The document discusses the digital divide, which refers to the gap between individuals with regular access to technology and those without it. It presents nComputing as a solution to bridge this gap by allowing multiple users to share a single computer, thereby making technology more accessible and affordable. The document outlines sustainability concerns, cost barriers, and the advantages of nComputing in educational and organizational settings, highlighting significant long-term savings and lower environmental impact.

1. BRIDGING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE WITH SUSTAINABILITY www.softprixsarl.com May 2010 Presenter : Emmanuel Kijem Managing Director Softprix Sarl

2. SUMMARY Digital Divide (DD) Issues Access to Computing Resources Sustainability Issues The nComputing Solution How nComputing helps in bridging the Digital Divide

3. FOUNDATIONS OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY Industrial Age Optimization Making products, services & processes better Information Age Innovation “ Invention refers to new concepts or products that derive from individual’s ideas or from scientific research. Innovation, on the other hand, is the commercialization of the invention itself.” Innovation ZEN Blog

4. FOUNDATIONS OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY Information Society Innovation Information Information Technology (IT)

5. THE INFORMATION SOCIETY "The number one benefit of information technology is that it empowers people to do what they want to do. It lets people be creative. It lets people be productive. It lets people learn things they didn't think they could learn before, and so in a sense it is all about potential ." Steve Ballmer, CEO Microsoft The POTENTIAL to Innovate Unequal distribution within countries (e.g. USA) Unequal distribution worldwide This has been called the Digital Divide

6. WHAT IS THE DIGITAL DIVIDE? The gap between people who possess regular access to technology and those who do not have this access. By technology, we mean computers, computer resources and Information Technology (IT) functions like the ability to get on the Internet Term originated in the 1990s and was much used in the early days by the Clinton Administration (USA) to discuss what could be done about bridging this gap. There are many ways to look at or consider the digital divide. For people like President Clinton, the divide separated the “haves and have-nots” within the US An International issue that is one of the main drivers of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) held in Geneva (December 2003) and in Tunis (November 2005)

7. "It is dangerously destabilizing to have half the world on the cutting edge of technology while the other half struggles on the bare edge of survival." Bill Clinton

8. THE 3 Cs OF THE DIGITAL DIVIDE Closing the Divide Content Connectivity Computers

9. DIGITAL DIVIDE QUOTES "An individual poor person is an isolated island by himself and herself. IT can end that isolation overnight." Prof. Muhammad Yunus Founder, GRAMEEN Bank "I do not fear computers. I fear the lack of them." Isaac Asimov Science fiction writer

10. ACCESS TO COMPUTING RESOURCES Access to computer resources is at the heart of the fight to close the Digital Divide Major priority for most countries and the United Nations (WSIS) President Paul Biya’ speech at Lycée Général le Clerc in Nov. 2001 President’s vision: Cameroon prepares youth for Information Society Introduction of IT training in schools (Multimedia Centres) Many other Digital Divide Initiatives ongoing

11. COST BARRIERS Barrier Description Equipment Cost of acquiring sufficient numbers of PCs to attain 1:1 user/PC ratio Inefficient use of existing PCs (1 – 5% capacity) High dependence on used PCs (due to purchase price) Software High cost of software No significant Open Source initiatives yet Lack of software tools for high performance training Lack of software tools for investment protection Training Shortage of highly qualified IT trainers Lack of capacity building Lack of eLearning tools to complement and reinforce traditional training Support Unreliable equipment (used PCs) High cost of maintenance Extremely short PC Refresh Cycles

12. SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES TCO vs Purchase Price Technology Obsolesence Green Computing

13. WHAT IS TCO The Total Cost of Ownership or the True Cost to Own “ TCO is as a comprehensive set of methodologies, models and tools to help organizations better measure and manage their IT investments” Gartner It is the true costs (including hidden or non-obvious costs ) associated with buying, owning, operating and upgrading a computer System Life Cycle Acquisition Operation Growth & Change Resources Hardware Software Personnel NW & Comm Facilities

14. TCO (CONT’D) Price of a computer vs Cost of a computer Typically over 5 yr period for IT capital investments The 5-yr TCO of major computer systems can be 5-8 times the purchase price For PC’s, it can be up to 2-3 times the original purchase price Analogy choice to buy one of 2 shirts A & B Price of A 10,000 F CFA more than Price of B; so you buy B But B requires dry-cleaning using special process Each time you dry-clean, you spend 2,000 F CFA After 5 washes, your initial saving is completely gone The cheaper shirt to buy is actually more expensive to own

15. SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES (CONT’D) Technology obsolescence Moore’s Law sustains rapid change in PC hardware technology Constant evolution in software Unprecedented innovation all round Driven by fierce competition Green Computing Used or refurbished PCs are typically end-of-life equipment High maintenance costs Easily discarded due to low purchase price Environmental cost of poor unregulated PC disposal no longer negligible

