Neighbourhood development strategy
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UN Habitat: A new strategy for sustainable neighborhood and its principles. Key features of sustainable neighbourhoods. A Neighborhood for Children, Aged & Disabled People. etc
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- The document discusses two historical neighborhood concepts - Radburn neighborhood model by Stein and Wright, and Clarence Perry's neighborhood unit concept. Both aimed to design self-contained neighborhoods with boundaries, green spaces, and pedestrian-focused streets, though they differed in maximum walking distances and treatment as overlapping vs separate units.
- Neighborhoods are considered the basic building block of cities in planning, with the goal of improving social and physical environments. However, increased mobility has challenged the social benefits of neighborhoods.
- Contemporary developments often prioritize financial goals over unified social and physical environments, though neighborhoods remain important for decentralized, community-focused planning.
Clarence perry
Clarence Perry was an American urban planner from the early 20th century. He is considered a pioneer in neighborhood unit planning. The key aspects of Perry's neighborhood unit model include centering an elementary school in the middle, placing arterial streets along the perimeter, designing a hierarchy of internal streets, and restricting local shopping to the perimeter. The goal was to create self-contained neighborhoods that promoted community and protected residents, especially children, from traffic.
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Ebenezer Howard proposed the garden city concept as a solution to problems in late 19th century cities. He envisioned self-sufficient towns of around 30,000 people, surrounded by greenbelts, that combined the benefits of town and country living without their drawbacks. Letchworth Garden City, built in 1903, was the first to implement Howard's ideas of concentric design and separation of housing, industry and agriculture. The garden city movement aimed to reform urban planning and integrate people more with nature.
Neighbourhood Concept
The document discusses the concept of the neighborhood unit plan proposed by Clarence Perry in the 1920s. The key aspects of Perry's plan included:
1) Neighborhoods of a fixed size to support one elementary school
2) Boundaries defined by arterial streets to discourage through traffic
3) Open spaces like parks and playgrounds making up 10% of the area
4) Community facilities like schools and shops located near the center
5) An internal street network to facilitate circulation within the neighborhood
Recommended
Determinants or Urban Form urban morphology
This document discusses urban morphology and the determinants of urban form. It begins by defining key terms like form, urban form, and urban morphology. It then describes the two main types of urban form - organic and grid oriented. The main determinants that shape urban form are described as natural (e.g. topography, climate) and man-made (e.g. political, religious, economic). Specific examples of each determinant are provided with images to illustrate how the determinant influenced the urban form. The document also includes a glossary defining terms commonly used in urban design like urban block, public realm, grain, and density.
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Land Use and Legibility- two basic and yet important terms used in Urban design. The definition, history and examples are listed through the presentation.
Compact city
This document provides an overview of the concept of a compact city presented by a group of students. It begins with listing the group members and structure of the presentation. It then discusses the origin of compact cities, defines what a compact city is, and outlines the compact city model. Key characteristics of compact cities are presented for both developed and developing countries. The document contrasts compact cities with urban sprawl and defines an eco-compact city model. It lists indicators to measure compact cities and discusses both positive and negative impacts. Finally, it provides examples of cities that depict the compact city model.
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This PPT delivered to Scholars of Indian School of Public Policy discusses status and issues associated with affordable housing, slum upgradation, slum redevelopment in cities of India
Neighborhood concepts
- The document discusses two historical neighborhood concepts - Radburn neighborhood model by Stein and Wright, and Clarence Perry's neighborhood unit concept. Both aimed to design self-contained neighborhoods with boundaries, green spaces, and pedestrian-focused streets, though they differed in maximum walking distances and treatment as overlapping vs separate units.
- Neighborhoods are considered the basic building block of cities in planning, with the goal of improving social and physical environments. However, increased mobility has challenged the social benefits of neighborhoods.
- Contemporary developments often prioritize financial goals over unified social and physical environments, though neighborhoods remain important for decentralized, community-focused planning.
Clarence perry
Clarence Perry was an American urban planner from the early 20th century. He is considered a pioneer in neighborhood unit planning. The key aspects of Perry's neighborhood unit model include centering an elementary school in the middle, placing arterial streets along the perimeter, designing a hierarchy of internal streets, and restricting local shopping to the perimeter. The goal was to create self-contained neighborhoods that promoted community and protected residents, especially children, from traffic.
