NFAIS Altmetrics Webinar 2014

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This document discusses Mendeley and its role in providing altmetrics and broader definitions of research impact. It describes how Mendeley collects metadata on researchers and documents, including reads, shares, annotations and more to provide recommendations and measure non-traditional impacts. It addresses issues like privacy and attribution but argues altmetrics can show a more complete picture of impact than citations alone by capturing readership sooner and from a wider audience.

How Mendeley illuminates a
broader definition of impact
William Gunn, Ph.D.
Head of Academic Outreach
Mendeley
@mrgunn
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3555-2054

...and aggregates research
data in the cloud
Install
Mendeley Desktop
Mendeley extracts
research data…
Collecting rich signals
from domain experts.

Read papers + keep track of notes
470M documents

New forms of discovery
• Mendeley Suggest
– personalized recommendations based on
reading history
• related articles
– relatedness based on document similarity
• recommender frameworks
– implement recommendations as a service
• third-party recommender services
– serve niche audiences

We are publishing this data to the LOD cloud
http://code-research.eu/

Connecting researchers
Search
Read
Annotate
Organize
Import
Write

Data we collect
• Metadata about the paper
–title, author, tags, annotations,
reads, shares, groups
• Metadata about the researcher
–discipline, educational status,
country, papers they’ve authored,
presentations, expertise

Defining readership
• Each document addition is a
“read”
• stamped with metadata
describing the context of the read
event
• a read is like a citation, but faster
and captures more

research impacts more than authors
http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/

The higher the impact factor, the more
likely the research is to be retracted.
http://iai.asm.org/cgi/reprint/IAI.05661-11v1?view=long&pmid=21825063

Problems with Impact Factor
During discussions with Thomson
Scientific over which article types
in PLoS Medicine the company
deems as “citable,” it became clear
that the process of determining a
journal's impact factor is
unscientific and arbitrary.”
http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030291

Readership vs. citations
• it comes with a payload of
metadata
• it accrues faster
• it illuminates previously
hidden impact

http://arxiv.org/html/1203.4745v1
altmetrics show broader impact

http://dx.doi.org/10.3789/isqv25no2.2013.04

altmetrics show broader impact
http://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Apr-13/AprMay13_Lin_Fenner.html

Issues To Be Addressed
• Identity
• Privacy
• Attribution
• Gaming
• Filtration
standards/
best practice

There is no gold standard
 Amgen: 47 of 53 “landmark” oncology publications could
not be reproduced
 Bayer: 43 of 67 oncology & cardiovascular projects were
based on contradictory results
 Dr. John Ioannidis: 432 publications purporting sex
differences in hypertension, multiple sclerosis, or lung
cancer. Only one data set was reproducible

Cultural skew is important
South America is weak on N.A. social media, strong on Mendeley

What would people build if they
could get the data?
• Impact Story – get credit for all your work
• PLOS ALM – article-level metrics for
papers
• Plum Analytics – bespoke analytics for
libraries (EBSCO)
• Altmetric.com – altmetrics for publishers.
(Digital Science)

www.mendeley.com
william.gunn@mendeley.com
@mrgunn

This document discusses how Mendeley, a research organization tool, provides a broader definition of impact beyond traditional citations. It collects metadata on researchers and their readings and interactions with documents. This data helps provide personalized recommendations and shows how research is being used beyond just citations. It indicates readership is a better indicator of impact than citations alone as it is faster to accrue and captures hidden impacts. The document addresses some issues to consider with alternative metrics and notes cultural differences in social media usage.

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Open scholarship, like open source software, is changing research by making it more collaborative, efficient and sustainable. It allows research to be openly accessible and debugged more easily. Studies show much published research is not reproducible. Open scholarship provides more stakeholders and public support while potentially decreasing costs and barriers to entry over time. Sustainability models include professional services, crowdfunding and leveraging economies of scale since costs of publishing are much lower than current commercial publishers charge. The future of research is in our hands to support open access options and alternatives to impact factors.

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Open Data Bay Area: Interesting Problems in Academic Data

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This document discusses several problems in academic data including: 1. Academic data includes metadata about scholarly outputs but is not like commercial data from companies. 2. Academia has a conservative culture and incentives prioritize publishing over openly sharing data and code. 3. Issues around making data and code citable and improving reproducibility need to be addressed through initiatives like DateCite and CrossRef. 4. Problems like author disambiguation, increasing age of grant awardees, and recommender systems would benefit from better academic data.

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As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus, high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology, and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.

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Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions among stars. Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars. The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun. Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically, the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec. Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software. Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2 s −1 . The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution, with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.

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Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is mitigated, at least in part.

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The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the ‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space, because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago. We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data 1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’ did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.

ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx

PRIYANKA PATEL

With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.

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The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.

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NFAIS Altmetrics Webinar 2014

1. How Mendeley illuminates a broader definition of impact William Gunn, Ph.D. Head of Academic Outreach Mendeley @mrgunn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3555-2054

2. ...and aggregates research data in the cloud Install Mendeley Desktop Mendeley extracts research data… Collecting rich signals from domain experts.

3. Cloud Library Home Work Mobile

4. Shared Folder

5. Read papers + keep track of notes 470M documents

6. Taking some misery out of writing

7. Mendeley Research Catalog

8. Mendeley Research Catalog

9. New forms of discovery • Mendeley Suggest – personalized recommendations based on reading history • related articles – relatedness based on document similarity • recommender frameworks – implement recommendations as a service • third-party recommender services – serve niche audiences

10. Information Extraction

11. We are publishing this data to the LOD cloud http://code-research.eu/

12. Connecting researchers Search Read Annotate Organize Import Write

13. Data we collect • Metadata about the paper –title, author, tags, annotations, reads, shares, groups • Metadata about the researcher –discipline, educational status, country, papers they’ve authored, presentations, expertise

14. 2.7M researchers

15. Defining readership • Each document addition is a “read” • stamped with metadata describing the context of the read event • a read is like a citation, but faster and captures more

16. research impacts more than authors http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/

17. Problems with Impact Factor

18. The higher the impact factor, the more likely the research is to be retracted. http://iai.asm.org/cgi/reprint/IAI.05661-11v1?view=long&pmid=21825063

19. Problems with Impact Factor During discussions with Thomson Scientific over which article types in PLoS Medicine the company deems as “citable,” it became clear that the process of determining a journal's impact factor is unscientific and arbitrary.” http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030291

20. Citations are slow

21. Mendeley is fast

22.

23.

24. Readership vs. citations • it comes with a payload of metadata • it accrues faster • it illuminates previously hidden impact

25. http://arxiv.org/html/1203.4745v1 altmetrics show broader impact

26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3789/isqv25no2.2013.04

27. altmetrics show broader impact http://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Apr-13/AprMay13_Lin_Fenner.html

28. Issues To Be Addressed • Identity • Privacy • Attribution • Gaming • Filtration standards/ best practice

29. There is no gold standard  Amgen: 47 of 53 “landmark” oncology publications could not be reproduced  Bayer: 43 of 67 oncology & cardiovascular projects were based on contradictory results  Dr. John Ioannidis: 432 publications purporting sex differences in hypertension, multiple sclerosis, or lung cancer. Only one data set was reproducible

30. Cultural skew is important South America is weak on N.A. social media, strong on Mendeley

31. What would people build if they could get the data? • Impact Story – get credit for all your work • PLOS ALM – article-level metrics for papers • Plum Analytics – bespoke analytics for libraries (EBSCO) • Altmetric.com – altmetrics for publishers. (Digital Science)

32. www.mendeley.com william.gunn@mendeley.com @mrgunn

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