any type of US
D-in multiple pregnancy it is lower than singleton pregnancy
Ans:B
7-RU486 can not attach to:
A-Progesterone receptor
B-androgen receptor
C-glucocorticosteroid receptor
D-estrogen receptor
Ans: D
8-What is wrong about postabortal or “redo” syndrome?
A- It is a complication of suction curettage
B- It is a painful cramp in the first 2 hours after curettage
C-uterine bleeding is less than expected
D-treatment is D&C under anesthesia
Ans:D
9- During a sharp curettage of an incomplete abortion uterine is perforated. What is the
first step of management?
A- curettage should be completed and patient should remain under observation
B-laparatomy
C-curettage should be stopped and patient should remain under observation
D- if there is no hemorrhage in the first 24 hours after operation, the patient can be
discharged
Ans:B
10- The clinical findings of a woman with GA=8 wks with the chief complaint of
hemorrhage and clot passing is an open int os Uterine size about 8 wks and no bleeding.
What should be done ?
A-No treatment is needed because abortion is complete
B-it is a case of threatened abortion
C-it is an inevitable abortion
D-Ob sonography
Ans:D
11- A woman has undergone elective abortion one week ago. Now she comes to the
clinic with the chief complaint of hemorrhage. In PE cervix is closed, uterine is
contracted with no tenderness. Her temperature is normal . What is the best treatment?
A-Doxy 100 mg bid for two weeks
B-clinda +genta

C-observation and check of Hb and Hct
D-hormone therapy
Ans:D
12- What is the most likely cause of abortion in a 27 year old woman with the past
history of two abortions in 10 wks and one in 15 wks with normal Karyotype conceptus?
A- endocrine
B-immunological
C-anatomic
D-infectious
Ans:B
The treatment of immunological recurrent abortion is low dose Heparin sc 5000 units
bid+Aspirin 80 mg daily
13-what is wrong about hereditary thrombophilia?
A- Factor V Laden is the most likely cause
B-protein C resistance is because of mutation in factor V
C-Protein C deficiency adds 3-10 % to the risk of thrombosis formation
D- Protein S deficiency and thrombosis risk will be eradicated after delivery
Ans:D
Notes to Remember
The most common cause of thrombophilia syndrome is resistance to protein C.
Antithrombin III deficiency has the most thrombogenic property.
Fulminant purpura is because of protein C deficiency.
14- What should be done for a woman 22 years old who has undergone suction curettage
and now suffers severe pelvic cramps , sweating and tachycardia. Her uterus is large and
tender. She also has spotting.
A-observation and oxytocin
B-laparatomy
C-dilation and suction curettage without anesthesia
D- CT scan
Ans:C
15-What is the best way of pregnancy termination in a bicornuate uterus with a 14 w fetal
death?
A-dilatation and curettage under US
B-uterotonic drugs
C-dilatation and curettage under laparascopy
D-hysterotomy
Ans:B
Canula size in mm = GA in week minus one
16- What is the management of a 32 year old woman who has undergone failed induced
abortion by MTX + PG?
A-repeat of MTX one week later
B-repeat of MTX the next day
C-repeat of PG one week later
D- repeat of PG the next day
Ans:D
17- Which is not among APL mechanism of action?

A-increased platelet aggregation
B-increased prot C &S activity
C- reduced PGE2
D- direct platelet destruction
Ans:B
18-What is the min size of empty gestational sac that indicates unviable fetus in vaginal
US ?
A-17 mm
B-13 mm
C-10 mm
D- 15 mm
Ans:A
>=13 mm if yolk sac can not be seen
>=17mm if embryo can not be seen
19- Which genetic abnormality is more common in IVF pregnancies that end with
abortion?
A-trisomy
B-protein C deficiency
C-x-linked abnormalities
D-translocation
Ans:A
20-Which is recommended in recurrent abortions due to infectious reasons?
A- cervical culture
B-endometrium biopsy
C-chlamydia serology
D-empirical treatment of genital mycoplasma
Ans:D
21- For which utertonic drug to induce abortion placental retention is less likely?
A- oxytocin
B- PGE2
C-oxytocin+PGE2
D-PG E1( misoprostol)
Ans:D
Ectopic Pregnancy

Beta HCG below 2000+ no visible intrauterine sac+ mass in tube below 3.5 cm
______________________ control of beta HCG q 48 h A- If a dead IP is confirmed (beta
HCG increase less than 50% or below 1000mIu/mL- P below 5 ng/mL + visible
intrauterine sac) then curettage B-If EP is confirmed (beta HCG more than 2000 and
mass >3.5 cm) then laparascopy C-If a dead IP and EP is confirmed (beta HCG more
than 2000 and mass < 3.5 cm) then MTX FETUS SHOULD BE VISIBLE ON DAY 45
OF GESTATION
1- What is your management of a 35 years old woman G1 GA=6 wks with an empty sac
of 2.5 cm no heart beat and empty uterus in Ultrasound?
A-Laparatomy and salpingectomy and follow up
B-MTX and leukovorin

