The document discusses network neutrality and spam. Regarding network neutrality, it defines the principle of network neutrality and explains the current situation, debates around economic, legal and human rights issues. It outlines arguments for and against network neutrality and lists some key proponents and opponents. Regarding spam, it defines spam, outlines how people use it and its effects. It discusses technical and legal means of combating spam, such as filters, laws and international cooperation, and highlights issues around definitions and authentication. It stresses that spam requires a global solution.
lecture on the politics of net neutrality, to be delivered in Noriko Hara's graduate seminar at Indiana University, School of Library and Information Science, on November 12, 2013
lecture on the politics of net neutrality, to be delivered in Noriko Hara's graduate seminar at Indiana University, School of Library and Information Science, on November 12, 2013
Net Neutrality and the Future of the InternetMercatus Center
Net neutrality regulations would mandate that essentially all data on the Internet be treated the same by Internet service providers (ISPs), with many supporters calling on the FCC to prohibit “Internet fast lanes.” But are there situations in which different treatment of broadband traffic is good? What role should the government play in ever-changing broadband markets?
It is a Presentation On Net Neutrality...
CONTENTS:-
*What is Net Neutrality?
*Why Net Neutrality is important?
*Net Neutrality in India
*History
*TRAI rules in favor of Net Neutrality
*Why should we care?
-Sourav Dey
Mail ID: piyush.kolkata@gmail.com | piyush.kolkata@outlook.com
Mail me for the PPT version.
Just heard about something called NetNeutrality? Want to know more? This presentation includes everything you need including some of interesting facts & contributions done by our volunteers.
This ppt is to make those people aware who are unknown of the idea of net neutrality......
And please do hit the like icon if you liked the presentation and if not, do leave your compliments so that i can make it better....
Net Neutrality PPT presentation in MIS 3305 on Oct. 13, 2015. Explanation is needed for various slides. However, this slide show presents an overview of what net neutrality is, how the internet works, how ISPs have throttled content providers data traveling through their networks, and the FCC's ruling over the issue.
Net Neutrality Capacity Building SeminarExcel Asama
Promoting Net Neutrality through multi stakeholder capacity building and dialogue is project aimed at contributing to the construction of neutral networks and freedom of expression in Cameroon through training, awareness creation and multi stakeholder discussions.
Project funded by the Web We Want Campaign (webwewant.org)
project website: www.netnogcm.net
Talk at 31st Chaos Communication Congress at Hamburg 2014.
see: https://events.ccc.de/congress/2014/Fahrplan/events/6170.html
Our talk will highlight the current debates surrounding net neutrality in Europe, the United States and other parts of the world. We will look at the results of the SaveTheInternet.eu campaign which was lunched a year ago on 30c3. We will discuss various legal protections for net neutrality, look closer at the experience of the Netherlands and we will give an overview of all important open ends of the debate.
Since two years net neutrality is on the agenda of politicians world wide. These are important debates, as net neutrality became one of the central questions about our freedom on the internet. With different faces around the globe we see a trend towards more violations of the neutrality principle which the internet was founded upon. The efforts of telecommunication companies to find new ways to monetize their networks and us users within them are countered in some countries with legislation preventing this new business models.
In 2010, after two years of preparation and a fierce battle, the Dutch
parliament accepted a change to the Telecommunications Act which made net neutrality a principle that was protected by law. In this talk we will take stock after two years of legal protection of net neutrality in The Netherlands. Did it work and do the Dutch now have undiscriminated access to all services on the internet? Has the doomsday scenario of the providers, that subscriptions would become outrageously expensive, become reality? In which cases was the Dutch law enforced?
Are there any loopholes in the Dutch implementation? If others are to
fight for net neutrality, what are the pitfalls to avoid? And, on a more
meta-level, is it enough? Will net neutrality protect your freedom to
access websites and services, or do we need a broader type neutrality?
