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NOSQL : WHY, WHAT AND
WHEN
Not Only SQL
WHAT IS NOSQL?
Stands for Not Only SQL
Class of non-relational data storage systems
Schema-free
All NoSQL offerings relax one or more of the
ACID properties
WHY NOSQL?
Flexibility
Scalability
Massive data stores
Availability
Lower operational cost
WHO NEEDS IT?
 Explosion of social media sites (Facebook,Twitter) with large data needs
 Rise of cloud-based solutions such asAmazon S3 (simple storage solution)
 Just as moving to dynamically-typed languages (Ruby/ Groovy), a shift to
dynamically-typed data with frequent schema changes
CAPTHEOREM
“Of three properties of shared-data systems
(Consistency, Availability and tolerance to network
Partitions) only two can be achieved at any given
moment in time.”
CAPTHEOREM
• Consistency (all nodes see the same data
at the same time)
CAPTHEOREM
• Consistency (all nodes see the same data
at the same time)
• Availability (a guarantee that every
request receives a response about
whether it succeeded or failed)
CAPTHEOREM
• Consistency (all nodes see the same data
at the same time)
• Availability (a guarantee that every
request receives a response about
whether it succeeded or failed)
• Partition tolerance (the system
continues to operate despite arbitrary
partitioning due to network failures)
ACID PROPERTY
 Atomic: Everything in a transaction succeeds or the entire transaction is rolled
back.
 Consistent: A transaction cannot leave the database in an inconsistent state.
 Isolated:Transactions cannot interfere with each other.
 Durable: Completed transactions persist, even when servers restart etc.
EVENTUAL CONSISTENCY (BASE) != STRONG CONSISTENCY
Eventual consistency (normally asynchronous transactions)
ACID provides strong consistency
• Basically Available
• Soft state
• Eventual consistency
WHY NOT NOSQL
 DRBMS databases and tools are mature
 NoSQL implementations often “alpha”
 Data consistency , transactions
TYPES OF NOSQL DATABASES
Column: Accumulo, Cassandra, Druid
Document: MongoDB , Apache CouchDB , HyperDex
Key-value: Oracle NoSQL , Dynamo , Riak , Redis
Graph: Alegro , Neo4J , Stardog
RDBMSVS. NOSQL
 Strong consistency vs. Eventual consistency
 Big dataset vs. HUGE dataset
 Scaling is possible vs. Scaling is easy
 SQL vs. Map-Reduce
 Good availability vs.Very high availability
PERFORMANCE SQL SERVERVS. MONGO
FEATURES
 Standard DB stuff : Indexing , replication support
 Documents are stored in BSON (binary JSON)
 Any valid JSON can be easily imported and queried
 Schema-less = very flexible
 Easy to install
 Document-oriented = flexible
QUERYING
db.exnum.update({ number : { $gt : 18 } }
$lt - <
$lte - <=
$gt - >
$gte - >=
$ne - !=
Find & Sort & Count
Update  Find  Remove
Shema-less
UPDATE IN DETAIL
UPSAER
Multi-update
In Mongo : db.exnum.update({ number : { $gt : 18 } } ,
{ $set : { type : “A” } } ,
{ multi : true})
In SQL : UPDATE exnum
SET status = “A”
WHERE number > 18
Thanks! Questions?

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No SQL

  • 1. NOSQL : WHY, WHAT AND WHEN Not Only SQL
  • 2. WHAT IS NOSQL? Stands for Not Only SQL Class of non-relational data storage systems Schema-free All NoSQL offerings relax one or more of the ACID properties
  • 3. WHY NOSQL? Flexibility Scalability Massive data stores Availability Lower operational cost
  • 4. WHO NEEDS IT?  Explosion of social media sites (Facebook,Twitter) with large data needs  Rise of cloud-based solutions such asAmazon S3 (simple storage solution)  Just as moving to dynamically-typed languages (Ruby/ Groovy), a shift to dynamically-typed data with frequent schema changes
  • 5. CAPTHEOREM “Of three properties of shared-data systems (Consistency, Availability and tolerance to network Partitions) only two can be achieved at any given moment in time.”
  • 6. CAPTHEOREM • Consistency (all nodes see the same data at the same time)
  • 7. CAPTHEOREM • Consistency (all nodes see the same data at the same time) • Availability (a guarantee that every request receives a response about whether it succeeded or failed)
  • 8. CAPTHEOREM • Consistency (all nodes see the same data at the same time) • Availability (a guarantee that every request receives a response about whether it succeeded or failed) • Partition tolerance (the system continues to operate despite arbitrary partitioning due to network failures)
  • 9. ACID PROPERTY  Atomic: Everything in a transaction succeeds or the entire transaction is rolled back.  Consistent: A transaction cannot leave the database in an inconsistent state.  Isolated:Transactions cannot interfere with each other.  Durable: Completed transactions persist, even when servers restart etc.
  • 10. EVENTUAL CONSISTENCY (BASE) != STRONG CONSISTENCY Eventual consistency (normally asynchronous transactions) ACID provides strong consistency • Basically Available • Soft state • Eventual consistency
  • 11. WHY NOT NOSQL  DRBMS databases and tools are mature  NoSQL implementations often “alpha”  Data consistency , transactions
  • 12. TYPES OF NOSQL DATABASES Column: Accumulo, Cassandra, Druid Document: MongoDB , Apache CouchDB , HyperDex Key-value: Oracle NoSQL , Dynamo , Riak , Redis Graph: Alegro , Neo4J , Stardog
  • 13. RDBMSVS. NOSQL  Strong consistency vs. Eventual consistency  Big dataset vs. HUGE dataset  Scaling is possible vs. Scaling is easy  SQL vs. Map-Reduce  Good availability vs.Very high availability
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  • 17. FEATURES  Standard DB stuff : Indexing , replication support  Documents are stored in BSON (binary JSON)  Any valid JSON can be easily imported and queried  Schema-less = very flexible  Easy to install  Document-oriented = flexible
  • 19. db.exnum.update({ number : { $gt : 18 } } $lt - < $lte - <= $gt - > $gte - >= $ne - !=
  • 20. Find & Sort & Count
  • 21. Update Find Remove Shema-less
  • 24. In Mongo : db.exnum.update({ number : { $gt : 18 } } , { $set : { type : “A” } } , { multi : true}) In SQL : UPDATE exnum SET status = “A” WHERE number > 18