Odisha is the largest producer of iron ore in India, producing over half of the country's output. Major iron ore deposits are found in the Singhbhum-North Odisha region, which contains over 50% of India's reserves. The key iron ore mining areas in Odisha include Noamundi, Joda, Khondbond, Bolani, Barsua, Gua, Kiriburu. Thermal power generation using coal is a major source of electricity in Odisha. The Hirakud Dam provides flood control, irrigation and hydroelectric power, and is one of India's oldest multi-purpose river valley projects. The Konark Sun Temple was precisely constructed to align with the

1. “NATURE’S GIFTSTO ORISSAAND
THEIREFFECTS”
- ByHarsh,Keertika,PIYUSH,PURVA,
VIRAJPATNE,VIRAJPRADHANANDVISHNU

3. HIGH QUANTITY IRON PRODUCED
BY ODISHA
Odisha is the largest producer of iron ore in India. Odisha accounts for over half of India’s
iron ore production, produced 120 million tonnes during the 2019/2020 year.
MAJOR PLACES IN ORISSA THAT PRODUCE IRON ORE
Precambrian iron ores of the Singhbhum-north Odisha region occur in eastern India as
part of the Iron Ore Group (IOG) within the broad horse-shoe shaped synclinorium. More
than 50% of Indian iron ore reserves occur in this region. Jamda-Koira valley in the
Singhbhum Odisha Iron Ore Craton (SOIOC) hosts major hematite
iron ore deposits in eastern India.

4. IRON ORE MINES
IN ODISHA
The major part of iron ore in Odisha comes
from the places listed below
 Noamundi
 Joda
 Khondbond
 Bolani
 Barsua
 Gua
 Kiriburu

5. Distribution of iron ore production in India in financial
year 2019, by leading state
3%
11%
14%
17%
55%

7. About Chilika Lake
 Chilika lake is a brackish water lake and a shallow lagoon with estuarine character spread across
the districts of puri, khurda and ganjam in the state of Odisha in eastern India.
 Fed by 52 rivers and rivulets
 The waterspread area of Chilika varies between 900 to 1165 sq. Kms. during summers and
monsoon respectively.
 The pear shaped lagoon is about 64.5 km. long and its width varies from 5 to 18 km.
 Connected to the Bay of Bengal by a 32 km long and 1.5 km wide channel that mostly runs
parallel to the bay separated by a narrow spit whose width varies between 100 m to several
kms.
 The lagoon can be broadly divided into four ecological sectors based on salinity and depth,
namely the southern zone, the central zone, the northern zone and the outer channel.
 A number of islands are present in the lagoon, prominent among which are Krushnaprasad,
Nalaban, Kalijai, Somolo and Birds islands. Zoological survey of india in 1985-87 recorded over
800 species in and around the lagoon.

8. Science Behind – Chilika Lake
 A research project by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras has helped Odisha's Chilika
lake,
 In tripling the population of the Irrawaddy dolphins.
 The searchers conducted geotechnical, hydraulic and satellite imagery studies and developed a
dredging methodology with minimum impact on the lake ecosystem.
 The process of dredging consists of the excavation (loosening or dislodging) of the material from
the bottom, removal of the loosened material to the dredge vessel and ultimately transportation
of the material to the placement area.
 The intervention by the premiere institute also benefitted the over 200,000 fishermen living in 132
villages as it resulted in a seven-fold increase of fish catch and tourists to co-exist with the lake
ecosystem with minimal disturbance to the environment, the team claims.
 "Chilika Lagoon is over 4,000 years old and spread over the Puri, Khurda and Ganjam districts of
Odisha.
 The highly productive ecosystem of the lake supports the livelihood for fishermen and also acts as
drainage for Mahanadi river basin," R Sundaravadivelu, Professor at Department of Ocean
Engineering,

10. ORISSA WINDS,
the cause of CYCLONES.
BEING A COASTAL
REGION IT ALWAYS
HAVE WINDS WITH
SPEED OF 130-140
KMPH AND THUS IT
RECEIVES A HEAVY
RAINFALL AND ALSO
GETS FLOODED.
CYCLONES ARE NOT
UNCOMMON IN THE
REGION OF ORISSA.

11. The rule of nature states that “for every
action, there is always an equal and
opposite reaction.”
Heavy rainfall do cause
flood periodically
but it also increases the
water supply and thus
creates more and more
Hydro-energy which is a
renewable source of
energy and does not
pollutes our planet.

13. Thermal Energy
The Major Non
Renewable source
of energy in Orissa.
THE NON RENEWABLE SOURCE
OF ELECTRICITY IN ORISSA IS
THROUGH THERMAL
POWER.ORISSA POWER
GENERATING CORP LTD (OPGCL)
IS A THERMAL POWER
GENERATING COMPANY OWNED
BY THE GOVERNMENT OF
ORISSA.

