This document discusses key aspects of the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) and the proposed Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) system. The NEP 2020 aims to make India a global knowledge superpower by revamping the education system to incorporate Indian traditions and develop skills like computational thinking. It proposes universalizing education from preschool to secondary level and introducing a 5+3+3+4 curriculum structure. The ABC system would allow students to accumulate credits from different higher education institutions and online courses, and redeem them to earn a degree with flexibility and mobility. It would function like a bank where students open academic accounts and deposit credits from various sources for verification and transfer.

1. NEP 2020
&
ACADEMIC BANK OF CREDIT (ABC)
Presentation
By
Prof. H.N.NAGARAJA
VICE CHANCELLOR

2. VISION
• “The NEP 2020 envisions an India centered education system that
directly contributes to the evolution of our nation enduring into
an equitable and vibrant knowledge society by giving them a top
class quality of education”.
• NEP aims at making “India a global knowledge Superpower”
• First time revamping took place in 1968, second time in 1986 and
third time in 2020
• All the stages of education at school level will incorporate Indian
and regional traditions, ethical reasoning, digital literacy
computational thinking, scientific tamper, languages and
communication skills properly.

3. • KEY POINTS: SCHOOL EDUCATION
Universalization of Education from preschool to secondary level
with 100% gross enrollment ratio in school Education by 2030
To bring 2 crore out of school children back into the mainstream
through an open schooling system.
The current 10+2 system to be replaced by 5+3+3+4 curricular
structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11,11-14,14-18 years
respectively.
It will bring the uncovered age group of 3-6 years under school
curriculum, which has been recognized globally as the crucial
stage for development of mental abilities of a child. (12 years of
schooling with 3 years of Anganawadi)

6. Only Class 12 board examination to test core competitions rather
than memorized facts with all students allowed to take the exam
twice
School governance is set to change with a new Accreditation
framework and an independent authority to regulate both public &
Private schools.
Emphasis on Foundational literacy & Numeracy, no rigid
separation between academic streams, extracurricular vocational
streams in schools.
Vocational Education to start from class 6 with internships.
Teaching up to at least grade 5 to be in mother
tongue/local/regional language. No imposition of any language on
the student.

7. Assessment reforms with 3600 holistic progress card.
Formation of National curriculum framework for teacher
education (NCFTE-21).
By 2030 minimum qualification for teaching would be B.Ed
degree of 4 years integrated
There is no hard separation between vocational stream and
Academic.
In secondary school children can opt for the foreign language of
their choice which could be French , German, Spanish, Chinese
and Japanese. This will only be elective not in place of 3
language formula.

8. HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (HEI)
Gross enrollment ratio in HEI to increase from 26.3% to 50% by
2035. it is estimated to increase the seats to 3.5 crore by 2035.
Holistic UG education with a flexible curriculum of 3 to 4 years with
multiple exit options with appropriate certificates at different
intervals.
All the UG, PG and Ph.D level will now be interdisciplinary.
ABC to be established to facilitate transfer of credits.
Multidisciplinary Education & Research universities (MERUs) at par
with IITs, IIMs to be set up as multidisciplinary Education of global
standards.

9. National Research foundation will be created as an apex body for
fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity
across higher Education.
HECI will be set up as a single umbrella body for the entire higher
Education excluding Medical and LAW. All public & Private HEIs
will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation,
accreditation and academic standards. HECI will have 4 verticals
viz.,
 National Higher Education Regulatory council (NHERC) for Regulation
 General Education council (GEC) for standard setting
 Higher education grants council (HEGC) for funding
 National Accreditation council (ACI) for Accreditation

10. Over a period of time, Every college is expected to develop into
either an autonomous degree granting college or a constituent
college of a University
Integration of Technology in all levels of learning .
Creation of National Education Technology Forum (NETF) to
provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of
technology to enhance, assessment, planning, administration.
National assessment center-PARAM has been created to
assess the students.
Top 100 foreign universities to set up in India
Separate fund for education up to 6% of GDP from 4.6%.

