This presentation is A Short Notes about Meteorites in North Africa Countries such as "Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia"
Submitted By
Mohamed Mahmoud Ahmed El-shora
M.Sc. Student, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
Mobile: +2- 0111 20 789 26
Email: geomohamedelshora@yahoo.com
Supervised By
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Th.S. Heikal
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
Email: mtheikal@tu.edu.eg & mohamed.heikal2010@yahoo.com
Mineralogical Ambiguity of Lonar EjectaOlympus IMS
Abstract
The comparatively young (50,000 years old) Lonar crater of India is presumably one of the two known terrestrial impact craters that emplaced about 65 million years old Deccan basalt. The impact cratering occurred tens of million years after the formation of the Deccan Basalt and it is very likely that in the meantime the postulated target basalts layers were extensively altered due to weathering. Detailed mineralogical analysis of 6 (six) ejecta samples by XRD (using both Cu and Co source), SEM-EDS revealed that the mineral assemblage of the ejecta primarily consists of andesine [(Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8], diopside [CaMgSi2O6], augite [(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6], carbonates [calcite (CaCO3) and magnesite (MgCO3)]; along with trace amount of magnetite (Fe2O4), hematite (Fe2O3) and low-silica zeolite formed due to low temperature (70o) alteration of low-silica rocks. The prevalence of andesine presents some ambiguity in matching the ejecta with tholeiitic basaltic target and suggest that multiple phases of pre and post-impact alterations probably accountable for the present mineralogical assemblage. The impact cratering probably occurred on the weathered basaltic rocks that was depleted in certain metals and the zeolites probably developed due to post-impact hydrothermal alteration and finally climatic condition probably facilitated the calcification of the ejecta blanket and the preservation of the ejecta fallout.
Mineralogical Ambiguity of Lonar EjectaOlympus IMS
Abstract
The comparatively young (50,000 years old) Lonar crater of India is presumably one of the two known terrestrial impact craters that emplaced about 65 million years old Deccan basalt. The impact cratering occurred tens of million years after the formation of the Deccan Basalt and it is very likely that in the meantime the postulated target basalts layers were extensively altered due to weathering. Detailed mineralogical analysis of 6 (six) ejecta samples by XRD (using both Cu and Co source), SEM-EDS revealed that the mineral assemblage of the ejecta primarily consists of andesine [(Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8], diopside [CaMgSi2O6], augite [(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6], carbonates [calcite (CaCO3) and magnesite (MgCO3)]; along with trace amount of magnetite (Fe2O4), hematite (Fe2O3) and low-silica zeolite formed due to low temperature (70o) alteration of low-silica rocks. The prevalence of andesine presents some ambiguity in matching the ejecta with tholeiitic basaltic target and suggest that multiple phases of pre and post-impact alterations probably accountable for the present mineralogical assemblage. The impact cratering probably occurred on the weathered basaltic rocks that was depleted in certain metals and the zeolites probably developed due to post-impact hydrothermal alteration and finally climatic condition probably facilitated the calcification of the ejecta blanket and the preservation of the ejecta fallout.
What is Geochemical distribution, Geochemical distribution of elements and factors affecting, Why to Study, Types of elements on basis of Geochemical distribution of elements, General Distribution Table, Associated Refrences
The Tectonic and Metallogenic Framework of MyanmarMYO AUNG Myanmar
https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/10689/Cawood_2016_Myanmar_OGR_AM.pdf?sequence=1
The Tectonic and Metallogenic Framework of
Myanmar: A Tethyan Mineral System
Nicholas J. Gardiner1,9*
, Laurence J. Robb1
, Christopher K. Morley2,3
,
Michael P. Searle1
, Peter A. Cawood4
, Martin J. Whitehouse5
,
Christopher L. Kirkland6
, Nick M.W. Roberts7
, Tin Aung Myint8
1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, United
What is Geochemical distribution, Geochemical distribution of elements and factors affecting, Why to Study, Types of elements on basis of Geochemical distribution of elements, General Distribution Table, Associated Refrences
The Tectonic and Metallogenic Framework of MyanmarMYO AUNG Myanmar
https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/10689/Cawood_2016_Myanmar_OGR_AM.pdf?sequence=1
The Tectonic and Metallogenic Framework of
Myanmar: A Tethyan Mineral System
Nicholas J. Gardiner1,9*
, Laurence J. Robb1
, Christopher K. Morley2,3
,
Michael P. Searle1
, Peter A. Cawood4
, Martin J. Whitehouse5
,
Christopher L. Kirkland6
, Nick M.W. Roberts7
, Tin Aung Myint8
1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, United
Chapter 2 Geology of Ethiopia and the Horn. The geology of Ethiopia includes rocks of the Neoproterozoic East African Orogeny, Jurassic marine sediments and Quaternary rift-related volcanism. Events that greatly shaped Ethiopian geology is the assembly and break-up of Gondwanaland and the present-day rifting of Africa.
