This document discusses nursing as a profession. It defines nursing according to various experts throughout history, showing how the definition has evolved. Nursing aims to promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping. Nurses take on various roles such as caregiver, communicator, and leader. They work within an organizational structure and perform independent, dependent, and interdependent functions. A professional nurse is licensed and accountable. Qualities of a good nurse include being caring, competent, and maintaining current professional knowledge.

1. NURSING AS A
PROFESSION
P R O F W I L M A V A L S A L A N
V I C E P R I N C I P A L
P D H I N D U J A C O L L E G E O F N U R S I N G

2. WHAT IS A PROFESSION ?
• Professions have the following characteristics:
• 1. Extended education of members
• 2. A theoretical body of knowledge
• 3. Provides specific & essential service
• 4. Autonomous decision making
• 5. Code of ethics

3. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
Nursing ought to signify the proper use of fresh air, warmth,
cleanliness, quiet and the proper selection and administration of
diet – all at the least expense of the vital power of the patient.
Florence Nightingale

4. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• Nursing is that service to an individual that helps him to
attain or maintain a health state of mind or body..
Harmer & Henderson, 1939

5. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• Nursing is a significant, therapeutic interpersonal
process.
H E Paplau, 1952

6. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• The unique function of the nurse is to assist the
individual, sick or well, in the performance of those
activities contributing to health (or its recovery or to a
peaceful death) that he would perform unaided , if he had
the necessary strength , will or knowledge.
Virginia Henderson, 1955

7. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• Nursing is defined as a theoretical system of
knowledge which prescribes a process of analysis and
action, related to the care of the ill or potentially ill.
Sr Calista Roy, 1979

8. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• Nursing is a process by which the patient is assisted in
maintenance and promotion of his independence.
K E Barnard, 1981

9. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• Nursing is a process of action, reaction, interaction &
transaction whereby Nurses assist individuals of any
age, socioeconomic group to meet their basic needs, in
performing activities of daily living & to cope with
health or illness of any particular time during the life
cycle.
Imogene King

10. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING
• Nursing encompasses autonomous & collaborative care of
individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick
or well, & in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of
health, prevention of illness and care of ill, disabled & dying
people.
ICN, 2002

11. Class Activity:
Critical analysis of Definitions of Nursing from
earliest to current, and relate to evolution of
nursing as a profession & the role of nurses

12. AIMS OF NURSING
Promotion of health and wellness
Prevention of illness
Restoring health
Facilitating coping

13. Promotion
of Health &
Wellness
Health
Services
Community
Health
Education
Periodic
Physical
Examination
Environmental
& Occupational
Safety
Legislation
Promotion of
health and
wellness

14. PROMOTION OF HEALTH AND
WELLNESS
• Periodic Physical Examination
• Health Services
• Community Health Education
• Environmental & Occupational Safety
• Legislation

15. PREVENTION
OF ILLNESS
Preventing
Illness
Personal
Example
Vaccination
Health
Education
Community
Programs
Literature

16. PREVENTION OF ILLNESS
• Personal Example
• Health Education
• Community Programs
• Vaccinations
• Literature

17. RESTORING
HEALTH
Restoring
Health
Direct Care
Diagnostic
Measurement
s
Referring
Abnormal
Findings
Rehabilitatio
n

18. RESTORING HEALTH
• Direct Care
• Diagnostic Measurements
• Referring Abnormal Findings
• Rehabilitation

19. FACILITATING
COPING
Facilitating
Coping
Coping
with
Altered
Function
Coping
with
Death

20. FACILITATING COPING
• Coping with Altered Function
• Coping with Death

21. Class Activity:
Students discuss in pairs, examples of activities
they can undertake this year, for each Aim of
Nursing

22. ROLES OF A NURSE
Caregiver
Communicator
Teacher / Educator
Counselor

23. ROLES OF A NURSE
Leader
Researcher
Advocate
Manager

24. CAREER ROLES OF A NURSE
Nurse Educator
Clinical Nurse Specialist
Nurse Practitioner
Certified Nurse Midwife
Nurse Anesthetist
Nurse Administrator
Nurse Researcher

25. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
CEO
Director
Professional
Services
Director
Support
Services
Director
Finance
Director
Projects
Director
Nursing
Principal
CON

26. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Director
Nursing
Nurse
Managers
Nursing
Supervisors
Head
Nurses
Staff Nurses
Nurses
Aides

27. FUNCTIONS IN NURSING
Independent Nursing Functions
Dependent Nursing Functions
Interdependent Nursing Functions

28. INDEPENDENT NURSING FUNCTIONS
• The nurse decides that a certain
action has to be taken in the care of a
patient & either does it herself or
delegates the responsibility to
another
• Eg. Giving mouthcare

29. DEPENDANT NURSING FUNCTIONS
• The nurse carries out certain of
her responsibilities under legal
orders or under direction /
supervision of another health
professional.
• Eg. Administering medicines

30. INTERDEPENDENT NURSING
FUNCTIONS
• Certain decisions regarding
nursing actions, are made
jointly by 2 or more members
of the health team
• Eg. Team conference for
rehabilitation of a patient

31. WHO IS A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
• A professional nurse is one who after
12 years of basic education, has
received Nursing education & training
in a recognized, accredited school/
college of nursing, and who is
registered & licensed to practice by
the state Council of Nursing

32. WHO IS A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
• She functions as a 1st level Nurse
& is responsible for planning,
implementing & evaluating
nursing care in all settings. As a
professional she is accountable
for all the actions she takes in
patient care

33. QUALITIES OF A NURSE - PERSONAL
• Loving, understanding, caring
• Poised
• Self- disciplined, competent
• Honest / loyal, courageous
• Presentable personal appearance
• Maintaining good health – physical & mental

34. QUALITIES OF A NURSE -
PROFESSIONAL
• Ability to evaluate quality & effectiveness of care
• Evaluates own practice in relation to professional
standards of nursing practice & relevant regulations
• Acquires & maintains current knowledge

35. QUALITIES OF A NURSE -
PROFESSIONAL
• Contributes towards professional development of self &
colleagues
• Takes decisions & acts on behalf of patient ethically
• Collaborates with other health care providers in giving
care

36. QUALITIES OF A NURSE -
PROFESSIONAL
• Conducts research & uses research findings to improve
quality of care
• Considers factors related to safety, & cost effectiveness
in planning & delivering patient care