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Ebenezer Howard proposed the garden city concept as a solution to problems in late 19th century cities. He envisioned self-sufficient towns of around 30,000 people, surrounded by greenbelts, that combined the benefits of town and country living without their drawbacks. Letchworth Garden City, built in 1903, was the first to implement Howard's ideas of concentric design and separation of housing, industry and agriculture. The garden city movement aimed to reform urban planning and integrate people more with nature.
Neighbourhood Concept
The document discusses the concept of the neighborhood unit plan proposed by Clarence Perry in the 1920s. The key aspects of Perry's plan included:
1) Neighborhoods of a fixed size to support one elementary school
2) Boundaries defined by arterial streets to discourage through traffic
3) Open spaces like parks and playgrounds making up 10% of the area
4) Community facilities like schools and shops located near the center
5) An internal street network to facilitate circulation within the neighborhood
evolution of human settlements
The document describes the evolution of human settlements from early nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to permanent agricultural communities and eventually urban settlements. Early humans lived as nomads but began settling near sources of food and water as they learned farming. River valleys were popular early sites as they provided fertile land and resources. Settlements grew into organized communities with social hierarchies, division of labor, and new building types like castles and temples. Advanced civilizations featured specialized occupations, trade networks, and dense urban areas with infrastructure and cultural institutions.
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Contains a description of planning types and main processes. A detailed description of Land Use planning and land use models is provided.
Public Realm In Cities
This document discusses the public realm in cities. It defines public realm as shared communal space like parks, plazas, pathways, and streets. Public spaces influence city form and function through daily community interactions. The aim of public realm is for individuals to experience place together as a community, either directly or indirectly participating in public life. Examples of public realm components discussed include streets, parks, plazas, and art in public spaces. Properties like imageability, accessibility, meaning, continuity, choice, and flexibility are important to planning and designing liveable public spaces.
Belapur Incremental housing - A case study
The document summarizes Charles Correa's incremental housing project in CBD Belapur, India. It describes the project's low-cost housing typologies designed around communal courtyards. Housing was organized into clusters of 7-12 pairs of freestanding homes arranged around shared spaces. This allowed residents to independently modify their own homes over time. While many original structures have been replaced, the hierarchy of community spaces remains intact decades later. The project demonstrated high-density affordable housing built at a human scale with simple materials. However, maintaining common spaces and adapting to changing aspirations have presented challenges over time.
Clarence perry
Clarence Perry was an early 20th century American planner who developed the concept of the neighborhood unit. The neighborhood unit aimed to design self-contained residential areas that promoted community and protected residents from industrial areas and traffic. Key elements included centering the neighborhood around an elementary school, placing arterial streets on the perimeter, and dedicating 10% of land to parks and open space. The ideal neighborhood unit size was 5,000-6,000 people and 160 acres to allow children to walk half a mile to school and residents to access local services. Neighborhood planning principles focused on size, boundaries, internal streets, land use mix, and locating community facilities to encourage social interaction.
Chandigarh City Planning
The document discusses the city planning of Chandigarh, India. It describes how Le Corbusier revised the initial plan by Albert Mayer, dividing the city into sectors of about 1200 by 800 meters. Each sector was designed as an autonomous neighborhood with housing, schools, shops, and recreational spaces. The capital complex was shifted to a higher ground and designed according to Le Corbusier's philosophies. While the planning approach was praised for creating a well-organized city, it was also criticized for being too standardized and not reflecting Indian culture and ways of life. The document analyzes the planning concepts and provides an overview of the development of Chandigarh.
Image of city
The document discusses elements of urban design that shape cities, including buildings, public spaces, streets, landscape, and their interrelationships. It also summarizes Kevin Lynch's book "The Image of the City", which examines how residents mentally map their city based on paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. Finally, it provides examples of these elements in Mysore, India, highlighting landmarks like the Ambavilas Palace, focal points like Chamaraja Circle, and the city's planned layout with vistas, public squares, and response of buildings to the street network.
