Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco video solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/video/index.html
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/index.html
Leveraging External Applications For DOCSIS 3.1 HFC Plant OptimizationCisco Service Provider
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco cloud solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/cloud-systems-management/index.html
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/index.html
Satellite IP Trunking networks provide local networks with access to the internet (or any other type of network) from a remote access point to the backbone. Providing IP Trunking and Backbone services to ISPs and Telecom operators requires constant scrutinizing of the operational expenses due to a highly competitive market with razor- thin margins.
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/index.html
Leveraging External Applications For DOCSIS 3.1 HFC Plant OptimizationCisco Service Provider
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco cloud solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/cloud-systems-management/index.html
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings. For more information on Cisco solutions, visit: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/index.html
Satellite IP Trunking networks provide local networks with access to the internet (or any other type of network) from a remote access point to the backbone. Providing IP Trunking and Backbone services to ISPs and Telecom operators requires constant scrutinizing of the operational expenses due to a highly competitive market with razor- thin margins.
Core Network Optimization: The Control Plane, Data Plane & BeyondRadisys Corporation
This presentation takes you through the challenges network operators are facing as they bring in more and more bandwidth-intensive applications to their network. There are ways to optimize the network from the RAN to the Core -- and improve QoS.
What LTE Parameters need to be Dimensioned and OptimizedHoracio Guillen
How to Dimension user Traffic in 4G networks
What is the best LTE Configuration
Spectrum analysis for LTE System
MIMO: What is real, What is Wishful thinking
LTE Measurements what they mean and how they are used
How to consider Overhead in LTE Dimensioning and What is the impact
How to take into account customer experience when Designing a Wireless Network
The Voice Evolution—VoLTE. VoHSPA+, WCDMA+ and QualityQualcomm Research
The wireless industry is moving toward a richer, packet based voice on IP. However, traditional mobile Circuit Switched (CS) voice has a long life during the transition to carrier grade VoIP. Qualcomm’s comprehensive voice evolution technology leadership provides all aspects needed for the successful transition to carrier grade VoIP: We make the 3G CS voice more efficient (1X Advanced and WCDMA+), and lead the mobile VoIP delivery technologies with IMS VoIP over LTE (VoLTE) and HSPA+, provide the necessary transitions technologies between circuit switched voice and IMS VoIP; And finally, we provide the voice quality technologies to ensure the best voice experience for 3G CS voice, IMS VoIP as well as OTT VoIP.
For more information please visit www.qualcomm.com/wcdma
Download the presentation here: http://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/voice-evolution-volte-vohspa-wcdma-and-quality
An increasing amount of TV channels, transmitted at higher
quality, creates the need for a higher efficiency transmission. The DVB-S2X standard fuels growth in revenues and lower OPEX by up to 30%.
LTE Advanced carrier aggregation, it is possible to utilise more than one carrier and in this way increase the overall transmission bandwidth. These channels or carriers may be in contiguous elements of the spectrum, or they may be in different bands.
Survey paper on Virtualized cloud based IPTV Systemijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Determine the required delivery characteristics of a packet stream and how a Traffic Management (TM) module can offload compute-intensive tasks. Hear more about the latest innovations in both DPI & TM solutions.
Core Network Optimization: The Control Plane, Data Plane & BeyondRadisys Corporation
This presentation takes you through the challenges network operators are facing as they bring in more and more bandwidth-intensive applications to their network. There are ways to optimize the network from the RAN to the Core -- and improve QoS.
What LTE Parameters need to be Dimensioned and OptimizedHoracio Guillen
How to Dimension user Traffic in 4G networks
What is the best LTE Configuration
Spectrum analysis for LTE System
MIMO: What is real, What is Wishful thinking
LTE Measurements what they mean and how they are used
How to consider Overhead in LTE Dimensioning and What is the impact
How to take into account customer experience when Designing a Wireless Network
The Voice Evolution—VoLTE. VoHSPA+, WCDMA+ and QualityQualcomm Research
The wireless industry is moving toward a richer, packet based voice on IP. However, traditional mobile Circuit Switched (CS) voice has a long life during the transition to carrier grade VoIP. Qualcomm’s comprehensive voice evolution technology leadership provides all aspects needed for the successful transition to carrier grade VoIP: We make the 3G CS voice more efficient (1X Advanced and WCDMA+), and lead the mobile VoIP delivery technologies with IMS VoIP over LTE (VoLTE) and HSPA+, provide the necessary transitions technologies between circuit switched voice and IMS VoIP; And finally, we provide the voice quality technologies to ensure the best voice experience for 3G CS voice, IMS VoIP as well as OTT VoIP.
For more information please visit www.qualcomm.com/wcdma
Download the presentation here: http://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/voice-evolution-volte-vohspa-wcdma-and-quality
An increasing amount of TV channels, transmitted at higher
quality, creates the need for a higher efficiency transmission. The DVB-S2X standard fuels growth in revenues and lower OPEX by up to 30%.
LTE Advanced carrier aggregation, it is possible to utilise more than one carrier and in this way increase the overall transmission bandwidth. These channels or carriers may be in contiguous elements of the spectrum, or they may be in different bands.
Survey paper on Virtualized cloud based IPTV Systemijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Determine the required delivery characteristics of a packet stream and how a Traffic Management (TM) module can offload compute-intensive tasks. Hear more about the latest innovations in both DPI & TM solutions.
