Adneksiyal kitlelere yaklaşım dr aydın köşüşAydın Köşüş
Adneksiyal kitlelerde izlenecek yöntem nasıl olmalıdır? Laparoskopinin yönetimde yeri nedir? Her adneksiyal kitleye cerrahi gerekir mi? Çocuklardaki adneksiyal kitlelerde yönetim nasıl olmalıdır?
This document summarizes a lecture given by Jayadeva de Silva on creating the life you desire. It discusses various topics covered in the lecture, including statistics about diseases, examples of fundraising by Ryan Hreljac to build wells in Africa, the impact of Ryan's work including building wells in multiple countries, and a study on common mistakes in answering logic questions. It also shares ratings on different factors related to happiness and well-being.
Adneksiyal kitlelere yaklaşım dr aydın köşüşAydın Köşüş
Adneksiyal kitlelerde izlenecek yöntem nasıl olmalıdır? Laparoskopinin yönetimde yeri nedir? Her adneksiyal kitleye cerrahi gerekir mi? Çocuklardaki adneksiyal kitlelerde yönetim nasıl olmalıdır?
This document summarizes a lecture given by Jayadeva de Silva on creating the life you desire. It discusses various topics covered in the lecture, including statistics about diseases, examples of fundraising by Ryan Hreljac to build wells in Africa, the impact of Ryan's work including building wells in multiple countries, and a study on common mistakes in answering logic questions. It also shares ratings on different factors related to happiness and well-being.
- Insurance companies provide insurance policies to policyholders in exchange for premium payments. The policies are legally binding contracts where the insurance company agrees to pay specified sums if future events occur, such as death or an accident.
- Insurance companies accept the risk from policyholders in exchange for premiums. They determine which applications to accept and how much to charge through underwriting. Premiums provide stable revenue while payments to policyholders are the major expense.
- There are various types of insurance like life, health, property & casualty, liability, and investment-oriented products. Insurance companies combine these types of insurance in different ways and are regulated at the state level in the US.
1) The writer complained to the people behind him at the theatre because they were talking loudly and he could not hear the actors on stage.
2) The writer's aunt was surprised that he was having breakfast at 1pm on a Sunday, as he usually slept late on weekends.
3) The writer went on holiday to Italy but did not send any postcards to his friends, even though he thought about sending them every day.
4) The writer's brother Tim is finding his trip to places around Australia exciting because it is his first time traveling abroad.
Climb - Property-based dispatch in functional languages [Report]Christopher Chedeau
The document discusses property-based dispatch in functional programming languages. It first examines how the C++ library Olena uses properties to dispatch algorithms to specialized implementations at compile-time. It then presents an alternative approach using properties for dispatch in Common Lisp, taking advantage of its dynamic nature and lambda functions. Finally, it reviews different dispatch techniques in other languages like JavaScript, Python, and Haskell to understand common concerns in implementing dispatch.
This document provides guidelines for politely asking for and offering help, including using formal greetings, saying "Excuse me" or "Sorry" when asking for help, using "Could" or "Would" and saying "Please." It also recommends phrases for offering help such as "Would you like some help?" and "Can I give you a hand?" and suggests saying "No, thanks" while smiling when refusing help.
The document summarizes health system activities in Ngaputaw township, located in a mountainous region of Myanmar where 90% of the population lives rurally. A 2011 assessment informed a Coordinated Township Health Plan to improve access through package tours by health staff to remote areas under each Rural Health Center. The plan focused on maternal and child health including clean delivery, nutrition, immunizations and environmental sanitation. Training of auxiliary midwives and community health workers aimed to strengthen linkages between communities and health staff through health education and early emergency referrals. A hospital equity fund launched in 2012 increased utilization and high-risk pregnancy referrals by supporting treatment costs for poor mothers and children. Quarterly review meetings evaluated progress in implementing
The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching students about the story "The Lucky Octopus" which focuses on identifying adjectives, making predictions, discussing character qualities, and learning about moral values such as honesty and bravery. Students will work individually and in groups to read excerpts from the story, underline adjectives, answer questions about characters, and identify qualities they look for in a friend. The lesson integrates skills like reading, writing, speaking, and aims to develop students' thinking abilities and knowledge.