Data survey design for Urban Planning
To plan a city/region, we require base data on which information extrapolation & decisions may happen. Hence, Identify ‘data needed’, and Identify ‘needs of data’ collection
Inspection survey:
A) Direct :
Observe traffic count/ situation
Observe housing quality
Observe economic activity
Observe social parameters, etc.
B) Indirect:
Clubbing of directly observed ‘indicators’ to generate area’s possible ‘proxy’.
For e.g. housing condition + plot sizes + no. & types of vehicles + consumer goods = income range
. Personal interview/ Dialogue:
A questionnaire is designed beforehand at appropriate scale:
Nominal Scale : Yes or No
Ordinal Scale : Possible options or multiple choice questions
Interval Scale : Range/ intervals like age group or income group
Structured questions are precise and one-way
Semi-structure survey is a two-way information flow. It’s an informal dialogue in which the surveyor might receive new information from respondent/s. however, it depends on;
Behavioural factors of surveyor and respondents
Questions not to be ambiguous or long
Managing conversation and seeking pin-point answers
Judging responses without bias
Recording interview
Avoiding errors
Cross-checking with other respondents
Major land uses to be identified for analysing physical distribution and existing conditions:
Developed
Under-developed
Un-developed
Major uses marked on map are as per the defined regional/city level plans, like;
Urbanizable zone
Industrial zone
Transportation & Communication zone
roads, railways, MRTS, Seaports, Dockyards, Airports, Bus depots/ terminals, freight complexes, transmission and communication
Primary activity zone
Agriculture, poultry, rural settlements, brick kilns, extraction areas
Open area zone
Recreation zone, green buffer zone
Protected/ Eco-sensitive zone
Water bodies, forests, sanctuaries, coastal zone, wetlands, marshy zone
special area zone
Heritage & conservation zone, scenic value, tourism zone, defence area/ zone, border conflict zone
Data regarding demographic characteristics;
Population growth (natural, induced)
Population size (age-wise)
Population density
Population distribution
Gender ratio
Socio-Economic status
Religion
Marital status
Education ratio
School dropouts
Gender-wise enrolment in schools, colleges
Mortality rate (age-wise)
Birth rate
Health rate (in some surveys)
Sample types for doing household/ demographic surveys;
Simple Random sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling
Multistage sampling
There are nine steps involved in the development of a questionnaire:
Decide the information required.
Define the target respondents.
Choose the method(s) of reaching your target respondents.
Decide on question content.
Develop simple & clear wording of questions
Put the questions into a meaningful order and format.
Check the length of the questionnaire.
Pre-test the questionnaire
Develop the final survey form.
Placemaking
Placemaking involves designing public spaces to serve the people and bring communities together through mixed uses, successful streets, open spaces, appropriate urban scale, movement frameworks, and a sense of place. It is about making spaces that people gravitate towards and that capture the soul of a neighborhood by creating local identity and embracing the people, buildings, events, and nature in an area. The goal is to take back the public realm and create character and meaning to make a space a living place for the community.
Urban design basic factors
It is an assignment on urban design basic factors, whereas a designer should keep in mind in urban designing.
Here I tried to describe factors by pointing as anyone could find a basic concept o urban design. Hope it'll be helpful.
Urban square
Urban squares have historically served as important public gathering spaces, often located at crossroads of trade routes. They function to provide shelter from traffic and represent psychological parking areas within cities. Factors that influence squares include surrounding buildings, proportions, entrance angles and central features. Squares can take different forms such as closed spaces enclosed by uniform buildings, dominated squares oriented around a focal point, nuclear squares with a central monument, grouped squares that combine into a whole, and amorphous squares without coherent shape. Over time, squares may evolve as new structures are added or old ones changed or destroyed.