A brief introduction to the world of Software Defined Networking.
It is a very revolutionary technology which can entirely change the face of network management, if implemented in a network.
A FRAMEWORK FOR MOBILE VIDEO STREAMING AND VIDEO SHARING IN CLOUDJournal For Research
The transmission of data has grown over years in all the streams of technology. Video and image data plays a very important position in communication around the globe. The usage of Medias over mobile devices had exploded years ago in technology. However, the usage of traditional network connecting protocols and the service providers are providing lack of quality in services. As the number of users who uses mobile phones is increasing day by day the video traffic over network is also increasing thereby causes disruption in the service which is caused by low bandwidth. Due to this disruption the wireless cannot able to satisfy the users demand for video streaming which eventually causes long buffering time. Influencing cloud computing knowledge to gain advantage over this issue we suggest two solutions. i) Mobile Video Streaming (MoV) and Social Video Sharing (SoV). MoV will create a private cloud for each mobile user which adjusts the bit rate based on return value using scalable video coding technique to improve the scalability and efficient utilization of bandwidth. SoV uses the agent to pre fetch the video data for effective sharing and to reduce the buffering time.
Mobile-Based Video Caching Architecture Based on Billboard Manager csandit
Video streaming services are very popular today. Increasingly, users can now access multimedia applications and video playback wirelessly on their mobile devices. However, a significant challenge remains in ensuring smooth and uninterrupted transmission of almost any
size of video file over a 3G network, and as quickly as possible in order to optimize bandwidth consumption. In this paper, we propose to position our Billboard Manager to provide an optimal transmission rate to enable smooth video playback to a mobile device user connected to
a 3G network. Our work focuses on serving user requests by mobile operators from cached resource managed by Billboard Manager, and transmitting the video files from this pool. The
aim is to reduce the load placed on bandwidth resources of a mobile operator by routing away as much user requests away from the internet for having to search a video and, subsequently, if located, have it transferred back to the user.
IPQ is an application-embeddable QoS solution that addresses the network quality challenges and opens up the huge opportunities where real-time apps, mobility, and the need for multiple simultaneous networks intersect.
The Optimization of IPTV Service Through SDN In A MEC Architecture, Respectiv...CSCJournals
The aim of this paper is to present the ‘Power’ of SDN Technology and MEC Technic in improving the delivering of IPTV Service. Those days, the IPTV end –users are tremendous increased all over the world , but in the same time also the complains for receiving these prepaid real time multimedial services like; high latency, high bandwidth, low performance and low QoE/QoS. On the other end, IPTV Distributors need a new system, technics, network solutions to distribute content continuesly and simultaneously to all active end-users with high-quality, lowlatency and high Performance, thus monitoring and re-configuring this ‘Big Data’ require high Bandwidth by causing difficult problems by offering it affecting in the same time the price and QoE/QoSperformance of delivered service.
For this reason, we have achieved to optimize the IPTV service by applying SDN solution in a MEC Architecture (Multiple-Access Edge Computing). In this way , through MEC Technology and SDN, it is possible to receive an IPTV service with Low Latency, High Performance and Low Bandwidth by solving successfully all the problems faced by the actual IPTV Operators. These improvements of delivering IPTV service through MEC will be demonstrated by using the OMNet +++ simulator in an LTE-A mobile network. The results show clearly that by applying the MEC technique in the LTE-A network for receiving IPTV Service through SDN Network, the service was delivered with latency decreased by >90% (compared to the cases when the MEC technique is not applied), with PacketLoss of almost 0 and with high performance QoE. In addition these strong Contributions, the ‘Big’ innovation achieved in this work through simulations is that the quality of delivered IPTV Service did not change according to the increasing of the end-users.This latency of delivering the video streaming services did not change. This means that the IPTV Service providers will increase their benefits by ensuring in the same time also the delivering of service with high quality and performance toward innumerous end users. Consequently, MEC Technology and SDN solution will be the two right and "smart" network choices that will boost the development of the 5th Mobile generation and will significantly improve the benefit of Video Streaming services offered by current providers worldwide (Netflix, HULU, Amazon Prime, YouTube, etc).
Despite the increasing roll-out of broadband terrestrial services like DSL, a
significant amount of households worldwide are deprived from fast broadband
access services. Bridging this digital divide is high on the agenda of decision
makers because broadband penetration has high economic impact on a
country. The service cannot be limited to cities. This requirement is translated
into 100% service obligations for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) covering
the whole territory of a country or region. Running these services in an
economically viable way is a major challenge.
IPTV Improvement Approach over LTE-WLAN Heterogeneous NetworksIJCNCJournal
IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) includes several video components. The IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) cannot differentiate between them what causes their treatment similarly. These sub-components must have different priorities because they have distinct QoS constraints. In this paper, we suggest the implementation of IPTV in a heterogeneous network that improved QoS by providing the capability to prioritize the sub traffic according to the system administrator policy. A new IPv6 flow label field definition was proposed that is ready for standardization. OPNET Modeler software is used to design our approached architecture. The results show that IPTV users receive different amounts of video data based on the stream's priority.
IPTV IMPROVEMENT APPROACH OVER LTEWLAN HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKSIJCNCJournal
IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) includes several video components. The IMS (IP Multimedia
Subsystem) cannot differentiate between them what causes their treatment similarly. These sub-components
must have different priorities because they have distinct QoS constraints. In this paper, we suggest the
implementation of IPTV in a heterogeneous network that improved QoS by providing the capability to
prioritize the sub traffic according to the system administrator policy. A new IPv6 flow label field
definition was proposed that is ready for standardization. OPNET Modeler software is used to design our
approached architecture. The results show that IPTV users receive different amounts of video data based
on the stream's priority.