This power point is important for all Ethiopian first year freshman universities students for the common course of Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn (GeES 1011), It is prepared on the bases of the module with additional explanations, important maps & explanatory images are included.
This power point mainly focuses on the geological history of the Earth in general and Ethiopia in particular. It is the best source of for all first year university freshman student of Ethiopia. if you are studying this course for A+ this material will definitely help. this material proven to be helpful by students of number of universities for the past four years.
METEORITES VS ASTEROIDS VS METEORS VS COMETS METEORITE IMPACTS IN HISTORY
IMPORTANCE OF METEORITES
FORMATION OF ASTEROIDS AND METEOROIDS CLASSIFICATION OF METEORITES
Drilling Operations of Ground Water Wells Up-Geologist Team Zagazig Univ 06-0...Mohamed _el_shora
Introduction about Hydrology.
Planning any project by scientific method.
Understand how Ground Water Wells Drilled.
Types of Pumping Test.
How you can Write the daily Report.
Course Content:
Why do we need geoscientist ?
What we do in the Energy Industry ?
Basic Rig Types& Rig components
The Well-Site Personnel
Drilling Fluids
Mud Logging
Well site geologist duties and responsibilities
Drilling Operations of Ground Water Wells AAPG-TUSC Tanta Univ 05-09-2016Mohamed _el_shora
Introduction about Hydrology.
Planning any project by scientific method.
Understand how Ground Water Wells Drilled.
Types of Pumping Test.
How you can Write the daily Report.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
1. Notes on Meteorites in North Africa
Countries
Prof. Mohamed Th.S. Heikal*
Mohamed M. Elshora**
*Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527,
Egypt
mtheikal@tu.edu.eg & mohamed.heikal2010@yahoo.com
** M.Sc. Student, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University,
Tanta 31527, Egypt
geomohamedelshora@yahoo.com
2.
3. Agenda
Introduction.
Classification of Meteorites.
Meteorites in Egypt.
Meteorites in Libya.
Meteorites in Algeria.
Meteorites in Morocco.
Meteorites in Tunisia.
4. Introduction
Meteorites are rocks that fall to the Earth from space. Meteorites, large and small, have
been hitting our planet for billions of years, and they still hit today. They are collected and
intensely studied by scientists. Meteorites are samples from remote parts of our solar
system, with histories that extend back billions of years.
Most meteorites come from asteroids, rocky bodies orbiting between Mars and Jupiter.
Recently we have learned that a few meteorites have been blasted off the Moon and the
planet Mars.
5. Distinguish between:
Meteoroid : small body in space
Meteor : meteoroid colliding with Earth and producing a visible light trace in the sky
Meteorite : meteor that survives the plunge through the atmosphere to strike the ground...
6. Meteor Showers
Most meteors appear in showers, peaking periodically at specific dates of the year.
8. The Origins of Meteorites
Probably formed in the solar nebula, ~ 4.6 billion years ago.
Almost certainly not from comets (in contrast to meteors in meteor
showers!).
Probably fragments of stony-iron planetesimals
Some melted by heat produced by 26Al decay (half-life ~ 715,000 yr).
26Al
possibly provided by a nearby supernova, just a few 100,000 years
before formation of the solar system (triggering formation of our sun?).