Town planning radburn concept
Radburn was a planned community developed in 1929 based on principles of separating pedestrian and vehicle traffic. It had 25,000 residents within 149 acres containing single family homes, row houses, and apartments arranged around a network of cul-de-sacs and footpaths connecting to interior parks and community spaces. The development pioneered concepts like the superblock and was an early example of integrating residential, commercial, and industrial areas with open spaces.
tara group housing
The document describes the Tara Housing Group project in New Delhi, India. It was designed to provide affordable housing for middle-class families in a suburb of New Delhi. The design arranged single-family flats into united blocks around a central garden. This preserved privacy while providing access to shared open space. Each unit had an open terrace and maximized natural light and ventilation. While successful for its time, the design faces challenges today in accommodating increased living standards and development regulations around services, density, parking, and unit sizes. However, the social aspects of community space, interaction, and comfort remain relevant lessons for contemporary housing.
District center (college projects)
The document provides details for designing the Greater Noida District Centre, including its aims, major aspects of study, services and facilities, landscape components, job distribution to groups, and site analysis. Key points include preparing an urban form and design by integrating various disciplines. The district centre will include components like retail shopping, commercial offices, service centers, cultural complex, hotel, and landscaping. Site analysis is conducted and the allotted site is near Software Technology Park with many amenities.
yamuna appartment case study.pptx
The Yamuna Apartments housing complex in India was designed for lower-middle income residents and incorporates traditional Indian village design elements. The 200-unit development is arranged around pedestrian walkways called "galis" that converge on a central square, allowing residents to interact. Each unit overlooks the galis and includes a living room with balcony, private bedrooms, kitchen, and bathroom around a central light well. Landscaping, community spaces, and limiting vehicular access to the perimeter create a lively social environment emulating a village.
serial vision
Architecture and urban design are public art forms that people experience through their daily activities in cities. While other art forms can be avoided, people cannot choose to avoid experiencing the built environment as they move through urban spaces. Aesthetic preferences in environments are influenced by both natural and learned social and cultural factors, and Jack Nasar identified five attributes of liked environments: naturalness, upkeep, openness, historical significance/content, and order. As people experience cities through movement, Gordon Cullen's concept of "serial vision" describes how urban design can create a series of revelations and contrasts that engage observers as their viewpoint changes.
Neighbourhood Planning
The document discusses the principles and concepts of neighborhood planning. It explains that neighborhood planning aims to create small residential units of 2,000-5,000 people to foster a sense of community. Key aspects of neighborhood planning include limiting the size to a walkable area, using boundary roads, incorporating green spaces, designing internal streets for safety, providing a mix of housing, locating shops and community centers in central areas, and including facilities like schools and parks within 1 km to encourage social life. The principles of neighborhood planning aim to balance residential development with community spaces and recreation to recreate the lost neighborhood relationships of modern cities.
ARANYA HOUSING CASE STUDY
The document summarizes a master plan for a new township development near Indore, India with the following key points:
- The plan was developed for a 220 acre site intended to house an initial population of 40,000 people. The master plan divided the site into sectors with a central commercial and institutional spine and mixed land uses.
- Housing was provided for a range of income groups, with lower income housing located centrally and higher income housing along perimeter roads. Basic infrastructure like roads, water, sewage was provided to each housing plot.
- The envisioned built form took cues from traditional local architecture, with low-rise, high density development and continuity of built edges to encourage community interaction while providing privacy
CLARENCE STEIN
The assignment is done by a student of BMSSA on a Case Study on Clarence Stein for the contribution he made towards Urban planning.
Urban Redevelopment
A Report on Urban Redevelopment which covers Introduction, Indicators of Redevelopment(Construction, Rehabilitation & Relocation), Local Study(Bangladesh), International Study of Redevelopment, Preservation aspect, and most important part of Redevelopment i.e. Methodology.
L'Urbanisme
L’urbanisme désigne l'ensemble des sciences, des techniques et des arts relatifs à l'organisation et à l'aménagement des espaces urbains, en vue d'assurer le bien-être de l'homme et d'améliorer les rapports sociaux en préservant l'environnement. Les professionnels qui exercent ce métier sont des urbanistes.
Regulation 14 consultation
The document provides information about the Histon & Impington Neighbourhood Plan, including:
- The importance of having a Neighbourhood Plan for securing funding and controlling development.
- The territory covered by the plan, which excludes some areas near Cambridge.
- An overview of the community's characteristics including amenities, employment, and housing.
- Issues identified through community surveys such as maintaining village character, healthcare, housing, and transport.