ARIN Board of Trustees Report as presented by Vint Cerf at ARIN's Public Policy and Members Meeting in April 2014. All ARIN 33 presentations are posted online at: https://www.arin.net/ARIN33_materials
This presentation describes the depletion of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and the importance of adopting the next version of the Internet Protocol, Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). This issue impacts everyone and must be understood and acted upon to ensure the continued growth and operation of the Internet. PPTX version available at: https://www.arin.net/knowledge/general.html
Net Neutrality and the Future of the InternetMercatus Center
Net neutrality regulations would mandate that essentially all data on the Internet be treated the same by Internet service providers (ISPs), with many supporters calling on the FCC to prohibit “Internet fast lanes.” But are there situations in which different treatment of broadband traffic is good? What role should the government play in ever-changing broadband markets?
It is a Presentation On Net Neutrality...
CONTENTS:-
*What is Net Neutrality?
*Why Net Neutrality is important?
*Net Neutrality in India
*History
*TRAI rules in favor of Net Neutrality
*Why should we care?
-Sourav Dey
Mail ID: piyush.kolkata@gmail.com | piyush.kolkata@outlook.com
Mail me for the PPT version.
Just heard about something called NetNeutrality? Want to know more? This presentation includes everything you need including some of interesting facts & contributions done by our volunteers.
This ppt is to make those people aware who are unknown of the idea of net neutrality......
And please do hit the like icon if you liked the presentation and if not, do leave your compliments so that i can make it better....
Net Neutrality PPT presentation in MIS 3305 on Oct. 13, 2015. Explanation is needed for various slides. However, this slide show presents an overview of what net neutrality is, how the internet works, how ISPs have throttled content providers data traveling through their networks, and the FCC's ruling over the issue.
Net Neutrality Capacity Building SeminarExcel Asama
Promoting Net Neutrality through multi stakeholder capacity building and dialogue is project aimed at contributing to the construction of neutral networks and freedom of expression in Cameroon through training, awareness creation and multi stakeholder discussions.
Project funded by the Web We Want Campaign (webwewant.org)
project website: www.netnogcm.net
Talk at 31st Chaos Communication Congress at Hamburg 2014.
see: https://events.ccc.de/congress/2014/Fahrplan/events/6170.html
Our talk will highlight the current debates surrounding net neutrality in Europe, the United States and other parts of the world. We will look at the results of the SaveTheInternet.eu campaign which was lunched a year ago on 30c3. We will discuss various legal protections for net neutrality, look closer at the experience of the Netherlands and we will give an overview of all important open ends of the debate.
Since two years net neutrality is on the agenda of politicians world wide. These are important debates, as net neutrality became one of the central questions about our freedom on the internet. With different faces around the globe we see a trend towards more violations of the neutrality principle which the internet was founded upon. The efforts of telecommunication companies to find new ways to monetize their networks and us users within them are countered in some countries with legislation preventing this new business models.
In 2010, after two years of preparation and a fierce battle, the Dutch
parliament accepted a change to the Telecommunications Act which made net neutrality a principle that was protected by law. In this talk we will take stock after two years of legal protection of net neutrality in The Netherlands. Did it work and do the Dutch now have undiscriminated access to all services on the internet? Has the doomsday scenario of the providers, that subscriptions would become outrageously expensive, become reality? In which cases was the Dutch law enforced?
Are there any loopholes in the Dutch implementation? If others are to
fight for net neutrality, what are the pitfalls to avoid? And, on a more
meta-level, is it enough? Will net neutrality protect your freedom to
access websites and services, or do we need a broader type neutrality?
ARIN Board of Trustees Report as presented by Vint Cerf at ARIN's Public Policy and Members Meeting in April 2014. All ARIN 33 presentations are posted online at: https://www.arin.net/ARIN33_materials
This presentation describes the depletion of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and the importance of adopting the next version of the Internet Protocol, Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). This issue impacts everyone and must be understood and acted upon to ensure the continued growth and operation of the Internet. PPTX version available at: https://www.arin.net/knowledge/general.html
Get Internet Number Resources from ARIN (IPv4, IPv6, ASNs)ARIN
Getting Internet Number Resources from the American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) Find out how to get resources from ARIN, including Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs), Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4), and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). PPTX version available at: https://www.arin.net/knowledge/general.html
This presentation details Internet Governance. This issue impacts everyone who uses the Internet and must be understood and acted upon to ensure the continued growth and operation of the Internet. PPTX version available at: https://www.arin.net/knowledge/general.html
ARIN 35: CRISP Panel by Michael Abejuela, John Sweeting, and Bill Woodcock. Video archives available at: https://www.arin.net/participate/meetings/reports/ARIN_35/ppm.html
Network neutrality has been at the center of intense political discussions about Internet regulation. Net neutrality is the principle that all content on the Internet should be equally available to users without discrimination by service providers. Establishing legal protections for net neutrality is a necessary component to providing equitable access to online educational materials and services.