Planetesimals cool and differentiate
Collisions eject material from different depths with different compositions
and temperatures.
Meteorites can not have been broken up from planetesimals very long ago
so remains of planetesimals should still exist.
9. Classification of Meteorites:
1-Chondrites: relatively unaltered, formed as aggregates of
primitive solar system material, unmelted asteroids, chondrules
usually present, 86% of falls.
1-
2-
2-Achondrites: processed by melting, formed from
magma, crust or mantle of asteroid, no chondrules, 8% of falls.
3-Iron meteorites: processed by melting, asteroidal core, 7% of
falls.
4-Stony-iron meteorites: processed by melting, core-mantle
boundary of asteroid, 1% of falls.
3-
4-
15. Gebel Kamil
22°01’06"N, 26°05’16"E
East Uweinat Desert, Egypt.
Found: 19 February 2009
Classification: (M. D’Orazio, DST-PI; Luigi
Folco, MNA-SI) Iron meteorite
(ungrouped), Ni-rich ataxite, extensive shear
deformation and low weathering.
Specimens: Type specimen of
approximately 15 kg and one section
atMNA-SI; approximately 5 kg at DST-PI.
Main mass of the recovered specimens at
Egyptian Geological Museum (Mineral
Resources Authority), Cairo, Egypt.
Fig 1. Kamil Crater, southern Egypt.
A: Enhanced true color QuickBird
satellite image (22 October 2005;
courtesy of Telespazio).
B: View of crater from west.
16. Gebel Kamil
Physical characteristics: A 634 g type
specimen, measuring 88·70·55 mm, is
flattened and jagged shrapnel with a
rough, dark-brown external surface. The
surface originally sitting in the desert soil
shows some oxy-hydroxides due to terrestrial
weathering.
Geochemistry: Composition of the metal
(ICP-MS; D’Orazio and Folco, 2003) is Co =
0.75, Ni = 19.8 (both in wt%), Cu = 464, Ga =
49, Ge = 121, As = 15.6, Mo = 9.1, Ru = 2.11,
Rh = 0.75, Pd = 4.8, Sn = 2.49, Sb = 0.26, W =
0.66, Re = 0.04, Ir = 0.39, Pt = 3.5, Au = 1.57
(all in ppm).
Fig 2. An ~3-kg shrapnel of the associated iron
meteorite.
17.
18. Isna
Place of find: About 100 km SW of Isna, on
the Nile River near Luxor, Egypt “24°50'N,
31°40'E”.
Date of find: 1970
Class and type: Stone. Carbonaceous
chondrite (C3, Ornans subtype).
Number of individual specimens: 1, Total
weight: 23 kg.
19. Isna
Circumstances of find: Found by
Mohammad El Hinnawi of the Geological
Survey of Egypt; main mass is preserved
at the Geological Museum, Cairo.
Sources: Letter from Dr. Darwish Mostafa
Al-Far, Director, Geological Museum,
Cairo, September 2, 1974. R. L. Methot, A.
F. Noonan, E. Jarosewich, A. A.
DeGasparis and D. M. Al-Far. 1975.
Mineralogy, petrology and chemistry of
the Isna (C3)
meteorite.Meteoritics, 10, 121-131.
21. Dar al Gani 005 (CO3)
Latitude:
27°09.39'N
Longitude:
15°57.15'E
Mass (g):
1932
Pieces:
1
Class:
CO3
Fayalite (mol%):
15.5 (0.3-85)
Ferrosilite (mol%):
3.2 (1.2-14)
Main mass:
anonymous finder
22. Hammadah al Hamra 236 (L4)
Date:
1997
Latitude:
28°31.58'N
Longitude:
13°03.91'E
Mass (g):
8261
Pieces:
many
Class:
L4
Fayalite (mol%):
24.1
Ferrosilite (mol%):
20.6
23. Werdama
32°47.839′N, 21°47.228′E
Werdama village, Al-Beda, Al-Jabal AlAkhdar, Libya.
Fall: 21 May 2006, 7:30 a.m. local time (UT+2)
Classification: Ordinary chondrite (H5), S1, W0.