- A vision statement outlining goals for the community's future development.
- Six priority areas and four guiding principles to achieve the vision.
- Specific policies addressing each priority area, such as design standards, protecting employment sites, and open space
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evolution of human settlements
The document describes the evolution of human settlements from early nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to permanent agricultural communities and eventually urban settlements. Early humans lived as nomads but began settling near sources of food and water as they learned farming. River valleys were popular early sites as they provided fertile land and resources. Settlements grew into organized communities with social hierarchies, division of labor, and new building types like castles and temples. Advanced civilizations featured specialized occupations, trade networks, and dense urban areas with infrastructure and cultural institutions.
Urban Planning Types, Processes and History
Contains a description of planning types and main processes. A detailed description of Land Use planning and land use models is provided.
Public Realm In Cities
This document discusses the public realm in cities. It defines public realm as shared communal space like parks, plazas, pathways, and streets. Public spaces influence city form and function through daily community interactions. The aim of public realm is for individuals to experience place together as a community, either directly or indirectly participating in public life. Examples of public realm components discussed include streets, parks, plazas, and art in public spaces. Properties like imageability, accessibility, meaning, continuity, choice, and flexibility are important to planning and designing liveable public spaces.
Belapur Incremental housing - A case study
The document summarizes Charles Correa's incremental housing project in CBD Belapur, India. It describes the project's low-cost housing typologies designed around communal courtyards. Housing was organized into clusters of 7-12 pairs of freestanding homes arranged around shared spaces. This allowed residents to independently modify their own homes over time. While many original structures have been replaced, the hierarchy of community spaces remains intact decades later. The project demonstrated high-density affordable housing built at a human scale with simple materials. However, maintaining common spaces and adapting to changing aspirations have presented challenges over time.
Clarence perry
Clarence Perry was an early 20th century American planner who developed the concept of the neighborhood unit. The neighborhood unit aimed to design self-contained residential areas that promoted community and protected residents from industrial areas and traffic. Key elements included centering the neighborhood around an elementary school, placing arterial streets on the perimeter, and dedicating 10% of land to parks and open space. The ideal neighborhood unit size was 5,000-6,000 people and 160 acres to allow children to walk half a mile to school and residents to access local services. Neighborhood planning principles focused on size, boundaries, internal streets, land use mix, and locating community facilities to encourage social interaction.
Chandigarh City Planning
The document discusses the city planning of Chandigarh, India. It describes how Le Corbusier revised the initial plan by Albert Mayer, dividing the city into sectors of about 1200 by 800 meters. Each sector was designed as an autonomous neighborhood with housing, schools, shops, and recreational spaces. The capital complex was shifted to a higher ground and designed according to Le Corbusier's philosophies. While the planning approach was praised for creating a well-organized city, it was also criticized for being too standardized and not reflecting Indian culture and ways of life. The document analyzes the planning concepts and provides an overview of the development of Chandigarh.
Image of city
The document discusses elements of urban design that shape cities, including buildings, public spaces, streets, landscape, and their interrelationships. It also summarizes Kevin Lynch's book "The Image of the City", which examines how residents mentally map their city based on paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. Finally, it provides examples of these elements in Mysore, India, highlighting landmarks like the Ambavilas Palace, focal points like Chamaraja Circle, and the city's planned layout with vistas, public squares, and response of buildings to the street network.
Data survey design for Urban Planning
To plan a city/region, we require base data on which information extrapolation & decisions may happen. Hence, Identify ‘data needed’, and Identify ‘needs of data’ collection
Inspection survey:
A) Direct :
Observe traffic count/ situation
Observe housing quality
Observe economic activity
Observe social parameters, etc.
B) Indirect:
Clubbing of directly observed ‘indicators’ to generate area’s possible ‘proxy’.