Performance Evaluation of Interactive Video Streaming over WiMAX Network IJECEIAES
Nowadays, the desire of internet access and the need of digital encodings have influenced quite a large number of users to access high quality video application. Offering multimedia services not only to the wired but to wireless mobile client is becoming more viable. In wireless medium, videostreaming still has high resource requirements, for example, bandwidth, traffic priority, smooth play-backs. Therefore, bandwidth demands of these applications are far exceeding the capacity of 3G and Wireless Local Area Networks (LANs). The current research demonstrates the introductory understanding of the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) network, applications, the mechanisms, its potential features, and techniques used to provide QoS in WiMAX, and lastly the network is simulated to report the diverse requirements of streamed video conferencing traffic and its specifications. For this purpose two input parameters of video traffic are selected, i.e, refresh rate, which is monitored in terms of frames per second and pixel resolutions which basically counts the number of pixels in digital imaging. The network model is developed in OPNET. Different outcomes from simulation based models are analyzed and appropriate reasons are also discussed. Apart from this, the second aim of the current research is to address whether WiMAX access technology for streaming video applications could provide comparable network performance to Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL). For this purpose network metrices such as End to End delay and throughput is taken into consideration for optimization.
Using Bandwidth Aggregation to Improve the Performance of Video Quality- Adap...paperpublications3
Abstract: Smart phone provides many multimedia services for mobile users. Most of these smart phones are equipped with multiple wireless network interfaces (that support real time video processing. How to use efficiently and cost-effectively utilize multiple links to improve video streaming quality over multiple wireless access networks . In order to maintain high video streaming quality while reducing the wireless service cost, In Video quality-adaptive streaming, the optimal video streaming process with multiple links is formulated as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). The reward function is designed to consider the quality of service (QoS) requirements for video traffic, such as the startup latency, playback fluency, average playback quality, playback smoothness and wireless service cost. To solve the MDP in real time, Quality-adaptive streaming propose an Adaptive search Depth algorithm to obtain a sub-optimal solution.
The continued growth in video on demand (VOD) delivered over the internet is inevitable as consumers increasingly expect to control their viewing. As watching video over the internet becomes mainstream, consumers are getting more demanding. Until recently, viewers on PCs would forgive nbuffering mid-video, or occasional lack of service availability, recognising that the service was delivered on a ‘best efforts’ basis. However, as more online video services are launched and internet VOD moves to the TV, audiences will increasingly expect internet VOD to match the reliability of broadcast TV. This perspective builds on our work with infrastructure providers, broadcasters and regulators, to examine the ability of the UK’s broadband networks to deliver VOD with the quality of service (QoS) required to satisfy consumers. We consider what Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and content/application providers need to do to adapt their technical and business models to meet future consumer demands, and the role of future net neutrality legislation in shaping this market. By Chris Cowan, partner, and Kim Chua, manager, of Value Partners London.
Cisco will be at OFC, the world’s premier optical event again showcasing our industry leading Packet Optical Convergence innovations and solutions. We encourage you to be part of the experience by visiting our Exposition booth (#3109) where you can interact with Cisco demonstrations, technical experts and Cisco Service Provider executives.
[Infographic] Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI): Mobile-Connected Devices p...Cisco Service Provider
This Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast infographic provides some of the global and regional highlights from the updated study that covers forecast for 2014 to 2019.
For more information, please tweet us @CiscoVNI and follow our hashtag #VNI, and visit: http://cs.co/vnilpss.
[Infographic] Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI): Mobile Users GrowthCisco Service Provider
This Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast infographic provides some of the global and regional highlights from the updated study that covers forecast for 2014 to 2019.
For more information, please tweet us @CiscoVNI and follow our hashtag #VNI, and visit: http://cs.co/vnilpss.
Operating costs decrease and agility increases, allowing you to react quickly to new market opportunities.
http://www.cisco.com/web/offers/sp04/simplifying-operations/index.html?KeyCode=000947566
Service creation is simpler and delivery is faster, allowing you to react quickly to new market opportunities.
http://www.cisco.com/web/offers/sp04/entering-new-markets/index.html?KeyCode=000947734
What if the orchestrator could also automate the deployment and configuration of an accompanying service assurance solution, tailored to the specific services being delivered? This is now becoming a reality using a concept called Orchestrated Assurance.
Operator Drives Bandwidth Efficiency and Optimizes Satellite Link PerformanceCisco Service Provider
Providing network connectivity and services, such as data, voice, live TV, high- definition (HD) on-demand video, and mobile services, EMC caters to customers with operations in some of the most remote corners of the planet. Managing satellite bandwidth requires sophisticated monitoring tools to ensure consistent performance of voice, video and data during events, such as rain, that can affect the quality. This telecommunications leader prides itself on delivering carrier-class services through its global mobility platform, using its hybrid satellite and terrestrial broadband network.
The EMC network features fully meshed, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) enabled and interconnected teleports in the United States, Europe, South America, Africa, and Asia. With EMC’s proprietary tools, it can manage and optimize every megabyte delivered. Its customer-facing tools further maximize every bit delivered over each customer’s WAN and LAN.