MS Foods Plan A Quarterly Newsletter February 2016Ray McCreadie
The newsletter provides updates on Marks & Spencer's sustainability initiatives, including two additional sites achieving silver status. It announces changes to the silver validation process to increase throughput and require continuous improvement. Suppliers are encouraged to attend workshops, exchanges, and farm visits to help embed sustainability in their businesses and work towards silver and gold levels.
Rising Asia - Inaugural Issue, April 2015Rumman Ahamed
The document discusses the history and development of Bangladesh over the past 67 years since independence from British rule. It summarizes that Bangladesh has made some progress in reducing poverty, increasing access to water and education, and improving health outcomes like infant mortality. However, it notes Bangladesh still lags behind other Asian countries economically and many people remain in poverty. It attributes this to weaknesses in Bangladesh's political and bureaucratic systems, which lack clear direction and vision and are more focused on ideology and corruption than effective management and business practices needed to promote development. The document calls for Bangladeshi leadership to adopt a new pragmatic and market-oriented approach focused on growth if the country is to overcome poverty and catch up economically with its neighbors.
This document provides background information on Michael Hames-Garcia, an author and professor who writes about race and identity. It outlines his education and publications. The introduction discusses Hames-Garcia's perspective on different scholarly positions regarding beliefs about race and his aim to clarify these positions. He examines approaches that view racial identity as a problem rather than a solution, and discusses theorists like Wendy Brown, Walter Benn Michaels, Anibal Quijano and Manuel Castells. Hames-Garcia ultimately argues that while race exists socially and psychologically, it also has real material and economic impacts due to the effects and legacies of racism.
घरेलु बालश्रम परिचय
विश्वमा २४ करोडभन्दा बढी बालबालिकाहरू श्रममा संलग्न रहेको तितो यथार्थभित्र बाँचिरहेका हाम्रा बालबालिकाहरूको भविष्य र त्यसले झल्काउने हाम्रो समाजको वर्तमान तथा भविष्य दुवै अत्यन्तै गम्भीर र चिन्ताजनक देखिन्छ । हाम्रो देशमा पनि बीस लाखभन्दा बढी बालबालिकाहरू श्रममा संलग्न रहेका छन् जसमध्ये १ लाख २७ हजार बालबालिकाहरू निकृष्ट प्रकारको बालश्रममा संलग्न रही आफ्नो जीवन यापन गरिरहेका छन् । यसरी निकृष्ट बाल श्रममा संलग्न हुन बाध्य भएका बालबालिकाहरूमा सर्वाधिक संख्या घरेलु बालश्रमिकहरूको रहेको छ । अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय श्रम संगठनको तथ्याङ्कअनुसार नेपालका सहरी क्षेत्रमा मात्र ५५ हजारभन्दा बढी बालबालिकाहरू घरेलु श्रममा संलग्न रहेका छन् । घरेलु श्रममा संलग्न बालबालिकाहरू विभिन्नखाले हिंसा, शोषण तथा दुव्र्यवहारहरू खप्न बाध्य भइरहेका छन् र पनि यस्तो अवस्थामा थोरै मात्र संघसंस्था तथा सरकारी निकायहरूले यस क्षेत्रलाई आवश्यक मात्रामा ध्यान पुर्याउन सकिरहेको देखिँदैन भने भइरहेका प्रयासहरूमा पनि कमी कमजोरीहरू देखिन्छन् ।
यही करु ालार्इ मध्यनजर गर्दै सिविसले घरेलु बालश्रम र हस्तक्षेपका उपायहरू विषयभित्र विभिन्न कार्यि नर्दिेशकाहरू तयार गरकेा छ र त्यसै अन्तगर्त याे ”घरेलु बालश्रम परिचय” पुस्तक यहाँहरूमाझ प्रस्तुत गर्न पाउँदा हामीलाई अत्यन्तै खुसी लागेको छ ।
This document outlines the marketing plan and income opportunities for eSky2u.com. There are starter packages priced from $20-100 that provide various benefits and bonuses. The income plan includes fast start bonuses, daily pairing bonuses, and leadership matching bonuses calculated based on package purchases and referrals. The plan also details maintenance product packages, qualification criteria for different bonus levels, and stockist franchise programs for mobile and city top up centers.