For e.g. housing condition + plot sizes + no. & types of vehicles + consumer goods = income range
. Personal interview/ Dialogue:
A questionnaire is designed beforehand at appropriate scale:
Nominal Scale : Yes or No
Ordinal Scale : Possible options or multiple choice questions
Interval Scale : Range/ intervals like age group or income group
Structured questions are precise and one-way
Semi-structure survey is a two-way information flow. It’s an informal dialogue in which the surveyor might receive new information from respondent/s. however, it depends on;
Behavioural factors of surveyor and respondents
Questions not to be ambiguous or long
Managing conversation and seeking pin-point answers
Judging responses without bias
Recording interview
Avoiding errors
Cross-checking with other respondents
Major land uses to be identified for analysing physical distribution and existing conditions:
Developed
Under-developed
Un-developed
Major uses marked on map are as per the defined regional/city level plans, like;
Urbanizable zone
Industrial zone
Transportation & Communication zone
roads, railways, MRTS, Seaports, Dockyards, Airports, Bus depots/ terminals, freight complexes, transmission and communication
Primary activity zone
Agriculture, poultry, rural settlements, brick kilns, extraction areas
Open area zone
Recreation zone, green buffer zone
Protected/ Eco-sensitive zone
Water bodies, forests, sanctuaries, coastal zone, wetlands, marshy zone
special area zone
Heritage & conservation zone, scenic value, tourism zone, defence area/ zone, border conflict zone
Data regarding demographic characteristics;
Population growth (natural, induced)
Population size (age-wise)
Population density
Population distribution
Gender ratio
Socio-Economic status
Religion
Marital status
Education ratio
School dropouts
Gender-wise enrolment in schools, colleges
Mortality rate (age-wise)
Birth rate
Health rate (in some surveys)
Sample types for doing household/ demographic surveys;
Simple Random sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling
Multistage sampling
There are nine steps involved in the development of a questionnaire:
Decide the information required.
Define the target respondents.
Choose the method(s) of reaching your target respondents.
Decide on question content.
Develop simple & clear wording of questions
Put the questions into a meaningful order and format.
Check the length of the questionnaire.
Pre-test the questionnaire
Develop the final survey form.
Placemaking
Placemaking involves designing public spaces to serve the people and bring communities together through mixed uses, successful streets, open spaces, appropriate urban scale, movement frameworks, and a sense of place. It is about making spaces that people gravitate towards and that capture the soul of a neighborhood by creating local identity and embracing the people, buildings, events, and nature in an area. The goal is to take back the public realm and create character and meaning to make a space a living place for the community.
Urban design basic factors
It is an assignment on urban design basic factors, whereas a designer should keep in mind in urban designing.
Here I tried to describe factors by pointing as anyone could find a basic concept o urban design. Hope it'll be helpful.
Urban square
Urban squares have historically served as important public gathering spaces, often located at crossroads of trade routes. They function to provide shelter from traffic and represent psychological parking areas within cities. Factors that influence squares include surrounding buildings, proportions, entrance angles and central features. Squares can take different forms such as closed spaces enclosed by uniform buildings, dominated squares oriented around a focal point, nuclear squares with a central monument, grouped squares that combine into a whole, and amorphous squares without coherent shape. Over time, squares may evolve as new structures are added or old ones changed or destroyed.
Town planning radburn concept
Radburn was a planned community developed in 1929 based on principles of separating pedestrian and vehicle traffic. It had 25,000 residents within 149 acres containing single family homes, row houses, and apartments arranged around a network of cul-de-sacs and footpaths connecting to interior parks and community spaces. The development pioneered concepts like the superblock and was an early example of integrating residential, commercial, and industrial areas with open spaces.
tara group housing
The document describes the Tara Housing Group project in New Delhi, India. It was designed to provide affordable housing for middle-class families in a suburb of New Delhi. The design arranged single-family flats into united blocks around a central garden. This preserved privacy while providing access to shared open space. Each unit had an open terrace and maximized natural light and ventilation. While successful for its time, the design faces challenges today in accommodating increased living standards and development regulations around services, density, parking, and unit sizes. However, the social aspects of community space, interaction, and comfort remain relevant lessons for contemporary housing.