Application Engineered Routing Segment Routing and the Cisco WAN Automation ...Cisco Service Provider
The Cisco® Application Engineered Routing solution provides end-to-end control over how the network infrastructure transports applications. In the past, dedicated clusters of servers would deliver specific applications, but the number and diversity of applications continue to increase as the infrastructure becomes more converged.
Traffic patterns are dynamically changing and new applications come with specific transport requirements. Combining Segment Routing (SR) with the Cisco WAN Automation Engine (WAE) provides the necessary intelligence to optimize network resources and make informed decisions dynamically, helping to ensure a consistent, high-quality customer experience.
This white paper describes SR and the Cisco WAE and highlights how they work together to deliver an intelligent, dynamic, highly optimized network.
Research Highlight: Independent Validation of Cisco Service Provider Virtuali...Cisco Service Provider
Service providers want to know how they can build and run programmable, intelligent, responsive, efficient, flexible, and highly secure yet open networks with a high degree of automation. They want to be able to configure and activate new services quickly, utilize emerging cloud capabilities, and meet customer needs. Nimble, smart innovators in the global communications and networking industry are working on the answers and coming up with solutions every day. But providers need to know if these next-generation technologies can already meet their requirements today
In the world of service providers and networks, the demand for new and better services continue to grow, while the networks must expand and quickly adapt to these demands. One way that operators are evolving their network is to adopt some of the latest technologies like NFV (network functions virtualization). Infonetics recently found that 35 percent of the worldwide telecom carriers they surveyed are planning to deploy NFV in 2015. They are doing this because they believe that NFV and its SDN (software-defined networking) architecture will deliver benefits in service agility and new revenue, operational efficiencies and capex savings. Finding new ways to build revenue paths out of the network is critical for operators today as they innovate to find new sources of revenues.
Operators have been looking to Policy to help them find new ways to find value in their network. Specifically, they need a policy platform which can help them quickly adapt to build new services and even new networks for other operators or enterprises. We are now announcing the availability of Cisco Policy Suite version 7.5 for download. With it, operators will benefit from NFV-based policy enforcement and new access selection technologies. These new capabilities are enabling service providers to not only use policy software to open new services and markets, but they are also providing policy to the handset to ensure the best access method for the end user.
Deploy New Technologies Quickly with Cisco Managed Services for Service Provi...Cisco Service Provider
Service providers’ businesses and operations are undergoing major changes. New initiatives, like IP convergence, cloud, software-defined networks and network virtualization, are driving new business models. These initiatives are also creating opportunities for new revenue streams and greater efficiencies. Speed, agility and flexibility are required for fast access to IT and new applications. Now is the time to invest effort and resources in figuring out how to make this opportunity work for you. You have a chance to disrupt rather than being disrupted.
Segment routing is a network technology focused on addressing the pain points of existing IP and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) networks in terms of simplicity, scale, and ease of operation. It’s a foundation for application engineered routing because it prepares the networks for new business models where applications can direct network behavior.
Segment routing seeks the right balance between distributed intelligence and centralized optimization and programming. It was built for the software-defined networking (SDN) era.
Segment routing enables enhanced packet forwarding behavior. It enables a network to transport unicast packets through a specific forwarding path, other than the normal shortest path that a packet usually takes. This capability benefits many use cases, and you can build those specific paths based on application requirements.
Segment routing uses the source routing paradigm. A node, usually a router but it can also be a switch, a trusted server, or a virtual forwarder running on a hypervisor, steers a packet through an ordered list of instructions, called segments. A segment can represent any instruction, topological or service-based. A segment can have a local semantic to a segment-routing node or global within a segment-routing network. Segment routing allows you to enforce a flow through any topological path and service chain while maintaining per-flow state only at the ingress node to the segment-routing network. To be aligned with modern IP networks, segment routing supports equal-cost multipath (ECMP) by design, and the forwarding within a segment-routing network uses all possible paths, when desired.
Cisco Virtual Managed Services: Transform Your Business with Cloud-based Inn...Cisco Service Provider
Service providers face big challenges along with tremendous opportunities. Maturing technologies such as software-defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV), cloud, and open-source software are enabling exciting business innovations and market disruptions. To keep up with the pace of change today, you need to rethink how to engage with your customers to meet their business needs. At Cisco, we have the right approach to harness the transformative power of the cloud, SDN, and NFV. The Cisco® Virtual Managed Services Solution portfolio provides a rich set of secure cloud-based network services with prepackaged software capabilities over any access technology. The Cisco Virtual Managed Services solution makes it easy for you to deploy, manage, and sell new premium cloud managed services while reducing current operating expenditures (OpEx) and accelerating time to revenue.
Imagine if you could deploy highly secure new services at web speed on demand to customers and partners - complete with personalized capabilities. With this environment you’re creating innovative new services in minutes, not months, accelerating your time-to-revenue while reducing operational costs on an open platform. You have pre-packaged software service solutions that help you transform your business and the businesses of your customers. And you’re letting your customers use their existing customer premises equipment (CPE), to connect to virtual services from the cloud, reducing capital costs and business risk associated with rolling out new services.
It’s all possible with the Cisco Virtual Managed Services Solution based on the combination of the complementary Cisco Evolved Programmable Network (EPN) and the Cisco Evolved Services Platform (ESP). This open infrastructure and software combined with industry leading service orchestration, software-defined networking (SDN), and network functions virtualization (NFV) technologies automate the delivery of business services tailored to your customers from the cloud.