C-MTX and folic acid and iron supplement
D-laparascopy abd salpingectomy
Ans:B
Indication of MTX for EP
Hemodynamic stability
No intra uterine pregnancy
Max sac diameter not equal or more than 4 cm
2-What is your management of a 36 year old woman who is pregnant after primary
infertity. She is referring to you for spotting and hypogastric pain, beta HCG is 1500 mu/l
and ultrasound of uterus and ovaries are normal.
A-laparatomy
B-laparascopy
C-repeat of vaginal sonography several days later
D-progesterone measurement
Ans:C
3- A 30 year old woman has become pregnant after 5 years of infertility with ovulation
induction and a history of EP in the right tube 2 years ago. She has undergone laparatomy
for ruptured right fallopian tube. What is the best technique for this surgery?
A-Milking
B-linear salpingectomy
C-right tube salpingectomy
D-segmantal excision and delayed anastomosis
Ans :C
4- In a woman 31 years old who has undergone salpingectomy two weeks ago for EP,
HCG level is increasing. What is your management?
A-MTX
B-transvaginal sonography
C-salpingectomy
D-chest x-ray
Ans:B
5-What is your management for a woman with : HR=120 SBP=80 mmHg T=37.5°c
uterine size=8 wks beta HCG=2500 mIU/mL and no intrauterine pregnancy in
sonography?
A-Laparatomy
B- laparascopy
C- D&C
D-serum progesterone
Ans:A
Adenexal mass< MTX adenexal mass=◊3.5 cm > 3.5 cm -> laparascopy uncertain US +
beta HCG increase less than 50% -> D&C unstable conditions->laparatomy
6-Which is wrong about EP?
A-Relaxin value in EP is less than abortion
B- there is no definite knowledge about CA 125 value in EP and abortion
C- AFP+ beta HCG+ progesterone+ estradiol can help diagnosing of EP
D-maternal creatin kinase is less in EP versus normal pregnancy
Ans: D

Creatin kinase and AFP are more in EP.
7-Which is wrong in detecting early EP?
A-progesterone below 5-10 ng/mL contradicts normal pregnancy
B-by vaginal sonography FHR can be detected in day 33
C-beta HCG level increase of 75 % after 48hrs is indicative of EP
D-vaginal sonography + Doppler are 95% accurate in detecting EP
Ans:C
8- which is a predisposing factor for ovarian EP?
A-PID
B-infertility history
C-DES exposure
D-present IUD
Ans:D
9-Which can reduce the number of false positive diagnosis of EP?
A-lab kits with 5 mIu/mL sensitivity
B-use of 3 rd IS for HCG rather than 2 nd TS
C-urine pregnancy test which can detect beta HCG below 1000 mIu/mL
D-measuring beta HCG with serum creatin kinase
Ans: C
10-MTX single dose IM has been injected to a case of tubal pregnancy 10 days ago . The
beta HCG level falls from 2000 mIu/mL to 1600 mIu/mL. But a severe pain persists.
What is the next step?
A-beta HCG recheck
B-vaginal sonography
C-MTX reinjection
D-serial measurement of Hct
Ans:D
11- A 17 year old woman is hospitalized for abdominal pain. Serum progesterone is
15ng/mL. Which is a true statement about her illness?
A-EP is R/O
B-EP risk is about 90%
C-EP and IP is R/O
D-EP and IP can not be ruled out
Ans:D
12-All are among indications for conservative management of EP except::
A-ovarian EP
B-reduced HCG level
C-sac of less than 3 cm
D-lack of noticeable intra abdominal hemorrhage
Ans:A
13-Which is not a risk factor for persistent EP?
A-EP>2cm
B-treatment of EP before 7 wks
C-beta subunit>1000 mIu/mL
D-EP in the proximal part of the tube
Ans:D

14- In a 39 year old woman with EP, MTX is injected as a single dose(50mg/m²) Im.
Three days after the injection beta HCG level decreased about 20%. Which is a correct
follow up?
A- another MTX is injected on day seven
B-control of HCG until it reaches 10 mIU/mL
C-laparascopy
D-MTX should be injected 1mg/kg for 5 days
Ans:B
15-What is peritrophoblastic flow?
A- high resistance- low velocity
B-high velocity- low resistance
C-high resistance-high velocity
D-low velocity-low resistance
Ans:B
16- What is “ring of fire” in Doppler sonography?
A-placental site
B-pelvic hyperemia
C-fetal heart
D-tubal rupture site
Ans:A
17- A 23 year old woman has the chief complaint of spotting. GA= 7 wks /beta HCG of
two days ago =2500 / last beta HCG=2700 / no evidence of IP or EP in sonography.
What is your management?
A-repeat of sonography two days later
B- MTX
C-laparascopy
D-curettage
Ans: D

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