16. RESOLVING THE COMPUTING ACCESS PROBLEM One Laptop per Child (OLPC) NEWDEAL – Recycling Computers Refurbished PCs (Computer Aid Int’l) Multi-user Computing (NComputing) or Shared Resource Computing (SRC)

17. THE NCOMPUTING SOLUTION Vision Approach How it works Solutions Advantages Lowering computing costs

18. NCOMPUTING VISION Expand Access & Dramatically Lower Computing Costs through Multi-User Computing Currently there are about 850 million people in the world who have computer access. Researchers say that another billion people want access to computing, but simply cannot afford it because the cost of computer hardware and management is too high. NComputing's vision is to bring affordable computing to the next billion people so they can join the digital economy . Manish Sharma Vice President, Asia Pacific, NComputing.

19. NComputing Approach Optimize your Personal Computer (PC) investments by sharing 1 PC among up to 30 simutaneous users

20. ASSET CONSOLIDATION (EXAMPLE) Cost-effective and sustainable deployments Desktop Virtualization Savings Savings 20 Physical PCs 220 Virtual Desktops Savings Savings

21. How it works 1 NComputing virtualization software ( vSPACE ) runs on standard Windows or Linux Host PC 2 NComputing User eXtension Protocol ( UXP ) delivers a secure, multi-media interface 3 NComputing access devices ( XD2 ) are slim, silent, efficient, and very low cost

22. HOW IT WORKS Many users share 1 PC. Each user has a complete work station i.e. monitor, keyboard, mouse and speakers Each user has a virtual session on the OS vSPACE creates and maintains the necessary virtual OS sessions The user can roam from one nComputing station to the other Users can communicate via nComputing messaging.

23. NComputing: 3 solutions U Series L Series X Series vSpace

24. L SERIES: ETHERNET CONNECT L Series L 230 Kit 1 L230 Access Device Power adapter vSPACE Software for L Series User Guide

25. L SERIES: ETHERNET-CONNECT Standard LAN equipment: Switch CAT 5 or 6 UTP/FTP cables RJ45 connectors NIC Standard PC equipment: Monitor Keyboard (PS2) Mouse (PS2) Speakers & Microphone L-Series: Ethernet Connection

26. L Series: Ethernet-connect Users have full access to network resources such as: File Server Internet Access Mail Server etc.. L series terminals as true clients in a typical client/server network environment. Dynamic (DHCP) or static IP addressing

27. L SERIES: ETHERNET CONNECT VESA-compliant mount Speaker USB Memory* Microphone* PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse

28. L Series: Ethernet-connect L230 11 users max. on desktop OS 30 users max. on server OS USB ports (printer, USB keys, external HDD etc..) No distance limitation between Host PC and terminal stations power consumption: 5 watts per terminal Ethernet Switch Access Device

29. X SERIES: PCI-CONNECT X Series X 350 Kit 3 XD2 Access Devices Half-height PCI adapter card vSPACE Software for X Series User Guide X 550 Kit 5 XD2 Access Devices Full-height PCI adapter card vSPACE Software for X Series User Guide X 550

30. X SERIES : PCI CONNECT Standard PCI Card: X350 or X550 Max. 2 PCI cards/Host PC CAT 5 or 6 UTP/FTP cables RJ45 connectors Standard PC Equipment: Monitor Keyboard (PS2) Mouse (PS2) Speakers X-Series: Direct Connection

31. X SERIES: PCI CONNECT 11 users max. on desktop/server OS Excellent multimedia performance Distance limitation: 10m Power consommation: 1 watt Access Device 1 Access Device 2 Access Device 3 PCI card No. of PCI Cards on Host PC No. of Users X350 X550 1 4 6 2 7 11

32. U SERIES: USB-CONNECT U Series U170 Kit 1 U170 Access Device USB extension cable (1.8m) vSPACE Software for U Series User Guide

33. U SERIES: USB-CONNECT Max. Installation: 10-users Min. Installation: 2-users

34. U SERIES: USB-CONNECT USB connection 10 users max. on desktop/server OS Excellent multimedia performance Max. distance from Host PC: 20m Power consumption: 2 watts/terminal

35. VSPACE: VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE vSPACE vSPACE CD-ROM Different version for each model Installs video drivers Installs virtualization software User Guide

36. vSPACE Creates virtual Windows sessions for all users when they login Dynamically attributes PC resources (hardware/software) to users Manages communications between terminal stations and the Host PC via the nComputing User eXtension Protocol (UXP) Incorporates an Administration Console that enables several functionalities including: Configure terminal work stations from the Host PC Remotely stop or restart terminal stations See applications running on an L series terminal station See the user connected to an L Series station and their connection status Monitor the IP address of each station Send messages to users Observe what users do on their L230 stations

