1. Nutraceuticals are foods or food components that provide health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. Common nutraceuticals include probiotics, prebiotics, antioxidants, herbs, vitamins, and minerals. 2. The document discusses several nutraceuticals like spirulina, garlic, fenugreek, ginseng, and their uses in supporting health. For example, spirulina is an immunostimulant and can help treat viral infections, and garlic has antihypertensive and anticancer properties. 3. The Indian nutraceutical market was valued at $1.48 billion in 2011 and is projected to reach $2.73 billion by 2016, demonstrating

1. NUTRACEUTICALS: Let
Food be Your Medicine
Monika Prakash Singh
Assistant Professor
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Shoolini University
solan
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2. Greek Physician Hippocrates, Known as
father of Medicine.
(said several centuries ago)
“Let Food be Your Medicine”
The Philosophy behind is: “Focus on
Prevention”
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3. • The term “Nutraceutical” was coined from
“Nutrition” & “Pharmaceutical” in 1989 by
Stephen DeFelice, MD, Founder and Chairman
of the Foundation for Innovation in Medicine
(FIM).
• Nutraceutical can be defined as:
“ A food or part of food or nutrient, that provides
health benefits, including the prevention and
treatment of a disease.”
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4. SCOPE OF NUTRACEUTICALS
S.No
.
Disease Nutraceuticals Scope
1 Joint health Glucosamine Found in ligaments ,cartilages
,tissue, tendons
Chondroitin Proteoglycans of articular
cartilage
2 Cardiovascular health Co Q-10 Soyabean ,olive oil
Melatonin Bone marrow ,pineal glands
DHA Fish oil
Reseveratrol Grapes, red wine
Caretonoids Carrot ,sweet potato
Catechin Tea extracts
3 Eye health DHA Linseed (flax oil),fish oil
Pycnogeal Barley
Caretonoids Carrot ,sweet potatoes
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5. S.No. Disease Nutraceuticals Scope
4 Cancer prevention DHA Flax
seed,linseed,fish oil
Resveratrol Red wine,grapes
Lycopene Tomatoes ,grape
fruit
Tea extracts (ellagic
acid)
Strawberry
,Raspberry
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Nutraceuticals are often used in nutrient premixes or nutrient systems in the
food and pharmaceutical industries. The Indian nutraceutical market
valued at $ 1,480 million in 2011 could grow to $ 2,731 million in 2016, a
report said today.

6. Advantage of Nutraceuticals
• Nutraceutical have the potential to play a role in healthy eating
and to contribute to the prevention and treatment of diseases so
that how functional components in foods could expand the role
of disease prevention and treatment.
• The nutraceuticals are preferred due to-
• Since new molecule is difficult to discover and more
expensive and risky then ever before, many pharmaceutical
companies are now trying to nutraceuticals so that there is
undoubtedly a very huge and growing market .
• The belief among consumers that these “food like substances”
are either harmless or least toxic as compared to conventional
pharmaceuticals . Increased healthcare costs with conventional
pharmaceuticals, recent legislation and scientific discoveries.
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7. • Inappropriate dietary habits are seen as contributing to
the leading cause of deaths of due to coronary heart
disease, certain type of cancers etc. The role of
nutraceuticals in treating these conditions is thus
speculated.
• Nutraceuticals are gaining popularity as people are
relying on them for safeguarding their health and
avoiding side effects associated with drugs as well long
history of use and better patient tolerance as well as
public acceptance Plants constitute to be a major source
of new lead generation
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8. CATEGORIES
DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS
Probiotics, Prebiotics,
Antioxidants, Enzymes,
etc.
HERBAL/
PHYTOCHEMICALS
Herbs or Botanical
products.
NUTRIENTS Vitamins, Minerals, Amino
Acids, Fatty acids, etc.
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9. • Probiotic
• Probiotics are live microbial food ingredients, which are beneficial
to health.Colon is the most densely populated region of the
gastrointestinal tract and harbors an estimated 500 different bacterial
species.
• Probiotic bacterial species
The various types of bacteria that are having the probiotics
characteristics are:
Lactobacilli
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Lactobacillus reuteri
Lactobacillus case
Bifidobacterium breve
Streptococcus
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10. PREBIOTICS
• Prebiotics are the substances, which reach to colon in intact
form i.e. without getting depleted by the gastric pH and
digestive acids.
• These prebiotics also selectively promote the growth of
colonel probiotic bacteria; hence they act as fertilizers for
these bacteria.
• These are collective term for non-digestive but a
fermentable dietary carbohydrate that may selectively
stimulates growth of certain bacterial groups’ resident in the
colon, such as Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli considered to be
beneficial for the human host.
• inulin, which is soluble dietary fibres and resistant to
digestive enzyme and thus reaches to large intestine or
colon essentially intact, where it is fermented by resistant
bacteria, Lactobacilli.
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11. ANTIOXIDANTS
• Antioxidants are quite large in number and diverse in nature which
oppose the process of oxidation largely by neutralizing free radicals
at relatively small concentrations have the potential to inhibit to
inhibit the oxidants chain reactions .