1Austin ButlerDr. William Matter Subject Name05 March 20.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
Austin Butler
Dr. William Matter
Subject Name
05 March 2018Free The Internet
Since the early nineties the use of the internet has increased substantially due to the increase of media such as video and mp3’s. The ability to share and receive these formats has become so easy due to websites like youtube, spotify, facebook and other social media companies. Thes sites cause a lot of traffic, or large internet activity, by using more bandwidth. ISP’s or Internet Service Providers like Verizon and AT&T sold the right use these activities so there content would only be available through them. Net neutrality is the principle that all content whether it be sites or services should treated equally without any bias based on user activity, content, brand, application or communication. This contentedly forced ISP’s to not make deals with companies to allow a better traffic speed for their content by charging at a higher rate.
After a vote by the FCC, Federal Communications Commission, to remove the Net Neutrality,an uproar of support towards a free internet exploded. These Rule restricted ISP’s from slowing down sites or charging access to higher priority companies. While this is not going to cause changes so soon. It presumably means companies will be able to not only charge you for the inter service you use but also the sites and services we use on a daily basis.
Big name companies should not have the right to be able to discriminate lesser used net services,due to the lack of usage or popularity. For some companies this topic is seen as a desirable way to improve quality because they are bigger companies with more money. This can be equally, if not more so, harmful to smaller companies just starting up. Many internet application companies like Google,Reddit,eBay,Amazon etc support net neutrality regulation.Google in 2008 stated, opposing market power of broadband providers to control access to their content and other applications. These Site favor an open Internet. Every site or company should have equal opportunity for customers to have access to content across the entire world wide web.
Many of these companies are starting to fight back, “Several tech companies including Etsy, Kickstarter, Foursquare and Shutterstock filed a petition on Monday afternoon challenging the Federal Communications Commission's rollback of net neutrality protections”. (Horrowitz,Tech Companies).
Any news, website or forum is accessible under net neutrality, given it has legality to exist. Theoretically ISP’s can charge you more or less to use these services. An open internet allows friendly and EQUAL competition, this ensures that a company has un-altered access to their content and level the playing field for larger companies to be treated the same as small start-ups.
Portugal, sadly, does not have net neutrality. Their services charge users by the month for using apps and websites. MEO, an ISP there, charge five euro every month to use individual types of content ...
CASE STUDY -1 BA 633 Information Systems Inf.docxhallettfaustina
CASE STUDY -1
BA 633: Information Systems Infrastructure.
Prof: Fred Rose.
NET NEUTRALITY
Anvesh Veldandi
Student no: 558046.
1. This case focuses on the Net Neutrality debate in the United States. Do some Internet research on international
views of Net Neutrality and summarize how views of this issue differ within and across other countries.
Network neutrality has been a contentious issue in the United States for several years, but is increasingly debated
elsewhere, with the EU, several European countries, and the Japanese government all examining the issue.
Net neutrality does not have a single, unanimously accepted definition even within, let alone across, countries.
Nevertheless, proponents of net neutrality generally believe that a structure in which the Internet’s intelligence lies
primarily at the edges of the network, with the edges connected by relatively “dumb pipes” is responsible for the
Internet’s diversity and innovation. They fear that without some regulation broadband providers may discriminate in
favor of their own or sponsored applications, or might degrade traffic to sites that do not pay for better quality of
service tiers.
