Note on FLOORS (BUILDING TECHNOLOGY).pdf

1. TOPIC- FLOORS

6. TYPES OF UPPER FLOOR
1.SELF -CENTERING FLOOR
A self-centering floor refers to a type of floor system that is designed to return to its original position after
being subjected to external forces or loads. This type of floor is commonly used in seismic-resistant
construction, as it is able to withstand the lateral forces caused by an earthquake and return to its original
position afterwards. It can be achieved through various methods like seismic isolation bearings, base
isolation, or through passive and active control systems.
2.PARTIALLY SELF-CENTERING FLOOR
A partially self-centering floor refers to a type of floor system that is designed to return to a certain degree
of its original position after being subjected to external forces or loads, but not completely. This type of
floor is also commonly used in seismic-resistant construction, as it is able to provide some degree of
protection against the lateral forces caused by an earthquake. It can be achieved through various methods
like seismic isolation bearings, base isolation, or through passive and active control systems. The self-
centering effect of a partially self-centering floor is typically not as strong as that of a fully self-centering
floor, but it can still help to reduce damage and increase safety in the event of an earthquake.
3.NON SELF-CENTERING FLOOR
A non self-centering floor refers to a type of floor system that does not have the ability to return
to its original position after being subjected to external forces or loads. This type of floor is not
designed to withstand significant lateral forces, such as those caused by an earthquake, and may
not provide adequate protection against damage or collapse in seismic events. Non self-centering
floor systems are typically not used in seismic-resistant construction and are less safe than self-
centering floor systems. In other words, it does not have any mechanisms to dissipate the energy
from the seismic forces and does not have the ability to return to its original position after the
seismic event.

7. FORMWORK FOR UPPER FLOOR
Formwork is a temporary structure used to support and shape freshly placed concrete while it
sets and hardens. Formwork for an upper floor typically consists of a system of wooden or metal
panels that are assembled to create a mold for the concrete. The formwork will be used to shape
the concrete slab for the upper floor, and it is important that the formwork is level and stable to
ensure that the finished floor is also level and stable.
The formwork for upper floor can be of two types:
1. Traditional formwork: This type of formwork is made of timber and steel. The timber is
used to make the vertical sides of the formwork and the steel is used to make the
horizontal parts. It is a labor-intensive process and requires skilled labor.
2. Modular formwork is a type of formwork that is made up of modular panels that can be
easily assembled and disassembled. These panels are made of materials such as
aluminum, steel, or plastic, and are designed to be used multiple times. Modular
formwork systems are often preferred for construction projects because they are faster
and more efficient than traditional formwork systems, and they require less skilled labor
to install.

8. The modular formwork panels can be of different types, such as:
1. Wall formwork: These panels are used to create the vertical walls of a building. They can
be adjusted to fit any wall shape and size.
2. Slab formwork: These panels are used to create the slab of a building, they can be
adjusted to fit any slab shape and size.
3. Column formwork: These panels are used to create the columns of a building, they can be
adjusted to fit any column shape and size.
Modular formwork systems can be used for both residential and commercial construction
projects and can be customized to fit the specific needs of the project. They are also known for
being easy to handle and are less time-consuming to install and remove than traditional
formwork systems.
An additional benefit of using modular formwork systems is that they are often designed to be
reusable, making them a more sustainable option than traditional formwork systems that are
typically used only once.