11. There will be examination at different intervals of 3rd, 5th and
8th grade by the appropriate authority. Board examination of
10th will not be there. Only 12th to continue with the aim of
holistic development.
PARAKH- Performance assessment review and analysis of
knowledge for holistic development
Sanskrit will also be included at school & higher Education
literature of India and other classical languages will also be
available.
Teaching in higher education will focus on critical thinking,
creativity discovery Inquiry, discussions /analysis etc.,
In next 15 years college affiliation will be phased out.
Aim to achieve 100% youth & Adult literacy

12. Challenges :

13. Academic Bank of Credits
An academic service mechanism is a digital or virtual or
online entity established by the commission with the
approval of the Central government, to facilitate students to
become its academic account holders, thereby having the
way for seamless student mobility between or within degree
granting Higher Educational Institutions through a formal
systems of credit recognition, credit accumulation, credit
transfers & credit redemption to promote distributed &
flexible teaching – learning.

14. A B C
o Credit – not related to money – related to subjects
 This is only related to HEI
 The courses will not just include offline credits but it will also
include online & distance mode courses (MOOCS, NPTEL, and
COURSERA)
 The validity of these academic credits earned by students will be up
to 7 years. The validity can vary based on the subject or discipline.
Students can redeem the credits.

15. Organizational Structure of ABC
 ABC shall be a digital or virtual or online store house entity of
academic credit data base of HEI with students as stake
holder
 ABC works in line with NAD ( National Academic Depositary)
 ABC is a bank for Academic purposes where student is an
account holder.
 Services available – Credit verification, credit transfer, credit
redemption, accumulation & authentication of academic
awards.

16. Eligibility Criteria for HEIs
Universities & autonomous colleges satisfying sub –
regulations (2) of regulation 1, which are accredited by
NAAC with A grade or by NBA for at least 3 programs
with a minimum score 675 individual or top 100 NIRF or
similar accreditation bodys or top 1000 world ranking
institutions of QS ranking, Times Higher Education
Institutions of eminence or Institution of National
Importance

17. ABC Key advantages
 Change specialization or institution any time
 Choose your own courses & prepare the bouquet (degree)
 Certificates, diploma & degree can have better industrial or social relevance.
 Can pick the courses based on best institutions / courses / teachers / time
table etc.
 Courses chosen may be of different levels like UG / PG / Doctoral
 Many laboratories / skills would also be offered in an online mode.
 New degree nomenclatures like Bachelor of Liberal education would emerge,
vocational or skill based course credit can also be merged / for award of
degree.

18.  HEI will come together, they form a cluster, mutually recognize.
 ABC – Like a Commercial Bank - Opening an account in the Bank
 Credits are deposited.
 Individual paper or courses is possible in different universities, we
can also do it from some National or International universities or
even from online courses.
 When student accumulate sufficient credits, he can go to the
university & claim for degree by redeeming some of the credits.
University will award the degree.

19. Academic flexibility:
Provision for Innovative and Interchangeable curricular
structure.
Credit redemption – redemption for awarding the degree /
diploma
Credit transfer – transferring of requisite credits to students
ABC –
 It is a national level facility to promote flexibility of curriculum
framework & interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary academic
mobility of students across higher educational Institutions.

20.  HEI strictly follows the rules & regulations in
awarding the degree and the student can take a
break of at most one semester after acquiring the
stipulated credits.
 HEI can fix the fees for different course depending
upon the credits.
 HEI has to pay some fees while registration

21. Functions
• ABC shall register HEI under these regulations, ensure
the opening closure & validation of Academic Bank
Accounts and also ensure credit verification, credit
accumulation, credit transfer and credit redemption for
students.
• ABC Shall deposit credits of the HEI for different
courses in the account of the candidate. Validity shall
be decided as and when required.

22.  Courses through NPTEL, SWAYAM, V-Lab etc are also
considered for credit transfer & credit accumulation.
 Functions of ABC are not limited to distance or a non
contact mode & shall extended to amalgamation of
various existing & futuristic teaching – learning
models & it may also consider credits obtained by
students in assessments for theory or practicals, if the
same are offered as separate credit course.