• Dietary antioxidants and some accessory molecules, such as zinc
and certain vitamins are important in maintaining free radical
scavenging systems, biosynthetic capacity, membranes, enzymes .
• Antioxidants are found in the vegetable oils. eg- Soybean oil, canola
oil, corn oil, oat oil, wheat germ oil, palm oil, evening prime rose
oil.
• Like tocopherols (vitamin E) lower the susceptibility of LDL
oxidation and also reduce platelet’s role in thrombus formation.
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12. Herbals
• Herbals
• Aloe vera: Anti-inflammatory, emollient, wound healing,
• Evening Primrose oil: Dietary supplement of linoleic acid, treatment
of atopic eczema,
• Garlic: Antibacterial, antifungal, antithrombotic, antiinflammatory,
• Ginger: carminative, antiemetic, treatment of dizziness
• Ginseng: Adaptogen,
• Green tea: Antioxidant, reduces risk of CVD, enhances humoral and
cell mediated Immunity,
Vegetables, fruits, whole grain, herbs, nuts and various seeds
contain an abundance of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, sulphur
compounds, pigments etc. that has been associated with protection /
treatment of certain disease conditions,
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13. Phytochemicals:
• Phytochemicals could provide health benefits
as:
1. Substrate for biochemical reactions
2. Cofactors of enzymatic reactions
3. Inhibitors of enzymatic reactions
4. Absorbents that bind to & eliminate
undesirable constituent in the intestine.
5. Scavengers of reactive or toxic chemicals
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14. Various Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals Source Role
Tocotrienols &
tocopherols
Grains Suppressed the growth of diverse tumors cell lines via
initiation of apoptosis and concomitant arrest of cells
in the G1 phase of the cell
Carotenoids Fruits &
vegetables
Antioxidants, protects against uterine, prostate,
colorectal, lung and digestive tract cancers, and
protection to other antioxidants.
Flavonoids Grapes,
wines
Action against free radicals, free radicals mediated
cellular signaling, inflammation, allergies, platelet
aggregation, & hepatotoxins
Catechin & gallic
acids
Grapes,
berries,
cocoa,
green tea,
acacia spp.
Antioxidants, free radical scavenging ability, inhibition
of eicosanoid synthesis, reduces CHD
Isoflavonoids Soybeans Treating cancers & osteoporosis
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15. Vitamins Fat Soluble Vitamins
• Vitamin A :Acts as antioxidant, essential for growth and
development, maintains healthy vision, skin and mucous
membranes, may aid in the prevention and treatment of
certain cancers and in the treatment of certain skin
disorders.
• Vitamin D: Essential for formation of bones and teeth,
helps the body to absorb and use calcium.
• Vitamin K : Essential for blood clotting.
• Vitamin E : Antioxidant, helps to form blood cells, boosts
immune system
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16. Water Soluble Vitamins
• Vitamin B 1 : Helps in carbohydrate metabolism, essential for
neurological function.
• Vitamin C : Antioxidant, necessary for healthy bones, gums, teeth
and skin. Helps in wound healing, prevent from common cold.
• Vitamin B 2 : Energy metabolism, maintain healthy eye, skin and
nerve function.
• Vitamin B 3 : Energy metabolism, brain function.
• Vitamin B 6 : Helps to produce essential proteins, convert proteins
in to energy.
• Vitamin B 12 : Help in producing genetic material, formation of
RBC, maintenance of CNS, synthesis of amino acids, involved in
metabolism of protein, fat and carbohydrate.
• Folic acid : Helps in RBC formation, formation of genetic material
of cell, very much essential during pregnancy.
• Pantothenic acid : Aids in synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and
fatty acids, crucial for intraneuronal synthesis of acetylcholine
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17. Vitamins like Compounds
• L- Carnitine: Helps in oxidation of fatty acids, role in
oxidative phosphorylation,
• Choline: Lipotropic agent, used to treat fatty liver and
disturbed fat metabolism,
• Inositol: For amino acid transport and movement of Potassium
and sodium,
• Taurine: Helps in retinal photoreceptor activity, bile acid
conjugation, WBC antioxidant activity, CNS neuromodulation,
platelet aggregation, cardiac contractibility, sperm motility,
insuline activity,
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18. Minerals:
Calcium: essential for bone and teeth, maintaining bone strength,
nerve, muscle and glandular function, blood clotting.
Iron: energy production, Hb, oxygen transport.
Magnesium: for healthy nerve and muscle function, bone
formation.
Phosphorous: energy production, phosphorylation process, bone
and teeth, for genetic material.
