Nomenclature

Naming Compounds, cations and anions

Elements and symbols that you should know: Part 1 – The obvious ones: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Mg Al Si P

Some more obvious ones: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],18) Calcium 19) Zinc The less obvious ones: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],6) Tin 7) Gold 8) Mercury 9) Lead S Cl Ar Ca Zn Na K Fe Cu Ag Sn Au Hg Pb

Polyatomic ions (-1 charge) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Polyatomic ions (-2 charge) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Polyatomic ions (-3 charge) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Rule 1– If two identical elements combine then the name doesn’t change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],These elements always go around in pairs (diatomic molecules). For example, hydrogen looks like this:

Rule 2 – When two elements join and one is a halogen, oxygen or sulphur the name ends with ____ide e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Rule 3 – When three or more elements combine and two of them are hydrogen and oxygen the name ends with hydroxide e.g. Sodium + hydrogen + oxygen Sodium hydroxide

Rule 4 – When three or more elements combine and one of them is oxygen the ending is _____ate e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Covalent formulae Ionic formulae H 2 O CO 2 NH 3 H 2 O 2 N 2 SO 2 Water Carbon dioxide Ammonia Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulphur dioxide NaCl CaCl 2 MgO HCl H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 NaOH Ca(OH) 2 CaCO 3 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 Sodium chloride Calcium chloride Magnesium oxide Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate Aluminium oxide Iron oxide

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Nomenclature

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