Downloaded 22 times
NET NEUTRALITY
- 1.
- 2. Fight for NetNeutrality What is “net neutrality”? Why should I care ?
- 3. What is NetNeutrality? “Net neutrality simply means that service providers and government treat all data online equally, by charging each user the same fee for the use of content , sites, and applications and move at the same speed over the network. The owners of the Internet’s wires cannot discriminate. This is the simple but brilliant “end-to-end” design of the Internet that has made it such a powerful force for economic and social good.” Ask a Ninja’s “What is Net Neutrality?” video
- 4. Development of technologyand services
- 5. Top Global WebSites (2016) Google Facebook YouTube Yahoo! Wikipedia BlogSpot Twitter Amazon Windows Live MSN LinkedIn
- 6. Some top ISPsin the USA (2016) Comcast Time Warner AT&T Cox Optimum Charter Verizon Source: http://isp- review.toptenreviews.com/ Cable operators Telephone companies
- 7. Fight for theNet Neutrality Pros of net neutrality No Restrictions No throttling No Censorship Lower cost of internet Promotes innovation, drives entrepreneurship, stimulates ISP competition. Cons of net neutrality Higher expenditure of ISP Ease of access to certain sites No competition
- 8. ISP ARGUMENTS Infrastructureneeds development Need funding for innovation Freedom of business
- 9. Consumer exploitation Forceto use certain services Block all peer to peer technologies Exclusive deals with content providers Monitor all online activities.
- 10. Associated Legal &Corporate Issues While various pieces of legislation have been proposed, nothing has received enough support to be made law. Telecom companies like AT&T and Time Warner have tried various pricing strategies based on bandwidth consumption however, none have met with success, either ending in public outcry, or a ruling by the FCC.
- 11. Differing Perspectives Somecompanies which own the networks want to inhibit P2P activity, claiming it slows their whole network and is primarily used for illegal purposes. The most extreme proposals from such companies suggest varying payment plans which provide limited to complete access of the internet.
- 12. Differing Perspectives Could anycontrol at all lead to censorship?
- 13. Supporters of theConcept Organizations that support network neutrality include: Moveon.org Consumer Federation of America AARP American Electronics Association Gun Owners of America Public Knowledge the Media Access Project the Christian Coalition TechNet Tim Berners-Lee (the inventor of the World Wide Web) has also spoken out in favor of net neutrality. ACLU
- 14. Barack Obama SupportsNet Neutrality Net neutrality becomes part of the official Democratic party platform in 2008 Obama appointed Julius Genachowski as head of the FCC in 2009 American Recovery and Investment Act of 2009 provides $7.2 billion for broadband infrastructure and mandates that the FCC prepare a National Broadband Plan
- 15. Genachowski Adds TwoItems to FCC Policy Statement of 2005 “broadband providers cannot discriminate against particular Internet content or applications” • “providers of broadband Internet access must be transparent about their network management processes.” Video of Genachowski
- 16. Opposition to theConcept The free-market advocacy organizations Freedom Works Foundation, National Black Chamber of Commerce, the Competitive Enterprise Institute, and the Progress and Freedom Foundation, high-tech trade groups (such as the National Association of Manufacturers), and others oppose network neutrality.
- 17. KEEP SAFE ONTHE INTERNET
- 18. The Opponents’ Perspectiveon Net Neutrality NCTA anti-NN ad Fox News coverage Glenn Beck David Farber
- 19. Proponents’ Videos TimWu Save the Internet Vint Cerf
- 20. Arguments of Proponents End-to-end architecture of the Internet must be preserved This means preventing discrimination by conduit companies against content and services that they do not control Conduit companies will reserve lots of bandwidth for services like cable Net neutrality guarantees constitute unnecessary regulation The threat of discrimination is overblown Cable and telephone companies need new revenues to build out the network Need to have “intelligent networks” to obtain “quality of service” Competition is sufficient to prevent abuses.
- 21. More Arguments ofProponents There is insufficient competition between cable operators and Telco's to guarantee non-discrimination There is a potential for violations of freedom of speech in the absence of net neutrality guarantees Gigi Sohn Larry Lessig Tim Berners-Lee
- 22. Social Issues withNetwork Neutrality End to end principle: the principle that communications protocol operations should be defined to occur at the end-points of a communication system. Data discrimination: a claim that the current internet is not neutral as its implementation of best effort generally favors file transfer and other non-time sensitive traffic over real-time communications.
- 23. Social Issues withNetwork Neutrality (cont.) 3. Quality of service: There is no single, uniform method of interconnecting network using IP, and not all networks that use IP are part of the internet. Thus IPTV networks such as AT&T’s U-Verse service are isolated from the Internet, and are therefore not covered by network neutrality agreements. 4. Over provisioning. 5. Peer-to-peer file sharing. 6. Pricing models.
- 24. The National BroadbandPlan FCC announced intention to guarantee net neutrality in spite of Comcast ruling in 2009 Genachowski spoke of a “third way” between “heavy-handed prescriptive regulation” and the “light-touch approach” of the past FCC would attempt to reclassify transmission component of broadband as a “telecommunication service”
- 25. Comcast Throttling ofBit- Torrent Traffic in 2007 Robb Topolski discovers delays in delivery of Bit-Torrent files for his barber shop quartet Topolski publishes this on Torrent Freak blog EFF and AP verify independently Comcast eventually admits that it was “traffic shaping” using an application called Sand vine that prevents “seeding” The FCC told Comcast to stop doing this Comcast complied but appealed to courts
- 26. The Comcast Rulingof 2010 US Circuit Court of Appeals of DC ruled on April 6, 2010, that the FCC did not have the authority to regulate ISPs under the Telecom Act of 1996 (therefore Comcast was not bound to obey FCC rules regarding traffic management) Ruling was based on FCC decision to reclassify cable modems and DSL as information services
- 27. New FCC Chair New Chair, Ted Wheeler as of October 2013 Telecom lobbyist background Hired Gigi Sohn for policy advice
- 28. SAVE THE INTERNET Net neutrality was framed by Republicans as a regulatory issue. Democratic framing was confusing. Republicans and their supporters carried the day until June 2006 when the political tide began turn against them. The 2006 and 2008 election results meant that Democrats and their allies would attempt to pass legislation guaranteeing net neutrality. However, the Comcast ruling and strong Republican opposition to net neutrality made legislative action very unlikely. It is still not clear whether the FCC strategy to reclassify broadband transmission will work.
Editor's Notes
- #4 Net = network , neutral = to be equal.
- #6 Some of the most popular website people use often. The LinkedIn is professional social network.
- #10 Finally , on 2nd February 2015, the FCC enacted its strongest –ever rules on net neutrality, preserving an open internet by prohibiting broadband providers from blocking or slowing content that flows across their pipes. ( the internet will remain “open”)