Cisco cBR-8 Evolved CCAP: Deliver Scalable Network and Service Growth at a Lo...Cisco Service Provider
An explosion of new over-the-top (OTT) video services and consumer devices is placing huge demand on cable access networks. To compete for new customers and retain the loyalty of existing ones, multiple system operators (MSOs) will need to expand capacity substantially, rolling out new services and gigabit tiers.
As they strive to meet insatiable market demand and stay competitive, MSOs are looking at significant access network capital expenditures (CapEx) increases over the next 5 years - and steadily rising operating expenses (OpEx) due to higher power costs and a larger network footprint. But current integrated Cisco® Converged Cable Access Platform (CCAP) solutions are limited to supporting only 24 to 32 channels per service group, and they are not designed to support DOCSIS® 3.1 at scale. Using these platforms, MSOs would need to significantly increase CapEx spend in order to compete with gigabit billboard rates and keep pace with growth.
Alternatively, MSOs can use the Cisco cBR-8 Converged Broadband Router, a full-spectrum CCAP-compliant platform that is designed to support DOCSIS 3.1. The Cisco cBR-8 enables cable operators to offer multigigabit broadband and Internet of Everything (IoE) services, and provide a path to virtualization. It empowers MSOs to scale economically to deliver more capacity and best-in-class services with much lower total cost of ownership (TCO).
This white paper examines the consumer trends affecting cable access networks and the projections for how the network and services will evolve in the coming years. It provides a long-term economic analysis of an evolved access network using the Cisco cBR-8, compared with competitive Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) platforms. And it demonstrates how MSOs will be able to meet capacity and service demands over the next several years at a 40-percent savings in hardware, space, and power costs.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
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During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
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- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
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GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
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GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
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Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
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Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
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In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
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Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
An SDN Based Approach To Measuring And Optimizing ABR Video Quality Of Experience
1. AN SDN BASED APPROACH TO MEASURING AND OPTIMIZING ABR VIDEO
QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE
Sangeeta Ramakrishnan, Xiaoqing Zhu
Cisco Systems
Reprinted with permission of NCTA, from the 2014 Cable Connection Spring Technical Forum Conference Proceedings
Abstract
The volume of video traffic is continuing to
grow rapidly over cable networks. While a
majority of IP video on DOCSIS networks
today is over-the-top video from third
parties, operators are increasing the amount
of programming their subscribers can access
on IP video-capable devices.Additionally
many operators are pursuing IP video
deployments that are at various stages from
planning, testing, trialing to deploying. Most
OTT deployments use Adaptive Bit Rate
(ABR) technology (also known as HTTP
Adaptive Streaming). And ABR has also been
adopted by cable operators as the technology
of choice as they begin their migration to IP
video.
ABR video was primarily developed to work
as well as possible despite the network. This
approach made sense for over-the-top
content providers who have no control or
influence of the network. Such a server-client
method has so far worked well for OTT
providers. Some of the challenges with such
an ABR delivery method are masked because
of end-users’ acceptance of a poorer user-
experience since OTT providers are
perceived to be lower cost options. Also the
amount of ABR video on the cable network
today, while significant, will still be dwarfed
by the amount of ABR video that will come
on to the network when cable operators
migrate to a ABR-based IP video delivery
method. Hence the combination of more ABR
traffic along with higher user-experience
expectations of a cable subscriber, may pose
challenges to cable operators as they deploy
ABR-based IP video.
Another concern with ABR video is that
different segments of the network can have
similar network utilization levels yet there
could be a large difference in end user
Quality-of-Experience (QoE) between these
segments of the network. Currently operators
do not have good visibility to the actual QoE
of subscribers; instead they primarily
monitor network utilization levels to identify
those segments that need to be upgraded.
Operators need better tools to identify where
QoE is below their service objectives so that
they can target their network investments
accordingly.
In this paper, we present a novel SDN-based
solution to solve some of the challenges that
we anticipate will occur with heavy ABR
usage. Our proposal will help operators to
improve their visibility of QoE and optimize
their network investments. We also present a
technique to help operators improve
aggregateQoEof all users on their network.
Alternatively this method can be used to pack
significantly more streams in the given
bandwidth with comparable quality to
conventional ABR. Our studies indicate that
with this approach bandwidth requirements
can be reduced by a third or more, thereby
saving DOCSIS channels and HFC spectrum,
and reducing the cost of the overall solution.
2. INTRODUCTION
Over the past few years, video streaming
traffic has beengrowing at a rapid pace, and
is anticipated to dominate
nextgenerationnetworks. According to [1]
global consumption of Internet video viewed
through a TV doubled in 2012; video-on-
demand traffic is projected to nearly triple by
2017. Cableoperators, are seeking novel
solutions to fend off the
impendingbandwidth crunch introduced by
video traffic on their existingnetwork
infrastructure.
Additionally, the cable industry is on the
cusp of a migration to IP video. Various
factors are contributing to the desire to
migrate. One of the biggest drivers is the
desire to deliver any content to subscribers,
anywhere and anytime they want it. This
includes the ability to deliver content to
consumer owned devices such as tablets,
smartphones, PCs, laptops, game consoles
and Internet enabled TVs. Delivering video
to such consumer owned devices not only
helps cable operators to meet subscribers’
needs and expectations but has the added
benefit that operators do not have to incur
capital expenditure to deploy and maintain
these devices. STBs deployed in subscribers’
homes are a significant portion of the capex
budget in offering video services. Reducing
that expenditure by either leveraging
consumer owned devices or lower cost IP
STBs could helpoperators to improve
theirbottom-line significantly. Additionally,
operators may be able to charge fees for
making services available on new outlets
such as tablets. So overall IP video provides
an opportunity to both improve top-line and
bottom-line for operators.