14. Coal is used to generate thermal power in this
power plant. It owns and operates four units
of power plant – two units of 210 MW each
and two units of 660 MW each totalling a
generating capacity of 1740 MW of power at
LB thermal power Station in Jharsuguda
district of Odisha.

15. In the thermal power plant electricity is
produced by burning coal in a boiler to
produce steam. The steam produced,
under tremendous pressure, flows into a
turbine, which spins a generator to
create electricity. The steam is then
cooled, condensed back into water and
returned to the boiler to start the process
over.
HOW IS COAL USED IN A THERMAL
POWER PLANT ?

17. HIRAKUND DAM, The MAJOR RENEWABLE SOURCE of ENERGY in
ORISSA.
You know the Hirakud dam is one of the longest dam in the world
and it is located in Odisha !! And you all know what is the meaning of
Hirakund ?
Yes absolutely, it means
Island of Diamond.

18. The Governor of odisha (Dr. Ajodhya Nath
Khosla) first planned the multipurpose
Hirakud Dam project
Let us see the technological wonder of
Hirakund Dam

19. HIRAKUD DAM PROJECT IS A MULTIPURPOSE SCHEME INTENDED FOR
FLOOD CONTROL, IRRIGATION AND POWER GENERATION. THE DAM IS
BUILT ACROSS RIVER MAHANADI AT ABOUT 15 KM UPSTREAM OF
SAMBALPUR TOWN IN THE STATE OF ODISHA. THIS IS ONE OF THE OLDEST
HYDEL PROJECTS OF INDIA, BEING THE FIRST POST-INDEPENDENCE MAJOR
MULTIPURPOSE RIVER VALLEY PROJECT IN THE COUNTRY. PANDIT
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU LAID THE FOUNDATION STONE IN 1948. THE DAM IS
LOCATED AT A DISTANCE OF 6 KM FROM NATIONAL HIGHWAY NO. 6. THE
NEAREST RAIL AHEAD IS HIRAKUD RAILWAY STATION WHICH IS AT A
DISTANCE OF 8 KM FROM THE DAM SITE.
THE PROJECT PROVIDES 1,55,635 HECTARES OF KHARIF AND 1,08,385 HA
OF RABI IRRIGATION IN THE DISTRICTS OF SAMBALPUR, BARGARH,
BOLANGIR AND SUBARNAPUR. THE WATER RELEASED THROUGH THE
POWER HOUSE IRRIGATES FURTHER 4,36,000 HA OF C.C.A IN MAHANADI
DELTA. THE INSTALLED CAPACITY FOR POWER GENERATION IS 347.5 MW
THROUGH ITS TWO POWER HOUSES AT BURLA, AT THE RIGHT BANK AND
CHIPLIMA, AT 22 KM DOWN STREAM OF DAM. BESIDES, THE PROJECT
PROVIDES FLOOD PROTECTION TO 9500 SQ. KM OF DELTA AREA IN
DISTRICTS OF CUTTACK AND PURI.

21. The Konark Sun Temple
of Orissa.
The placement of the sun temple
and the Sun God had been aligned
in such a manner that the first glare
of the sun from the shore would
cross the Nata Mandir (Dancing
Hall) and would fall and reflect from
the diamond placed at the crown of
the Sun God. Besides, the most
popular assumption associated with
the Konark temple is its magnets
and the floating idol Surya in the
sun temple.

22. Some amazing realities about sun temple.
 According to legend, the statue of the Sun God inside the temple was built
of material with iron content and was said to be floating in the air, floating
with physical support, due to the unique arrangements of the top magnet,
the bottom magnet and the reinforced magnets around the temple walls.
The main attraction of the temple is its twelve pairs of wheels located at
the base of the temple. These wheels are not ordinary wheels. The spokes
of these wheels create a Sundial. One can calculate the precise time of
the day by just looking at the shadow cast by the spokes of the wheels.

23. Temples are the places that contain pure vibrations of magnetic and
electric fields with positive energy. The main idol is placed in the centre of
the temple, known as Garbhagriha. There are some copper plates,
inscribed with Vedic scripts, buried beneath the main idol.

24. The copper plate absorbs earth’s magnetic waves and radiates it to the
surroundings. Thus a person regularly visiting a temple and walking around the
main idol receives the beamed magnetic waves and his body absorbs it.
Scientifically, it is the positive energy that we all require to have a healthy life. In
olden days, temples were built in such a way that the floor at the centre of the
temple were good conductors of these positive vibrations allowing them to pass
through our feet to the body. Hence it is necessary to walk bare footed while
entering the temple.