District center (college projects)
The document provides details for designing the Greater Noida District Centre, including its aims, major aspects of study, services and facilities, landscape components, job distribution to groups, and site analysis. Key points include preparing an urban form and design by integrating various disciplines. The district centre will include components like retail shopping, commercial offices, service centers, cultural complex, hotel, and landscaping. Site analysis is conducted and the allotted site is near Software Technology Park with many amenities.
yamuna appartment case study.pptx
The Yamuna Apartments housing complex in India was designed for lower-middle income residents and incorporates traditional Indian village design elements. The 200-unit development is arranged around pedestrian walkways called "galis" that converge on a central square, allowing residents to interact. Each unit overlooks the galis and includes a living room with balcony, private bedrooms, kitchen, and bathroom around a central light well. Landscaping, community spaces, and limiting vehicular access to the perimeter create a lively social environment emulating a village.
serial vision
Architecture and urban design are public art forms that people experience through their daily activities in cities. While other art forms can be avoided, people cannot choose to avoid experiencing the built environment as they move through urban spaces. Aesthetic preferences in environments are influenced by both natural and learned social and cultural factors, and Jack Nasar identified five attributes of liked environments: naturalness, upkeep, openness, historical significance/content, and order. As people experience cities through movement, Gordon Cullen's concept of "serial vision" describes how urban design can create a series of revelations and contrasts that engage observers as their viewpoint changes.
Neighbourhood Planning
The document discusses the principles and concepts of neighborhood planning. It explains that neighborhood planning aims to create small residential units of 2,000-5,000 people to foster a sense of community. Key aspects of neighborhood planning include limiting the size to a walkable area, using boundary roads, incorporating green spaces, designing internal streets for safety, providing a mix of housing, locating shops and community centers in central areas, and including facilities like schools and parks within 1 km to encourage social life. The principles of neighborhood planning aim to balance residential development with community spaces and recreation to recreate the lost neighborhood relationships of modern cities.
ARANYA HOUSING CASE STUDY
The document summarizes a master plan for a new township development near Indore, India with the following key points:
- The plan was developed for a 220 acre site intended to house an initial population of 40,000 people. The master plan divided the site into sectors with a central commercial and institutional spine and mixed land uses.
- Housing was provided for a range of income groups, with lower income housing located centrally and higher income housing along perimeter roads. Basic infrastructure like roads, water, sewage was provided to each housing plot.
- The envisioned built form took cues from traditional local architecture, with low-rise, high density development and continuity of built edges to encourage community interaction while providing privacy
CLARENCE STEIN
The assignment is done by a student of BMSSA on a Case Study on Clarence Stein for the contribution he made towards Urban planning.
Urban Redevelopment
A Report on Urban Redevelopment which covers Introduction, Indicators of Redevelopment(Construction, Rehabilitation & Relocation), Local Study(Bangladesh), International Study of Redevelopment, Preservation aspect, and most important part of Redevelopment i.e. Methodology.
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L'Urbanisme
L’urbanisme désigne l'ensemble des sciences, des techniques et des arts relatifs à l'organisation et à l'aménagement des espaces urbains, en vue d'assurer le bien-être de l'homme et d'améliorer les rapports sociaux en préservant l'environnement. Les professionnels qui exercent ce métier sont des urbanistes.
Regulation 14 consultation
The document provides information about the Histon & Impington Neighbourhood Plan, including:
- The importance of having a Neighbourhood Plan for securing funding and controlling development.
- The territory covered by the plan, which excludes some areas near Cambridge.
- An overview of the community's characteristics including amenities, employment, and housing.
- Issues identified through community surveys such as maintaining village character, healthcare, housing, and transport.
- A vision statement outlining goals for the community's future development.
- Six priority areas and four guiding principles to achieve the vision.
- Specific policies addressing each priority area, such as design standards, protecting employment sites, and open space
Housing and housing policy, HSTU
Housing and housing policy, HSTUArchitecture Depatment,Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University,Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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2. High density of at least 15,000 people per square km.
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Neighbourhood plan jan 15 all input
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2) A conceptual project in Singapore that combines senior housing with vertical urban farming to provide housing and employment.
3) An incremental, mixed-income housing project in India called Aranya that uses local materials and self-construction techniques.Group 10
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The document outlines a proposed EcoInnovation District plan for Uptown/West Oakland in Pittsburgh. The plan was created through community engagement to improve equitable growth, economic development, and sustainability in the area. Key strategies in the plan include preserving affordable housing, encouraging mixed-use and green development, protecting existing residents and businesses, and providing more transportation choices such as improved bus service.