HUB:
Telp : 021-4759206
Mobile : 08121942042
Jl. , 081288416332
PT. JEKLINDO CONSULTING HUB Gading Raya II No. 20 Rawamangun Jakarta Timur
Email : jeklindo@gmail.com
www.izinusahaindonesia.com
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2. Fetal kistler, tümörler
• Nadir
• insidans 7/100000
• En sık ;
Benign tm; Teratom (sakrokoksigeal teratom)
Malign tm ; Nöroblastom
• Çoğu sporadik
• Nadir olarak familyal , sendromlarla veya
kromozom bozukluğu ile ilişkili
3. Etyoloji
• Embriyonik ve fetal maturasyon sırasında ortaya
çıkan gelişimsel hata
– Gereğinden fazla hücre sentezi
– Dezorganize doku oluşumu (hamartomlar)
– Disgenetik organlar (gonadlar)
• Teratojenik-Onkojenik etki
• Mutasyonlar (pre-post zigotik)
• Metastaz
7. Parenkimal Beyin tümörleri
• Teratom (%50)
• Astrositom
• Kraniofarenjiyom
• Primitif Nöroektodermal
tümör
• Meningiom
• Ependimom
Çoğunluğu supratentorial
• Orijin noktası çoğunlukla belirlenemez
• Genellikle massif ,serebral mimaride gros
bozulma
• Kanama eğilimleri vardır.
• 30 haftadan önce tanı alırsa % 97 mortalite
• Büyük boyut histolojiden bağımsız olarak çok
kötü prognozu gösterir
• Benign olanlar da malignler kadar ölümcüldür.
• 3 temel bulgu
Makrosefali
İntrakranial kitle
Hidrosefali
• En sık 3. trimesterde
8. Teratom
• En sık beyin tm
• Tipik olarak Orta hatta
• Kompleks yapıda
• Kalsifikasyonlar olabilir
• Tüm kranial boşluğu doldurabilir
• Kafa tabanından ağıza uzanabilir.
9. Astrositom
• Nöroglial tm
• Solid
• Serebral
hemisiferlerden köken
alır
• Orta hat yapılarını
kaydırır.
• Düşük gradliler yavaş
büyüme gösterebilir
11. Parenkimal beyin tm
Primitif nöroektodermal tm
Supratentorial veya infratentorial olabilir
Meningiom
Genellikle kafatasını deforme
eden unilateral kitle
Ependimom
Lateral ve 4. ventrikülden köken alırlar.
12. Parenkimal beyin tm
• Nadir,antenatal
neoplazilerin % 10
• Sporadik,rekkürens
riski yok
• Genellikle izole
• % 15 inde diğer
anomaliler(en sık
yarık damak/dudak)
• Prognoz kötü
• 1/3 ölü doğum
• Terminasyon önerilir
13. Lipom
• Matür neoplastik olmayan yağ
dokusu kitlesi(gerçek neoplazi
değil)
• %80 supratentorial
• %50-90 Korpus kallosum
agenezisi
• %15 diğer anomaliler
• Diğer anomaliler varsa
karyotipleme önerilir
• İzole ise prognoz iyi
14. Araknoid kist
• Serebral korteksin
dışında,saf kistik
• 1/3 posterior fossada
• Çeşitli boylarda
• Hızlı büyüyebilir
• İzole olmayabilir
• %5 CCA
15. Glio-Ependimal kist
• Araknoid ile karışır (ayrım
gereksiz)
• Komplike kist
• Frontal veya parieto-temporal
• Santral-orta hat
• CCA daha fazla
• Ventriküler sistemle ilişkisiz
• İnterventriküler olabilir
16. İntrakranial Kanama
• İntraparenkimal
– Nonperfüze ekojenik kitle
• İntraventriküler
– Pıhtılar
• Subependimal
• Subdural
• Subaraknoid
• Tipik olarak hiperekoik
• Beynin disorganize görüntüsü
• Doppler ile akım yok
• Zaman içinde küçülür
– Alloimmun trombositopeni %10-30
– Pıhtılaşma bozuklukları
• Hemofili
– İskemi
– İlaçlar
17. Koroid pleksus kisti
• Normal 2. trimester
fetuslarının %2-4
• T.18 fetusların % 40-50
sinde
• Çoklu ve bilateral KPK T18
riskini arttırmaz
• T-18
– Ek anomali
– IUGG
– > 10 mm
– Büyük-Multiple
18. Koroid pleksus kisti
Düşük riskli grupta 1/400
anöploidi
T 18 riski
• KPK+minör sonografik
belirteç =% 20 risk
• KPK+ majör sonografik
belirteç =% 50 risk
T 21 riski
• Diğer belirteçler
mevcutsa artar
Yüksek riskli hastalarda
genetik test önerin!