Additionally with IP video, operators may be
able to leverage the rapid innovation in the
Internet space to offer newer services, and a
better user experience. It also enables
operators to consolidate the video services
infrastructure.
One of the major challenges faced by
operators as they make this migration to IP
video is the bandwidth required to deliver
this service and the capex requirements
associated with it. As shown in [2] the
bandwidth needs for IP video are highly
dependent on the type of service offered and
can range typically from 20-40 downstream
channels to serve a typical Service Group of
250-300 subscribers. The increasing focus on
Cloud DVR like technology will in fact lead
to higher capacity requirements due to the
unicast nature of the delivery method. Hence
there is likely to be significant increasing
amounts of Adaptive Bit Rate video on the
cable network in the future and operators will
need better ways to manage it.
SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING
Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a
term that began being used widely in the
industry around 2009. SDN is defined as the
separation of Control and Data planes using
an open standard protocol to communicate
between them. This differs from a traditional
network device (such as a Router, Switch, or
CMTS) in which the data and control planes
are vertically integrated. SDN promises
flexibility and rapid innovation by virtue of
the fact that the control software would be
removed from the relatively constrained
network device to a generic server that can
be easily scaled to have more processing and
memory capabilities.
SDN is typically implemented with a
Controller based architecture as shown in
Figure 1, where the Controller interfaces
with network devices via standard interfaces
(for exampleOpenflow [7], PCMM).
Therefore, the controller presents a level of
abstraction of the underlying network.
3. Applications communicate with the
controller using “controller APIs” and the
controller in turn interacts with the
network.In other words the controller acts as
middleware that provides a higher lever of
abstraction to network application
developers.
Figure 1 SDN Architecture
Another key attribute of SDN is the two-way
communication with the network devices.
The network can be thought of as a large
distributed database of flows and states. In an
SDN architecture, applications can learn
from the Controller the state of various
devices and can also program the devices via
the Controller. An SDN-based architecture
enables Applications to be developed in a
relatively device-agnostic way.
ADAPTIVE BITRATE STREAMING
Recent years have seen a major technology
shift as Internet video delivery solutions are
converging towards the adaptive bit rate
(ABR) streaming paradigm. Since its
inception in 2007 by Move Networks [3],
ABR has been quickly adopted by major
vendors and service providers, including
YouTube, Netflix, Hulu, Akamai, Microsoft
Smooth Streaming [4], Apple HTTP Live
Streaming (HLS) [5], and Adobe HTTP
Dynamic Streaming (HDS).
Figure 1 shows the architecture overview of
an adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR) system.
The media contents are either pre-stored or
captured live at the source. Multiple quality
versions of the same video content are
generated via transcoding. Moreover, each
media file is broken down into many small
fragments. The origin HTTP server keeps
track of these fragments either as a large
collection of separate physical files (e.g., in
Apple HLS), or as logical separations via
indexing (e.g., in Microsoft Smooth
Streaming). Additional content delivery
4. Figure 2Architecture overview of an adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR) system. Multiple quality versions of the same
video content are generated via transcoding or parallel live encoding. Each media file is broken down into many physical or
logical fragments. The client can adaptively request different quality versions of the media fragments based on its own
estimate of available network bandwidth
networks (CDNs) may also be leveraged at
the edge of the network, so as to assist in
disseminating video contents to awide range
of end users.
In ABR, the client can dynamically change
its video rate and quality on a fragment by
fragment basis. In face of temporary network
congestion, the client can switch to a lower
rate (and hence quality) version of the video
to avoid buffer underflow; when connection
speed recovers, the client can switch back to
higher quality. Such flexibility in rate
adaptation can be advantageous in the
presence of dynamic network conditions,
especially in mobile environments. In 2012,
the Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG)
has joined forces with 3GPP (3rd Generation
Partnership Project) in defining the recently
standardized Dynamic Adaptive Streaming
over HTTP (DASH) specifications [6].The
MPEG-DASH standard has intentionally left
out of its scope the definition of client
behavior for content fetching, rate adaptation
heuristics, and video playout, thereby
allowing plenty of space for innovation-
based competition in industry.
QoE MEASUREMENTS
Today most operators measure the quality-of-
experience (QoE) of their subscribers in
terms of network utilization levels. Network
utilization is typically averaged across over
few minutes (typically 5~15 mins). Such
average utilization is measured throughout
the day. Most operators consider their
networks to be congested if utilization
exceeds a certain threshold such as 70-80%
during peak hours.
If many such measured samples of utilization
level exceed their pre-determined threshold,
operators typically declare those interfaces to
be congested and plan upgrades of their
network to address the congestion. The
advantage of such a QoE measurement is it is
5. simplicity – easy to measure and easy to
monitor.
