The document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts, highlighting principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It explains the structure of classes and objects, the evolution of OOP languages, and their application in programming environments. Additionally, it emphasizes the industrial significance of Java and .NET technologies in the IT market.

1. Object Oriented TechnologiesTushar B KuteAssistant Professor in I.T.Sandip Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Nashik

2. Programming ParadigmsProcedure Oriented Object Oriented

3. 3RReadabilityReusabilityReliability

4. Procedure Oriented ProgrammingProcedures / Functions are used to form a modular program.For example:CPascalCobol

5. Example: C Program#include<stdio.h>int main( ){. . . . . . }void display( ){. . . . . .}intaddme(int a, int b){. . . . . .}

6. Object Oriented TechniquesADTPolymorphismInheritance

7. Abstract Data TypeDenotes the essential characteristics of an object that distinguish it from all other kinds of things.ADT = data representation + its operationsInformation hidingEncapsulation

8. Abstract Data Typestate, implemented by attributesbehaviour, implemented by operationidentity

9. Abstract Data Typeclassobjectinstanceencapsulationmethodmessageprotocol

10. Abstract Data TypeClass A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It is like a data type in traditional language.Instance An instance is a particular element of a class. It is like a variable in traditional language.

11. Polymorphism Monomorphismevery values & variables is interpreted to be of one and only one type.Polymorphism some variables may have more than one type.

12. Polymorphism Bindingstatic or early bindingaddInt(x, y)addFloat(x, y)dynamic or lateadd(x, y)

13. Polymorphism universal polymorphism1. parametric (ex) generic function2. inclusion (ex) subtyping, inheritance mechanismad hoc. polymorphism1. overloading (ex) +2. coercion (ex) 3 + 4.5

14. Example:int add (int a, int b)float add (float a, int b)float add (float a, float b)int add (int a, int b, int c)float add (int a, float b, int c)

15. Inheritance vehiclelandvehiclewatervehicleairvehiclecartruckcanoesubmarinejetrocket18-wheelerpickup

16. Inheritance Kind-ofPart-of

17. Inheritance A room is a part of a house.A kitchen is a kind of room.A boat is a part of a fleet.A cruiser is a kind of a boat.A child is a part of a family.A son is a kind of a child.A word is a part of a sentence.A noun is a kind of a word.

18. Problem Solving using OOPBehaviour of a system (otherwise the state of the system) is exposed through the change of some characteristics.paint new colorProperty name : surface-colorProperty value ; greenProperty name : surface-colorProperty value ; redThe force that change surface-color is PAINT action

19. Class Class Describes an object, description includes properties (attributes) and methods the object can performCD_Drive {boolean _latchStateboolean _contentStateopenLatch()closeLatch() insert() eject()}ObjectEach object consume its own space (Identity)Description about CD-Driver

20. Abstraction Class wraps necessary details of the object and expose few through interfaceInterface or method is communication point.Interface or method can be invoked on an object.CD_DrivelgCD_Drivesegatelg.openLatch();

21. Object Oriented LanguagesObjects are supported.Objects are organized into classes.Classes are organized into hierarchies using inheritance.An object communicates by sending messages to invoke the operations of other objectsObjects of varying types respond to the same message differently using polymorphism.

22. Object Oriented Programming Languages First object-oriented language, Simula at 1967.Proved by Smalltalk at 1976. C++, Effiel, Common Lisp, Object-Pascal, ... appeared at late 1970s. Object-oriented programming environments matured at 1980s. User interface (1980s) : WIMP, Dynabook, Apple Lisa and Macintosh, Window systems..

23. Object Oriented Programming Languages Java appeared at 1995C# by Microsoft at 2001

24. Object Oriented LanguagesAdaCLUC++Modula-2Objective-CSmalltalkCLOS (Lisp)Java C#

25. Object Oriented LanguagesC++AT&Tdesigned by BjarneStroustrupANSI-C compatibleOOP

26. Object Oriented LanguagesJAVADesigned at SUNby James Gosling and teamC/C++syntax compatibleTrue OOPByteCodeJVM

27. Industrial Importance of OOTJava J2SEJ2EEJ2MEMicrosoft Visual Studio.netPHP

28. Market Share in I.T.62 percent technologies are based on Java22 percent are on .net16 percent are on others…

29. Thank Youtbkute@gmail.com