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19. NUTRACEUTICALS AVAILABLE
IN MARKET
Brand name Components Function
Betatene Carotenoids Immune function
Xangold Lutein esters Eye health
Lipoec alpha-lipoic acid Potent antioxidant
Generol Phytosterol CHD reduction
Premium probiotics probiotics Intestinal disorder
Soylife Soyabean phytoestrogen Bone health
Z-trim Wheat Zero calorie fat replacer
Linumlife Lignan extract flax Prostate health
Fenulife Fenugreek galactomannon Control blood sugar
Teamax Green tea extract Potent antioxidant
Marinol ω 3 FA, DHA, EPA ˚ Heart health protection
Clarinol CLA Weight loss ingredient
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20. Market of Neutraceutical in India &
Worldwide
INDIA
Worldwide
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21. SPIRULINA
• SOURCE : Spindina platensis or s.maxima
• FAMILY : Oscillatoriaceae
• CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Gamma linoleic acid, Oleic
acid , Glycolipids and sulpholipids. Rich in vitamin B and
betacarotenes. Phycocyanin.
• USES :
 Immunostimulant activity.
 Management of HIV and other viral infections such as herpes,
cytomegalovirus, influenza, mumps
 To treat arthritis, atherosclerosis, diabetes and aging process
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22. GARLIC
• SOURCE : Bulbs of Allium sativum
• FAMILY: Liliaceae
• CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS : Allicin , allin , ajoene
• USES :
 In treatment of hyperlipidaemia.
 It shows antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, anti spasmodic
activity.
 Prevents colon and lung cancers.
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23. FENUGREEK
• SOURCE : Trigonella foenum-graecum
• FAMILY: Leguminoseae
• CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS :Alkaloids (gentianine and
trigonelline) flavanoids, coumarins, proteins,amino acids,
steroid saponins.
• USES :
 In treatment of anorexia, gastritis.
 Fenugreek possess laxative, expectorant, demulcent properties.
 Shows hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic properties
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24. GINSENG
• SOURCE : Panax ginseng
• FAMILY: Araliaceae
• CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Protopanaxadiol Polysaccharides
Starch, sterols Polyacetylenes, choline, Vitamins B1,B2,B12,
Pantothenic acid, biotin.
• USES :
• Ginseng helps the body to cope with stress and fatigue
• In treatment of hypertension and hypoglycemia
• Modifies liver function and metabolism.
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25. Alfaalfa
• Source: Medicago sativa
• Family: Fabaceae
• Chemical constituents:
Flavones, isoflavones, sterols, and coumarin derivatives, protein and
vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin
K, calcium, potassium, iron, and zinc.
Uses:
 Maintain healthy cholesterol level
 used to support healthy lactation in women, due to its high
nutritional profile.
 Additionally the rich mineral content could promote the healthy
growth of hair, skin and nail tissue, while also providing a source of
antioxidants.
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26. Chicory
• Source: Cichorium intybus
• Family: Asteraceae
• Chemical constituents:
• Inulin,
• Lactucopicrin
• Chicoric acid
• Lactucin
• Uses:Chicory root is a good source of inulin, a type
of prebiotic fiber that has been linked to increased weight loss and
improved gut health.
Chicory is used for high blood pressure, heart failure, loss of
appetite, upset stomach, constipation, liver and gallbladder
disorders, cancer, and rapid heartbeat.
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27. Ginger
• Source: Zingiber officinale
• Family: Zingiberaceae,
• Chemical onstituents:ginger result from volatile oil that
compose 1-3% of the weight of fresh ginger, primarily
consisting of Zingerone, shogaols and gingerols.
• Uses:
• Ginger is commonly used for various types of "stomach
problems," including motion sickness, morning sickness, colic,
upset stomach, gas, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),
• nausea, nausea caused by cancer treatment,
• nausea caused by HIV/AIDS treatment,
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28. Honey
• Source: Honey is the saccharine liquid prepared from the
nectar of the flowers by the hive-bee Apis mellifica and bees
of other species of Apis.
• Family:Apidae
• Chemical constituents:• Glucose (35%), Fructose (45%),
Sucrose (2%),Maltose, Invertase, Crystallised dextrose is called
Granulated Honey
• USES:
• Sweetening agent
• Antiseptic, can be applied on burns and wounds
• Vehicle for several preparations
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29. Amla
• SOURCE : Phyllanthus emblica
• FAMILY : Phyllanthaceae
• CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
• Good source of Vit.C (Ascorbic Acid), ellagitannins,such
as emblicanin A, emblicanin B, punigluconin,
and pedunculagin
• USES :
 In Ayurvedic polyherbal formulationssuch as Chyawanprash.
 Popularly used in inks, shampoosand hair oils, the
high tannin content of Indian gooseberry fruit serves as
a mordant for fixing dyes in fabrics.
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30. Ashwagandha
• SOURCE : Withania somnifera
• FAMILY : Solanaceae
• CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
• The main phytochemical constituents are withanolides– which
are triterpene lactones – withanolides, withaferin
A, alkaloids, steroidal lactones, tropine, and cuscohygrine
• USES :
 Ashwagandha is also used as an "adaptogen" to help the body
cope with daily stress, and as a general tonic.
 Some people also use ashwagandha for improving thinking
ability, decreasing pain and swelling (inflammation), and
preventing the effects of aging
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