Challenges with ABR QoE Measurements
As the industry moves toward ABR-based
video delivery, this new paradigm poses
some challenges for the aforementioned QoE
measurement mechanism. This is because
with ABR, clients up-shift to higher rate
profiles when bandwidth is available. This is
in contrast to standard Internet browsing,
where higher bandwidth availability simply
causes the file download to finish faster. For
example, downloading a file when plenty of
bandwidth is available does not cause file
size to grow! TCP simply takes advantage of
the bandwidth available, and file download
completes faster.
With ABR, however, clients download larger
and larger files along with growing available
bandwidth, by upshifting to higher profiles.
So bandwidth demand from ABR delivered
video is elastic in nature (up to a certain
point) and can easily use up all available
bandwidth.
As a result, the measured network utilization
level can always look high. But in some
cases, end users may be quite happy because
they are all receiving highest quality streams.
Or,in other cases, end users can be quite
unhappy because they are all putting up
withlowest-profile streams. An operator can
no longer tell whether end users are having a
good quality-of-experience or not by simply
looking at network utilization measurements.
In fact, high utilization on multiple segments
of the network may cause operators to
assume all such network segments need to be
upgraded whereas if they had a better view of
the users’ QoE they may be able to better
determine which segments need to be
upgraded immediately and which can be
deferred. Having better visibility on actual
QoE would enable operators to spend capital
on upgrading segments of the network that
would yield the most improvement in
subscriber QoE.
We ran a simple test to illustrate this point
and the results of that test are included in
figures that follow. Two interfaces were
configured with bandwidth just under
20Mbps, however the number of ABR clients
on each interface was varied, 4 in one case
and 3 in the other. As seen inFigure 3 and
Figure 5 below, the utilization levels of the
two interfaces are comparable. However as
seen in Figure 4 and Figure 6 the actual
rate profiles selected by the clients in the two
cases are quite different.
When 4 clients are sharing an interface we
see rate profile selections generally in the
range of 3~5 Mbps. However when 3 clients
are sharing an interface we see rate profile
selections in the range of 4~7Mbps, which
typically result in better QoE than when rate
profiles selected are in the range of 3~5
Mbps.
The above example is obviously overly
simplistic but it does illustrate the point that
higher order data such as interface utilization
may not give a good indication of QoE due
to ABR’s behavior of stepping up or down in
profiles to match bandwidth available.
Additionally the mix of client devices,
content mix, etc., may also be quite different
between two network segments. For example
the network segment where rates were lower,
could in fact be the segment with a larger
mix of premium content/subscribers and/or
big screen devices. Whereas, the network
segment receiving higher rates might have
actually a larger mix of handheld devices. So
a better measure of QoE should also take into
account other characteristics such as device
type, content type, and subscriber type
6. Figure 3 Aggregate utilization of an interface with 4 ABR clients
Figure 4Bitrate per client when 4 ABR clients are sharing an interface
Figure 5 Aggregate utilization of an interface with 3 ABR clients
7. Figure 6 Bitrate per client when 3 clients are sharing an interfa
NETWORK AGNOSTIC ABR DELIVERY
Today Adaptive Bit Rate delivery of video
works despite the network. This was fine for
over-the-top (OTT) content since OTT
providers anyway has no control over the
network. Additionally OTT originally started
off being a very small portion of the network
bandwidth. So in fact each client being
greedy and maximizing its own experience
was a reasonable approach for a OTT
provider solely focused on maximizing their
own subscribers’ experience when competing
for bandwidth with other applications.
However for MSO managed content, the
landscape will change in two ways – one, a
muchlarger proportion of the traffic on the
network will be ABR video and secondly
cable subscribers will be competing with
each other for bandwidth. Therefore,
operators may want to ensure fairness across
a pool of users, to maximize quality of
experience across their set of users rather
than be satisfied with a greedy approach
where each client is operating solely to
maximize its own benefit at the cost of other
users’ experience.
PROPOSED SOLUTION
We hereby propose an alternate architecture -
-- built upon SDN --- that is better suited for
monitoring and delivery of managed video.
In this our SDN-based solution, streamers,
networks and clients work together to both
report on and improve users’ quality-of-
experience (QoE) in the video network.
The SDN architecture aids in this solution by
providing a common framework for
collecting information from various network
entities. By design, different applications can
interface with the SDN Controller to extract
the particular information they need for their
application-specific purposes. For example,
there may be a number of applications
interested in topology information. Instead of
each application collecting such topology
information it is more efficient and scalable
to have the Controller be the single entity
that collects such information from the
CMTS and then have the applications
interface with the Controller.
For ABR video streaming, we envision a
Video QoE Application (VQA) that collects
information from various points in the
network and analyzes it to provide a more
accurate estimate of end users’ QoE. For
example, as shown in Figure 7, the VQA
may collect information about the content
from the video steamer/CDN, client metadata
(such as device type) from clients and
network information from the CMTS. By
combining information about the content,
client, and network, the VQA can generate
analytics to aid the operator in better
understanding end users’ QoE in different
segments of the network.
The Controller can be used to collect network
topology information from the network
devices (such as CMTS), and end device type
(smartphone, STBs etc.). The VQA can then
query the Controller for required
information. Video QoE metrics can be
generated per Fiber Node, per CMTS, or per
region. QoE could initially be measured as
simply the bitrate achieved by video flows. It
could be further enhanced to reflect the
actual quality of the flows, where quality is
measured by some objective metric such as
PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), VQM
(Video Quality Metric), or SSIM. There are
proposals in DASH industry forum on
enhancing the Media Presentation
Description (MPD) files to include quality
information of video fragments. By
collecting such rate and quality information
from MPD files, HFC topology information
8. from CMTS, and client stream and device
information from either the client or the
server, the VQA can pool together
meaningful QoE analytics for the Operator.
