The document discusses different network topologies: star, ring, mesh, bus, and hybrid. It provides descriptions of each topology and lists their advantages and disadvantages. A star topology connects all devices to a central hub. A ring topology connects devices in a closed loop, with data traveling in one direction. A mesh topology connects every device directly to every other device. A bus topology connects all nodes to a single cable backbone. A hybrid topology combines two or more topologies to leverage their strengths.

1. Md.Sobuj Hossain
Id:12005026
Topic Name: Network Topologies

2. Discussion Topics
Network Topologies
1.Star Topology
2.Ring Topology
3.Mesh Topology
4.Bus Topology
5.Hybrid Topology

3. Network Topologies
 A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and
connections in a network. Nodes usually include devices such as switches, routers
and software with switch and router features.
 such as: Star Topology, Ring Topology, Mesh Topology, Bus Topology, Hybrid
Topology etc.
Choice of a topology for a computer network depends on a combination of factors
such as
1. Desired performance of the system.
2 Desired reliability of the system.
3. Size of the system.
4. Cost of components and services required to implement the network.
5. Availability of communication lines.
6. Acceptable delays in routing information between two nodes

4. 1.Star Topology
 A star topology is a network
configuration in which all
devices are connected to a
central hub or switch.
 In this topology, each device,
such as computers, printers, or
other networked equipment, has
its cable connecting to the
central hub.
 The central hub is responsible for
managing and directing data
traffic between devices. It can
use on LAN networks due to its
low cost and ease of setup.

5. 1.Star Topology
Advantages of Star Topology
1. Network failure prevention
2. Performance Up gradation
Disadvantages of Star Topology
1. Expensive.
2. Slow connection

6. 2.Ring Topology
 Ring topology is a type of
network configuration where
devices are connected in a
circular manner, forming a
closed loop.
 In this setup, each device is
connected to exactly two other
devices, creating a continuous
pathway for data transmission.
 This means that data travels in
only one direction around the
ring, passing through each
device until it reaches its
destination.

7. 2.Ring Topology
Advantages of Ring Topology
1. Token system
2. Less Cabling.
3. Easier troubleshooting
Disadvantages of Ring Topology
1. Difficult to upgrade
2. Failure of a network

8. 3.Mesh Topology
 A mesh topology is a type
of network configuration
where every device or
node in the network is
connected to every other
device.
 In other words, it's a full-
mesh network where
there is a direct point-to-
point connection
between each pair of
devices

9. 3.Mesh Topology
Advantages of Mesh Topology
1. Consistent
2. High-speed information exchange
3. Easier reconfiguration
Disadvantages of Mesh Topology
1. It can be expensive to implement because each node needs its
own dedicated connection to every other node in the network. This
can make mesh topology impractical for large networks.
2. Mesh topology can be complex to configure and manage.

10. 4.Bus Topology
 A bus topology is a topology
for a Local Area Network (LAN)
in which all the nodes are
connected to a single cable.
 The cable to which the nodes
connect is called a
"backbone". If the backbone is
broken, the entire segment
fails.
 Depending on the type of
computer network car,
a coaxial cable or network
cable is used to connect them
together.

11. 4.Bus Topology
Advantages of Bus Topology
1. Less cabling
2. Small network
3. Upgradeable
Disadvantages of Bus Topology
1. Reduced signal strength
2. Core failure
3. Low security

12. 5.Hybrid Topology
 It is the combination of two or
more different topologies. The
objective of a hybrid topology is
to leverage the strengths of
various topologies to create a
network that best suits the
specific requirements of an
organization.
 For example, in an University we
have so many departments, one
department uses ring topology
and another department uses
Star topology, connecting these
two topologies which results in
Hybrid Topology.

13. 5.Hybrid Topology
Advantages of Hybrid Topology
1. Multiple advantages
2. Scalable
3. Traffic
Disadvantages of Hybrid Topology
1. Expensive
2. Complex design