37. NCOMPUTING BENEFITS SUMMARY Compatible Affordable Simple Efficient

38. Compatible No re-training required Supports Windows and Linux Uses standard peripherals Familiar PC user experience

39. Affordable Enable access for everyone Add more users at a lower cost Minimize obsolescence Save on support costs

40. Simple Easy to setup and secure Robust, reliable access devices Fewer PCs to maintain No disks or CPUs at desktop

41. Efficient Share unused CPU resources Small access devices save space Energy efficient, saving power Environmentally friendly

42. OTHER BENEFITS Centralized administration of data and applications Improved collaboration through file-sharing, instant messaging and remote desktop access Enhanced security as NComputing workstations cannot be attacked by viruses and systems administrators can disable USB key access Minimization of the impact of obsolescence’ .

43. TIPS FOR COST REDUCTION Analyse computer usage modes and match tasks to computing resources to cut out waste NComputing much more suited to hostile environments than PCs Some activities just lend themselves naturally to multi-user computing e.g. schools, training centres, data input halls, call centres, offices etc.. Replace PCs with nComputing in next PC Refresh Cycle The best strategy, once nComputing is adopted, is to: Start with small deployment e.g. in an organisation unit Once satisfied with solution, expand the deployment to cover the whole organisation

44. Purchase of 11 Pentium Dual Core PCs 4 950 000 Purchase of 11-seat NComputing L230 Installation 3 050 000 Cost Saving on purchase: 1 900 000 38% MAINTENANCE (over 5 years) Maintenance of 11 PCs 2 750 000 Maintenance of NComputing Solution 250 000 Cost Savings on Maintenance 2 350 000 85% ENERGY CONSUMPTION (Over 5 years) 11 PCs over 5 yrs (5 280 kwh/year) 2 217 600 NComputing Solution over 5 yrs (560 kwh/year) 235 200 Savings on Energy Consumption 1 982 000 89% TOTAL OPERATING COSTS OVER 5 yrs 11 PC Installation 9 917 600 NComputing Solution 3 685 200 Total Cost Savings over 5 yrs 6 232 400 63% TOTAL COSTS (6 yrs) TOTAL COST OF 11 PC INSTALLATION 14 867 600 TOTAL COST OF NComputing SOLUTION 4 135 200 SAVINGS REALIZED 10 732 400 72% REDUCTION OF CO2: 66 tons TREES SAVED : 313 EVALUATION OF A 11-SEAT NComputing DEPLOYMENT

45. NCOMPUTING & THE DD COST BARRIERS DD COST BARRIER NCOMPUTING SOLUTION Equipment Affordable solution that enables easy, cost-effective expansion of computing infrastructure while minimizing overall TCO. Software Compatible with the two major Operating Systems – MS WINDOWS and LINUX and enables easy software deployment and maintenance Training Compatible solution offering exactly the same PC interfaces and interactive experience as stand-alone PCs. This excludes the need for any form of supplementary training. Support Simple and efficient solution requiring very little knowledge of computers to install and maintain, all at highly reduced cost.

46. NCOMPUTING & SUSTAINABILITY Sustainability Issue NCOMPUTING SOLUTION TCO Saves up to 70% on the TCO of computer installations Obsolescence Minimizes impact of obsolescence by keeping PC footprint small within the overall computing infrastructure Continuous updates to vSPACE and Access Device hardware Environmental Impact Reduced PC footprint in overall computing infrastructure means less PCs to discard and less environmental problems. Lower energy consumption and up to 11yrs MTTF

47. NCOMPUTING IN PRACTICE Compact space-saving layouts Schools & training centres Cyber-cafés and Business Bureaux Offices Data entry and call centres Conference Centres Factories etc…

48. USA

49. Thailand

50. Turkey

51. Computer Labs

52. Data Entry & Call Centers Application Characteristics Data entry and Call Centers High concentration of users, with little space and high user turnover. Small number of applications.

53. Public Access - World Trade Organization

54. WORLDWIDE SUCCESS Office Branch Office Manufacturing Distribution Call Centre Health

55. SMEs & CORPORATES WORLDWIDE ECOBANK GSAS HGOPY UNIVERSITE COSENDAI ISTDI CNPS

56. NComputing: Numerous Awards

57. CONTACT US: Soft prix Sarl B.P. 15158 Douala Cameroon Office Tel: +237 3341 3443 / 3303 2482 / 7949 0711 Email: [email_address] Web Site: http://www.softprixsarl.com Knowledge Centre: http://www.flexknowledge.com Web Portal: http://www.softprix.com THANK YOU!