Net neutrality debates in the U.S. have focused primarily on regulations regarding how broadband providers could
price and manage traffic on their networks. The debate in Europe, has generally focused instead on the role
unbundling mandatory network sharing can play in keeping networks neutral. Unbundling
proponents argue that if the infrastructure provider does not offer retail services or is only one of many retailers
offering service over its infrastructure it will have less incentive to discriminate in favor of or against particular
content. Unbundling opponents typically do not discuss it in the context of net neutrality, but note that it can reduce
incentives to invest in the underlying infrastructure. This paper first examines the net neutrality debate in countries
other than United States. It explores net neutrality in the U.K., France, Denmark, the Netherlands,
Germany, Sweden, South Korea, and Japan. Because net neutrality is another type of mandatory network sharing
and because unbundling is a key component of the EU’s general response to net neutrality, the second part of the
paper uses a new dataset to test empirically the effects of unbundling on investment in fiber-to-the-home.
The net neutrality debate began in other countries much later than it began in the U.S. Most European countries
embrace the general idea of net neutrality. While they address the issue differently, most have so far stated that
unbundling combined with rules governing firms with significant market power, rather than specific n ...
Courts around the world are creating Internet law right now--a process that is both exciting and frightening to watch. Unlike other areas of commerce that can turn to historical traditions to help settle disputes and guide the development of the law, the law of the Internet has no history to fall back on. "Cyber law" is instead being developed by judges who must do their best to fit legal disputes on the Internet into preexisting legal frameworks. As a result, the legal principles governing conduct and commerce in cyberspace are still in a state of flux.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
3. www.isoc.gh
Network Neutrality - explained
3
What if you woke
up one day and… could NOT access
b
e
c
a
u
s
e
your ISP or Government
says so ?!!
NN is all aboutTraffic
Management
End
Start
Bandwidth
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Network Neutrality
• The Internet‟s success lies in its design, which is
based on the principle of network neutrality.
• From the outset, the flow of all the content on the
Internet, whether coming from start-ups or big
companies, was treated without discrimination.
• New companies and innovators did not need
permission or market power to innovate on the
Internet.
4
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Network Neutrality - defined
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_neutrality
5
The principle that Internet service providers and
governments should treat all data on the
Internet equally, not discriminating or charging
differentially by
user, content, site, platform, application, type of attached
equipment, and modes of communication.
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Network Neutrality – The current situation
7
Less bandwidth HIGH bandwidth
Increasing Bandwidth Demand
Bandwidth
needs before
birth of..
Bandwidth
needs after
birth of..
Bandwidth = How much stuff can pass
through the pipe (or wire) at a time
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Network Neutrality: The Issues
• Emerging consensus
that there is a need for
appropriate traffic
management.
• The main question is
how to interpret the
adjective „appropriate‟.
• 3 other areas of debate
besides Technical
Issues
10
•Economic
•Legal
•Human right
The 3 other Issues
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Network Neutrality: Economic Issues
• Many significant network
operators – including both
telecoms and ISPs – have
changed their business
models
• Some operators currently
provide VoIP, IPTV & other
services in addition to their
traditional services
11
• ISP vs OTT Service
providers
• Proposals for Multi-tier
Internet policy to ensure
QoS
• E.g. Google & Orange deal
• ETNO WCIT-12
proposals (“sender pays
principle” )
• Proposals for business tier
• E.g. Google vs. Verizon
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Network Neutrality: Legal Issues
12
• FCC vs. Comcast, 2007
• Canadian ISP, Telus blocks
access to pro-union blogs &
other websites during labor
disputes, 2005
• Do ISPs have the right to
block traffic to certain
content or materials?