23.  The norms of teaching – learning & evaluation process
is as per the HEI policy which should be consistent
with the over arching policy & philosophy of holistic,
multidisciplinary education under NEP-20.
 Credits earned & deposited with ABC is valid for a
maximum of 7 years.
 ABC is applicable for all HEIs recognized by the
Commission.

24. ABC implementation methodology :
 ABC is essentially a credit based & highly flexible student’s
centric facility.
 Changes in the statute or ordinances of the HEI as per
BOM/ BOG
 HEI should encourage & aware the students about the
scheme.
 Students can have their own design of program.
 However, he/she should earn at least 50 % credits from the
HEI awarding the degree / diploma / certificate.

25.  Students should acquire the required credits in the core
subjects to award the degree / diploma / certificate.
 ABC shall maintain a dynamic online directory
 Once any credit is redeemed of the award of the
academic qualification such credit shall be irrevocably
debited from the respective students Academic Bank
Account.

26.  Once a student satisfies the HEI by obtaining the
sufficient credits then the HEI will award the
respective degree / diploma / certificate.
 Once used credits for award of degree cannot be
reused.
 HEI should make necessary changes in their
curriculum courses so as to encourage
multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary higher education.

27. Monitoring, Support & Quality Assessment
 HEI has to continuously monitor the activities of ABC at their
institution level.
 Training for faculty & staff is required at HEI.
 Quality assurance of implementation of ABC shall be
developed by HEI through its IQAC or any other structured
mechanism.
 All the activities pertaining to ABC and maintain of quality in
its function is to be uploaded in the website regularly. Annual
report must be uploaded every year.

28. Benefits:
• Courses in regional language – nearly 42% opted in 8
states. Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Bangla.
• Emphasis on mother tongue as the medium of
institution.
• Indian sign language has been accorded the status of
language education.
• ABC gives maximum flexibility to students.

29. Multiple entries & multiple exit system
Different colleges in the same place, different States, different
departments within the University, or inter University, Credits get
transferred.
Any course can be selected – Freedom
Students can leave in between due to health, financial condition,
marriage, transfer etc., can continue after some years.
Skill based education – computer to commerce, major in CSE & minor
in Commerce.

30. Benefits to University
oHow it works :
 It is a digital bank. Student can verify credit.
 It is possible to add Credit at any time.
 Universities will have healthy competition – skill based
 Credit can be transferred, redemption.
 University should register by taking permission from
the AICTE approval.

31. ABC implementation methodology.
 It is a service provider, Inter / Intra University system.
 Integrated skill into formal credit system linked to NAD.
 Accumulate & redeem credits for program at convenient time.
 Online store of Credit & data.
 Transcript – All credits will be available here.
 One credit - 15 hours in a week, 100hrs – duration – 3 years
normally.

32. Shelf life:
 Subject may have different shelf life. IOT, AI, ML may have
less shelf life.
 Literature / Language may have more shelf life.
 Multiple mode, multiple countries, multiple ways, freedom
of subjects / universities / countries.
 Education 4.0 – Students centricity.
 Online / ODL in a blended mode of education delivery
 Creation of National Education Technology Framework

33.  Promotion of internationalization
 Multidisciplinary – Mathematics with music etc.
 Use of vocational courses & credits for award of general degree.
 Overall flexibility is the key
 Multiple entries multiple exit
 Adequate importance of Arts & Humanities subjects
 Single entrance examination
 Support for Adult education & mature learners

34. Online Degree Courses
• UGC has permitted 900 Autonomous colleges to start online
degree courses from the academic year 2022-23
• Separate permission from UGC is not required. Only guidelines to
be followed properly.
• Only those colleges having NIRF rank within 100 OR those HEI
having NAAC score 3.26 and above are eligible to start.
• This is to increase the enrollment ratio from 26.5% to 50% latest
by 2035.
• Eligibility for admission is only pass in 12th std. for UG and pass in
UG for PG
• Online proctored evaluation by NTA. Minimum 75% attendance is a
must for taking the examination.
• All the treatments are at par with the conventional degrees.