Type specimens: Main mass of 2 kg (20 cm in
length) and 300 g are deposited in GMAlBeda
Geological Museum, and 250 g in PDAlBeda; 2 g
and four thin sections are deposited in UWroc.
24. Werdama
History (M. Abu Anbar, TantaU; R. Kryza, UTWroc, T. Przylibski, WTWroc, and G. El Bahariya,
TantaU): A bombing sound and cloud of dust was observed in the village during the infall
on an apple farm. A crater of 30 × 20 cm and ~10 cm deep. No exact information about
the meteorite finder. (probably, the owner of the apple farm). Geologist Mohamed Abu
Anbar, TantaU got a few pieces for research from the finder during his visit to the site,
shortly after the fall.
Physical characteristics: Reportedly, five pieces were found, with estimated total mass
about 4–5 kg. The diameter of the stone was about 25 cm and it had a light gray color, a
brown to black fusion crust ~1 mm thick.
Geochemistry: Olivine (Fo79.7, Fa 19.7); pyroxene (Wo 1.3En81.0 Fs17.7); feldspar (Ab
82.8An11.8 Or5.4 ): kamacite (Ni 6.1–9.4 wt%); taenite (Ni =27.4–51.8 wt%).
26. Northwest Africa 778 (H4)
Origin or
pseudonym:
El Mahbes
Date:
1999
Latitude:
29°25'N
Longitude:
5°16'W
Mass (g):
9747
Pieces:
3
Class:
H4
Fayalite (mol%):
17.5
Type spec mass (g): 70
Main mass:
Pani
27.
28. Northwest Africa 059 (H3.9/4)
Origin or pseudonym:
El Aouina Souatar
Latitude:
31°50'N
Longitude:
2°56'W
Mass (g):
27 kg
Pieces:
several
Class:
H3.9/4
Fayalite (mol%):
19
Ferrosilite (mol%):
16.6
Main mass:
JNMC
Comments:
Fragments were found in two
different, unknown localities,
but all of those examined are
similar to each other, and all
material has been mixed
together.
29.
30. Northwest Africa 4482
Algeria
Find: August 2006
History: G. Hupé purchased the sample in August 2006 in Tagounite, Morocco.
Physical characteristics: The meteorite consists of a total of 30 dark, magnetic fragments containing
yellowish-green silicate in a dark brown matrix.The fragments have a combined weight of 5816 g.
Mineral compositions and geochemistry: Olivine (Fa12.2-13.0, FeO/MnO = 41.1-42.5). Oxygen
Isotopes: (D. Rumble, CIW) analysis of acid-washed handpicked olivine by laser fluorination gave δ18O
= 3.65, δ17O = 1.72, Δ17O = -0.198(all in ‰).
Classification: Pallasite (main group). The original metal in this specimen is almost entirely weathered
to iron hydroxides.
Specimens: A total of 20.1 g of sample, one polished thin section and one polished mount are on
deposit at UWS. GHupé holds the main mass.
33. Toufassour
29°39′.135 N, 07°44′.958 W
Toufassour, Tata, Morocco
Find: 16 November 2007
Classification: Mesosiderite. Moderately
to significantly weathered, depending on
the grain size.
Type specimens: 2 polished thin sections
and 89.6 g at IZU, one polished thin
section and 22 g atUPVI. An anonymous
dealer holds 300 g.
34. Toufassour
Physical characteristics: The fusion crust is
absent and the surface appears dark
brown. Larger nodules of metal protrude
here and there, and larger inclusions of
silicates are seen, as greenish spots. Many of
the smaller specimens were rich in
metal, the phase, which best resisted
weathering.
Mineral compositions and geochemistry
(EMPA): Pyroxene FeO/MnO =27, En70
Fs26Wo4 to En 59 Fs33Wo8 . Chromite Cr/(Cr
+ Al) =0.76. Plagioclase Ab7, An 93 .
Kamacite, Ni =6%. Merrillite contains
significant amounts of MgO.
35.
36. Tamdakht (H5)
31°09.8′N, 7°00.9′W
Tamdakht, (Ouarzazate) Morocco
Fall: 20 December 2008, 22:37 hrs (local time;
UT+00)
Classification: Ordinary chondrite (H5), S3, W0.