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This document outlines the principles of smart growth development, which aims to curb urban sprawl and environmental degradation. The 10 principles are to mix land uses, take advantage of compact building design, create a range of housing and walkable neighborhoods, foster distinctive communities with a strong sense of place, preserve open space and environmental areas, strengthen existing communities, provide transportation choices, and make development predictable, fair, and encourage community collaboration. Examples are given for how principles like mixed land uses, compact design, and range of housing can achieve these goals.
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Neighbourhood development strategy
- 1. 1
- 2. 1. Adequate space for street and efficient street network. 2. High density. 3. Mixed land use. 4. Social mix. 5. Limited land-use specialization. 2
- 3. Objectives of five Principles Promote high density urban growth, alleviate urban sprawl and maximize land efficiency. Promote sustainable, diversified, socially equal and thriving communities in economically viable ways. Encourage walkable neighbourhoods and reduce car dependency. Optimise use of land and provide an interconnected network of streets which facilitate safe, efficient and pleasant walking, cycling and driving. Foster local employment, local production and local consumption. Provide a variety of lot sizes and housing types to cater for the diverse housing needs of the community, at densities which can ultimately support the provision of local services. 3
- 4. Key features of sustainable neighbourhoods A vibrant street life Walkability Affordability Eco-friendly Liveable Safety 4
- 5. A Neighborhood for Children, Aged & Disabled People • Parks & Playgrounds for children • Community Spaces, especially for aged people • Footpaths • Wheelchair accessible Streets for the Disabled A Neighbourhood for all with streets with ramps For specially disabled 5
- 6. Principle 1: Adequate space for streets and an efficient street network Characteristics of street design: •Streets are walkable and cyclist friendly • Public transport is encouraged • Road hierarchy is highly interconnected • Sufficient parking space is provided 6
- 7. Principle 2: High density High density has economic, social and environmental benefits as follows: Efficient land use slows down urban sprawl because high density neighbourhoods can accommodate more people per area. Reduced public service costs. Support for better community service. Reduced car dependency and parking demand, and increased support for public transport. Provision of social equity. Support for better public open space. Increased energy efficiency and decreased pollution. 7
- 8. Principle 3: Mixed land-use The purpose of mixed land-use is To create local jobs, promote the local economy, reduce car dependency, encourage pedestrian and cyclist traffic, reduce landscape fragmentation, provide closer public services and support mixed communities. 8
- 9. Principle 4: Social mix Social mix is a socio-spatial concept, with the following objectives: To promote more social interaction and social cohesion across groups; To generate job opportunities; To attract additional services to the neighborhood; To sustain renewal/regeneration initiatives. 9
- 10. Cont… Possible policies include: Promoting social mix by mixing tenures and developing sales programmes within public estates; Achieving social mix through allocation policies and the spatial distribution of poor households.; Investing in and improving public housing; Achieving social mix by urban and housing design; Promoting multi-level employment within the community; Working with private developers to increase public housing supply; Providing plots in different sizes and with different regulations, to increase the diversity of housing options. 10
- 11. Principle 5: Limited land-use specialization To combine compatible land-uses into one block and neighborhood; To introduce mixed land- use zoning while respecting market demand and cities’ urban by-laws and regulations. Source: City of Vancouver Zoning map,2006 Source: Burrard Slopes IC Districts Interim Policies 1996 11
- 12. Introduction of A neighborhood center area that serves as a focal point of the neighborhood and contains retail, commercial, civic and public services that are arranged around a central element Community, art and cultural uses and programming in this community centre are expected to vary to meet the demands of residents and in response to the initiative of individuals and groups. Based upon the design, likely uses include a small vegetable market, organized and informal indoor sports, daycare space, a work-out gym and youth programs. PLACES FOR SOCIAL FACE-TO- FACE INTERACTION Neighborhood centre 12
- 13. Application of the Five Principles Fast growing cities New urban settlements and urban extensions Urban renewal and renaissance Urban densification 13