Fluid Mechanics
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This document discusses fluid mechanics and includes sections on basic principles, instrumentation, and applications. It also discusses laminar and turbulent flow patterns and Bernoulli's principle, which states that for inviscid flow, an increase in speed causes a simultaneous decrease in pressure.
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Fluid Mechanics
- 2. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics • Aneel Ahmad Basic Principles of Fluid Mechanics • Ahmad Nawaz Instrumentation of Fluid Mechanics • Tamoor Tariq Applications of Fluid Mechanics • M. Rizwan
- 5. obey refer Example: = . du/dy Air Water Oil Gasoline Alcohol Kerosene Benzene Glycerine Ketchup, shampoo, blood, paint etc Do not obey refer
- 7. In fluid dynamics, Bernoulli's principle states that for an inviscid flow, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure.
Editor's Notes
- Fluid, fluid mechanics, flow pattern, basic principles, application and uses
- Fluid mechanics deals with the study of all fluids under static and dynamic situations. Fluid mechanics is a branch of continuous mechanics which deals with a relationship between forces, motions, and statical conditions in a continuous material. This study area deals with many and diversified problems such as surface tension, fluid statics, flow in enclose bodies, or flow round bodies (solid or otherwise), flow stability, etc.Fluid mechanics, a special branch of general mechanics, describes the laws of liquid and gas motion.
- Compressible and incompressible fluidDepend onVolume change when pressure or temperature is altered
- The viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid is dependent on the velocity gradient as well as the condition of the fluid.Newtonian Fluidsa linear relationship between shear stress and the velocity gradient (rate of shear),the slope is constantthe viscosity is constantnon-Newtonian fluidsslope of the curves for non-Newtonian fluids variesViscosity, , is a measure of resistance to fluid flow as a result of intermolecular cohesion. In other words, viscosity can be seen as internal friction to fluid motion which can then lead to energy loss. Different fluids deform at different rates under the same shear stress. The ease with which a fluid pours is an indication of its viscosity. Fluid with a high viscosity such as syrup deforms more slowly than fluid with a low viscosity such as water. The viscosity is also known as dynamic viscosity. Units: N.s/m2 or kg/m/sTypical values: Water = 1.14x10-3 kg/m/s; Air = 1.78x10-5 kg/m/s
- Laminar flowLaminar flow generally happens when dealing with small pipes and low flow velocities. Laminar flow can be regarded as a series of liquid cylinders in the pipe, where the innermost parts flow the fastest, and the cylinder touching the pipe isn't moving at all.Shear stress depends almost only on the viscosity - μ - and is independent of density - ρ.Turbulent flow In turbulent flow vortices, eddies and wakes make the flow unpredictable. Turbulent flow happens in general at high flow rates and with larger pipes. Shear stress for turbulent flow is a function of the density - ρ.
- Inviscid means flow of a fluid that is assumed to have no viscosity (i.e no firction forces). Ideal FluidZ=Compressible FactorValue=0,1