• Anormal maternal
serum biyokimyası
• İleri anne yaşı
• Anöploidili çocuk
öyküsü
• KPK+ Diğer bulgular
19. Porensefalik kist
Ensefalomalazi:Bölgesel beyin
parankim hasarı
Porensefali :Fokal beyin yıkımına bağlı
kaviter lezyon
• Korteksin dekstrüktif lezyonu
• Hasarlı beynin yerine geçer
• Genellikle intrakranial kanama ile
ilişkili
• Hasarlı beynin enfarktına bağlı
oluşur
• Akut olay esnasında normal USG
beyin hasarını ekarte ettirmez
• MR
20. Anevrizma
• Galen Veni Anevrizması
– Derin koroidal arterler ve embriyonik
Markowski’nin median prozensefalik
veni arasındaki Arteriovenöz fistüldür
• Orta hatta uzamış kistik yapı
• Doppler ile arteryel akım
• Fetal MR
• Prognoz şant hacmine dayanır
• Hidrops,Konjestif kalp yetmezliği
• %65 mortalite
30. Bronkopulmoner Sekestrasyon
• Bronkopulmoner doku
– Trakeabronşiyal sistemle
bağlantı yok
– Pulmoner arterle bağlantı yok
– Aortadan arteryel beslenmesi
olan solid akciğer kitlesi
– %90 sol taraflı
– %85 supradiyafragmatik
– %10-15 infradiyafragmatik
– %50 birlikte anomali ,ensık
diyafragmatik herni
– İzole ise prognoz iyi,%50-75
inutero regressyon
– Birlikte ağır
anomali,hidrops,hidroteraks
varsa kötü prognoz
31. Bronkojenik Kist
• Önbarsak duplikasyon kistleri
ailesinin bir parçası
• Mediastinal yada akciğer
parankiminde olabilir
• Uniloküle,basit kist
• Akım yoktur,
• Genelde insidental bulgu
• Nadiren büyükse kitle etkisi
(aspirasyon!)
• Postnatal cerrahi rezeksiyon
32. Mediastinal,pulmonerTeratom
• Ekto-endo-mezoderm hücre
tabakasından oluşan neoplazm
• Kistik-solid mikst-Kompleks heterojen
kitle-Kalsifikasyonlar
• En çok 3. trimestirde
• Hidrops,Polihidramnios,preterm
eylem
• Kitlenin büyüklüğüne ve lokal
yayılımın sınırlarına göre değişken
prognoz.
• İnutero rezeksiyon!
• EXIT gerekebilir
33. Rabdomyom
• Myositlerin hamartomu
• En sık fetal kardiak tm
• Belirgin sınırlı
,homojen,hiperekoik kalp içi kitle
Multipl
3. trimester
%50-85 Tuberoz skleroz
45. Nöroblastom
• Malign tm
– Adrenal medulladaki sempatik
nöral pleksustan
• %90 adrenal içinde
• %10 servikal/torakal
• %50 kistik
• En sık konjenital malinite
• Değişken fetal sonuçlar-%90
yaşam
• Metastaz-
• Preeklampsi!
46. Fetus in Fetu
• Parazitik ikiz-Anormal bir
fetusun diğer ikizin vücudu
içine tamamıyla dahil edildiği
monokoryonik diamniyotik
ikizliğin varyantıdır.
• 1/500.000
• %80 retroperitoneal
• Amniyotik kese içinde
• Anensefalik
• Vetebraya ait omurların varlığı
tanıyı doğrular.
• Besleyici damarı var
53. Koryoanjiyom
• Benign ,vasküler plasental
kitle
• Plasental hemangiyoma
– Fetal yüzde
– Kord inser. Yakın
– Hipoekoik
– İyi sınırlı
– Çoğu < 5cm
– Hidrops/polihdiramniyos
54. Kordon kisti
• Gerçek kist(epitel ile
döşeli)
• Psödokist(epitelial
döşemesi yok)
Tek > masum
– Multiple > anomali
55. Fetal kistler, tümörler
Sonuç;
• Nadir, Çoğu sporadik
• Prognozda,
Büyüklük
Yerleşim
Çevreye bası
Vaskülarizasyon
Polihidramniyos varlığı Rol oynar
• USG,MR
• Maternal riskler!
• Doğumda
Distosi
EXIT prosedürü gerekliliği
Donanımlı merkez ve ekip.