• E.g BitTorrent
• Is the National Information
Technology Agency allowed
to block Youtube during
office hours
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Network Neutrality: Arguments For & Against
• Control of data (ISP
Gatekeeping)
• Digital rights and freedoms
• Competition and innovation
• Preserving Internet standards
• End-to-end principle
15
• ISPs need ability to control access
to manage bandwidth needed to
assure QoS
• Internet has succeeded because of
absence of regulation
• Reduces incentive for investment
in broadband infrastructure and
deployment
Arguments For Arguments Against
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Net Neutrality: Proponents
Proponents Examples
Major Corporate Players Google, Yahoo!, Amazon, Vonage, eBay, Microsoft
Tech Groups and Thought
Leaders
Vint Cerf, Tim Berners-Lee, Prof Nii Narku Quaynor, Bill
Moyers, Craig Newmark, Harvard Berkman Center, Prof
Lawrence Lessig, Robert W. McChesney, Tech Net, Eric Schmidt
Political Parties Democrats(President Obama)
Selected Newspapers New York Times, San Francisco Chronicle, San Jose Mercury
Press
Unions and Major
Associations
American Civil Liberties Union, American Library
Association, Christian Coalition of America, Consumers Union,
Environmental Defense Institute, Feminist Majority, Free Press,
Gun Owners of America
Celebrities Moby, REM, Alyssa Milano
Websites www.savetheinternet.com
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Net Neutrality: Proponents
17
“ I want to be clear what we mean
by Net neutrality:
What we mean is if you have one
data type like video, you don't
discriminate against one person's
video in favor of another. But it's
okay to discriminate across
different types, so you could
prioritize voice over video, and
there is general agreement
with Verizon and Google on that
issue. “
August 4, 2010; Google CEO, Eric Schmidt
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Net Neutrality: Opponents
Opponents Examples
Major Corporate Players 3M, AT&T, Verizon, Telus, Comcast, Time-Warner, Shaw,
Eastlink
Tech Groups and
Thought Leaders
NetCompetition.org, Latinos in Information Sciences and
Technology,
Political Parties Republicans(Senator McCain)
Selected Newspapers Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Washington Times
Unions and Major
Associations
Communications Workers of America, American
Conservative Union, National Association of
Manufacturers
Websites http://handsoff.org
19
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Net Neutrality: Opponents
20
“They
[Google, Yahoo, Vonage]
don't have any fiber out
there. They don't have any
wires... They use my lines for
free -- and that's BS.“… "For
a Google or a Yahoo or a
Vonage or anybody to
expect to use these pipes for
free is nuts!''
November 7 2005; AT&T chairman, Edward E. Whitacre Jr.
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Spam - defined
Spam is usually defined as unsolicited e-mail, which is
sent to a wide number of Internet users.
22
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Spam – What do people use it for?
• Commercial promotion
• e-marketing
• Social activism
• Political campaigning
• Distribution of pornographic materials.
• Distribution of malware
• Fraudulent activities
23
According to the statistics from 2009, 81% of e-mail traffic is spam.
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Spam – effects
Besides the fact that spam is annoying, it also causes
considerable economic loss, both in terms of
bandwidth used and time lost on checking/deleting it.
24
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Combating spam – Legal means
• Introduce anti-spam laws.
• E.g. US Can-Spam Law , December 2003
• EU anti-spam law, July 2003
• Whiles both laws are good they lack the provision for
cross-border spam prevention
29
30. www.isoc.gh
Legal means - US Can-Spam Law
examined
• Involves a delicate balance between allowing e-mail-
based promotion and preventing spam.
• Law prescribes severe penalties for distributing spam,
including prison terms of up to five years
• Law also tolerate or might even encourage spam
activity: spam is allowed until the receiver of spam
messages says ‘stop’ (by using an opt-out clause).
30
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Spam - Effective combat approach
• Requires international response
• Australia, Korea, and the UK sign MoU
• OECD established Task Force on spam and prepared an
anti-spam toolkit.
• The ITU organized the Thematic Meeting on Countering
Spam (2004)
• EU establishes Network of Anti-Spam Enforcement Agencies
• Leading internet companies that host email accounts
establish the Anti-Spam Technical Alliance (ASTA) , 2003
31
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Spam - Spam & Authentication
• Key structural enabler of spam
• Sending e-mail messages with a fake sender‟s address.
• DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM), IETF
34
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Spam - The need for global action
• Most spam originates from outside a given country. It
is a global problem requiring a global solution
• Developed countries prefer the strengthening of
national legislations coupled with bilateral or regional
anti-spam campaigns
• Developing countries prefer shaping a global
response to the spam problem
35