This document discusses Kate Morrison's present and past habits and situations. Currently, Kate usually reads fairy tales to her children, tends to go to musicals when she can, and seldom finds time for movies. Her husband goes through phases reading thick novels and is always listening to his iPod. Ten years ago, Kate went to university Monday through Friday, used to study with friends at the library, lived in the UK with her parents, and would go for drinks with friends on Saturdays. The document also discusses using present and past tenses to describe habits and situations.
This lessons gives you an overview of the present perfect tense in English Grammar.
More free lessons can be found on the website of Language Open Learning - http://www.LanguageOpenLearning.com
This lessons gives you an overview of the present perfect tense in English Grammar.
More free lessons can be found on the website of Language Open Learning - http://www.LanguageOpenLearning.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
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The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
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3. Now
• She’ll usually read fairy tales to her children.
• Her husband goes through phases of reading
thick novels.
4. • She tends to go to a good musical whenever she
can.
• She tends not to pay much attention to gossip
magazines.
5. • She seldom gets to find the time for the cinema.
• Her husband is always listening to his iPod.
6. EXPRESSING HABITS
In the present:
• Present simple + expression of frequency
She seldom gets …
• Tend to / Tend not to + INF
She tends to …
She tends not to ...
• Go through phases of + ING (temporary habits)
Her husband goes through phases of …
• Will (emphatic)
She’ll usually read …
• Present Continuous + frequency adverb (annoying)
Her husband is always …. …
7. STATE VERBS
There are some verbs
which are nearly always
used in a simple rather
than a continuous
tense.
These are “state” verbs
and they usually refer to
thoughts, feelings,belonging
and the senses.
9. Some verbs have a stative meaning and
a different active meaning:
She’s got a beautiful house
We’re having an interesting conversation.
It tastes delicious
I’m tasting the sauce.
I think you’ll pass your exam
I’m thinking about you.
10. Ten years ago…
• She went to University from Monday to Friday.
• She used to study with some friends at the
library.
11. • She lived in the UK with her parents.
• She would go for a drink with her friends on
Saturday.
12. PAST SIMPLE
We use “past simple” to:
Talk about permanent, long-term situations in the
past:
She lived with her family.
Refer to past habits:
She went to University from Monday to Friday.
13. USED TO / WOULD
We can use both “used to” and “would” to
talk about past habits when we are
emphasising that they are no longer true:
She used to study at the library
She would go for a drink with her friends
on Saturday.
“Used to” is much more common than would
14. “Used to” can also refer to states:
She used to be crazy about Michael Jackson.
We can’t use “would” for that.
Don’t confuse “used to”, which is a past
tense, with “be/get used to (doing), which
can be present, past or future:
She’s used to living in the States.
She’s getting used to driving to work.
15. How often do you…?
• More than before/I used to/should
• Not as much as I’d like to/I used to/should
• Whenever I can/I get the chance
• All the time
• (not) as a rule, (not) usually
• On the whole, generally
• By and large, generally
• Now and again, once in a while, from time to time
• Once in a blue moon
16. Customs
BE/ GET USED TO + ing:
What’s the difference between these two
sentences?
“I have to get used to going to bed earlier”
“I’m used to going to bed before 10”
17. Now, It’s your turn!
Choose the correct word in italics.
• I didn’t use to/wasn’t used to like cooking very much.
• I’m getting used to work/working from home.
• I’m used to/I used to living on my own.
• My family would/were used to always stay in a caravan for their
summer holidays.
• It’s difficult to get/getting used to a different way of life.
18. Finish the sentences so that they are true
for you. Add further information.
- I’m used to …
- When I was young, I would …
- Every now and again I …
- I have never got used to …
- My cousin is always … (complaint)
- … once in a blue moon.
- Your own idea.
19. Tell your partner about…
• a singer/band you used to like when you were younger
(and now you are embarrased about).
• what you would do after school when you were a child.
• a machine you would use a lot but now you don’t.
• a change at work/school/family that was a problem at first
but now you are used to .
• a piece of technology you found difficult to use at first but
now you are used to using.