Type specimens: A mass of 21 g and one polished
section provided by P. Thomas are on deposit at
UPVI. 1 piece of 15.8 g provided by L. Labenne
and small fragments totaling 20 g at UHAC. Two
pieces 10.4 g and 8.6 g at MBE(B. Hoffman),
Svend Buhl 2 kg; Meteoritica (PThomas) 2.65 kg; M.
Zeroual 20 kg, main mass anonymous finder.
37. Tamdakht (H5)
Physical characteristics: Total weight is presently estimated to be 100 kg.
Pieces recovered as of February 15, 2009, are 30 kg, 1.5 kg, 3.8 kg, 3.69
kg, 2.4 kg, 1.5 kg, 1 kg, 800 g, and 399 g. One major fragment of 1.7 kg and
many small pieces from the same stone (ranging 500 to below 1 g) were
also recovered. The largest fragment shows a nearly complete dull gray
fusion crust, other pieces are 90% crusted to free of crust, often broken
along preexisting fractures. Thick fusion crust, locally more than 1 mm.
Mineral compositions and geochemistry: log χ = 5.3. Olivine Fa18 ± 0.5 Opx =
En83 Fs16 Wo2 Minor calcic pyroxene. Plagioclase is Ab83–86 An5–15 Or7–2. Caphosphate (merrillite and Cl-apatite). Chromite: Cr# (100× molar Cr/[Cr +
Al]) = 82. Metal: kamacite with 5% Ni and taenite with 36–47% Ni. Oxygen
isotopes (C. Suavet, J. Gattacecca CEREGE): δ17O = 3.26‰, δ18O =
5.01‰, and Δ17O = 0.65‰. Magnetic susceptibility is log χ = 5.3 × 10–
9 m3/kg.
40. Hezma MB91
33°15′N, 10°28′E
Hezma, Tunisia
Find: 31 March 2002
Classification: Ordinary chondrite (L5/6);
S3, W1–2.
Type specimen: 12 g and one polished
thin section are on deposit at Mün. An
anonymous finder, who is Tunisian, holds
the main mass.
History and physical characteristics: A
single rock of 62 g was found ~10 km
south of Medenine in the Hezma area.
Petrography and mineral compositions: (T.
Jording and A. Bischoff, Mün) Fa 24 and
Fs20.5.
41. Metameur 001 MB91
33°21′24N, 10°24′32′′E
Metameur, Tunisia
Find: 4 December 2005
Classification: Ordinary chondrite (LL6);
S5, W1.
Type specimen: A 30 g sample and one
polished thin section are on deposit at
Mün. An anonymous finder, who is
Tunisian, holds the main mass.
History and physical characteristics: A
single stone of 748 g was found ~6 km
west of the city of Medenine in the district
of the small town of Metameur.
Petrography and geochemistry: (T.
Jording and A. Bischoff, Mün): Fa 32 and
Fs26.
42. Metameur 002 MB91
33°21′09N, 10°26′01′′E
Metameur, Tunisia
Find: 25 December 2005
Classification: Ordinary chondrite (H4); S2,
W3–4.
Type specimen: A 5 g sample and one
polished thin section are on deposit in
Mün. An anonymous finder, who is
Tunisian, holds the main mass.
History and physical characteristics: A
small single stone of 17 g was found in the
district of the small town of Metameur.
Petrography and geochemistry: (T.
Jording and A. Bischoff, Mün) Fa 18.5 and
Fs16.
43. Metameur 003 MB91
33°24.2′N, 10°27.5′E
Metameur, Tunisia
Find: 25 February 2005
Classification: Ordinary chondrite (L4);
S3,W3.
Type specimen: 22 g and one polished
thin section are on deposit at Mün. An
anonymous finder, who is Tunisian, holds
the main mass.
History and physical characteristics: A
single rock of 126 g was found in the
district of the small town of Metameur.
Petrography and geochemistry: (T.
Jording and A. Bischoff, Mün) Fa 26 and
Fs19.5±3.2(pyroxene is still slightly
unequilibrated).