Cable operators can use the QoE analytics for
a number of purposes. For instance, they can
more clearly identify which segments of their
network are most congested and need to be
upgraded. This will allow them to spend their
upgrade budget more intelligently, rather
than simply relying on the interface
utilization as a poor measure for QoE.
Figure 7SDN based architecture for QoE Analytics and QoE Optimization
In addition, such analytics can be used to
debug and prevent issues in the field.
Availability of the QoE analytics makes it
much easier for operators to identify where
QoE is poor, so they can address the
problems in a proactive manner rather than
waiting for subscribers to complain about
problems.
The proposed solution not only presents a
platform for aggregating and visualizing QoE
analytics, it further enables the Operator to
optimize its network resource for improved
end-user quality-of-experience (QoE). For
this second use case, the VQA, as shown in
Fig. 8, collects a similar set of data as in the
Analytics use case. In addition, it can also
modify the QoS on the CMTS to optimize
users’ QoE as needed. One example of how
this can be done is via a SDN Controller that
has a COPS plug-in that is able to leverage
the PCMM support built into CMTSs to
apply QoS changes to flows that need it.
The VQA may decide on the bandwidth
allocated to each flow based on device type
(e.g., STB vs. tablets vs. smartphones), on
codec in use (HEVC vs. MPEG4), or on
video content complexity (e.g., sports vs. talk
shows). Business policies such as premium
subscriber or premium content may also
influence the QoS that the flows receive. The
VQA may in fact use any other information -
-- e.g., bitrate and video quality scores
carried within the Media Presentation
Description (MPD) or as companion
metadata --- to optimize the QoE for
individual flows, so as to achieve certain
9. performance objectives (e.g., maximizing the
aggregate quality across all flows, equalizing
the quality across all flows in a given user
group).
Such an approach will ensure that the
bandwidth is available for clients that need it
the most. While any approach that strives for
aggregate fairness across a group of users
will inevitably allocate less bandwidth to
some clients than what they would have
obtained in the absence of such a mechanism,
the intent is that the loss of bandwidth
doesn’t lead to a noticeable reduction in QoE
for that user, whereas the increased
bandwidth for some other users contribute to
their significant QoE improvement.
Benefits to the Operators are two-fold with
this approach: improved aggregate QoE for
subscribers and the ability to support more
video streams that meet a certain QoE criteria
at a given network bandwidth. Indeed,
increased packing efficiency can provide
significant bandwidth savings for Operators,
thereby providing capex savings.
To evaluate the proposed approach we ran
simulations with varying number of clients
sharing a 100Mbps link. Figure 8 shows the
average quality across all the flows
(measured in terms of PSNR) for each test.
As can be observed from the figure, the
proposed quality-optimized approach yields a
significant improvement in average quality
across clients. Another way to view the
results is that the same average PSNR (of
~42 dB in this particular example) can be
attained with our quality-optimized approach
while supporting 25 streams at the same
bandwidth as opposed to only 20 clients via
existing methods. This improvement
translates to a 25% increase in packing
efficiency.
In fact, the packing efficiency improvement
would be even greater if the quality metric in
use is the minimum quality across clients.
This is because the proposed quality-
optimized approach tends to reduce the
variation in quality across clients and over
time, thereby boosting the minimum quality
across all video segments. Using minimum
quality as a metric is analogous to a Service
Level Agreement (SLA) where an operator
would like for the video to stay above a
certain threshold most of the time.
Figure 8Comparison of the proposed
quality-optimized approach against
current QoE-oblivious approach.
Performance results are plotted in terms
of average video quality (PSNR). In this
experiment, the number of competing
clients vary from 15 to 35 over a 100
Mbps bottleneck link.
SUMMARY
In this paper, we have identified the
challenges posed by ABR video for operators
in measuring and managing their Access
networks. We have also proposed a unique
solution to the problem of assessing
subscriber QoE and optimizing it. The
proposed QoE optimization techniques can
be used by operators to either improve QoE
of groups of users or to pack more users in a
given bandwidth while maintaining QoE.
Simulation results have shown that
significant improvements in packing
efficiency can be achieved thereby
25% increase
10. providingsignificant CAPEX savings to cable
operators. The proposed solution is based on
SDN, and hence can leverage the flexibility
of an SDN infrastructure to build a more
efficient and intelligent video delivery
network.
REFERENCES
1. Cisco White Paper, “Cisco visual
networking index - forecast and
methodology, 2011-2016,”
http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/index
.html.
2. “HFC capacity planning for IP
Video”, Sangeeta Ramakrishnan,
Cisco Systems, SCTE 2011.
3. History of Move Networks, Available
Online:
http://www.movenetworks.com/history.h
tml
4. A. Zambelli, “IIS Smooth Streaming
Technical Overview,”
http://www.microsoft.com.
5. Apple Inc., “HTTP Live Streaming
Overview,”
https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/
documentation/networkinginternet/conce
ptual/streamingmediaguide/Introduction/
Introduction.html
6. MPEG, “ISO/IEC 23009-1:2012
Information technology – Dynamic
adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH)
– Part 1: Media presentation description
and segment formats,” 2012.
7. https://www.opennetworking.org/sdn-
resources/onf-specifications/openflow