The National Vector Borne Disease Control Program (NVBDCP) was launched in 2003 to control six vector-borne diseases in India: malaria, filariasis, kala azar, Japanese encephalitis, dengue, and chikungunya. The program is organized at the national, state, and district levels. Its main activities include formulating policies and guidelines, providing technical guidance, planning, logistics, monitoring and evaluation, coordination, training, and research. The strategies employed by NVBDCP for each disease focus on disease management through detection and treatment, vector management, and supportive interventions like behavior change communication.

1. NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE
DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAM

2. NVBDCP
� Launched in 2003
� 6 vector borne diseases
� Malaria
� Filariasis
� Kala azar
� Japanese encephalitis
� Dengue
� Chikungunya

3. Organization of the program
� National level Technical Nodal office .- The Directorate of National
Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme
� State level - State vector borne diseases control component under the
Directorate of Health Services. —
� District level - District Malaria Offices have been established under
District Chief Medical and Health Offices by the states.
Supervision and monitoring by DVBDC consultants at district level
and malaria technical supervisors(MTSs) at sub district level.
Delivery of malaria control services by ASHAs and other volunteers
at the Community and household level

4. Main activities of Directorate of NVBDCP
1. —
Formulating policies & guidelines —
2. Providing technical guidance to the states —
3. Planning —
4. Logistics —
5. Monitoring & evaluation —
6. Coordination of activities through states/UTs —
7. Collaboration with international organisations —
8. Training —
9. Facilitating research through NCDC, NIMR, RMRC etc —
10. Coordinating control activities in inter state & inter country border areas

5. Strategies
Disease
Management
• Early case detection
and complete
treatment
• Strengthening of
referral services
• Epidemic
preparedness and
rapid response
Integrated Vector
Management
• Entomological
surveillance
• Anti-larval measures
• Anti-adult measures
Supportive
interventions
• BCC
• PPP
• Intersectoral
coverage
• HRD through
capacity building,
operational research
• Monitoring and
evaluation

6. MALARIA

7. Miles stones in the field of Malaria Control
� National malaria control Programme- 1953
� National malaria eradication programme-1958
� Urban malaria scheme -1971
� National Anti malaria Programme -1999
� NVBDCP - 2003
� National framework for malaria elimination in India - 2016

8. NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR MALARIA
ELIMINATION IN INDIA (2016-2030)
� Launched in February 2016
� VISION - Eliminate malaria nationally & contribute to
improved health, quality of life & alleviation of poverty —
� GOALS –
▪ Eliminate malaria (zero indigenous cases) throughout the
entire country by 2030
▪ Maintain malaria free status in areas where malaria
transmission has been interrupted and prevent re-
introduction of malaria

9. Objectives:
� By 2022 transmission of malaria interrupted and zero
indigenous cases to be attained in all states that were under
category 1 & 2 in 2014
� By 2024 incidence of malaria to be reduced to less than 1
case per 1000 population
� By 2027 indigenous transmission of malaria to be
interrupted in all states and UTs
� By 2030 malaria to be eliminated through out the entire
country and reestablishment of transmission prevented.

10. � Classification of states /UTs for malaria elimination in
India —
▪ Category 3 (Intensified control phase)
▪ Category 2 (Pre- elimination phase) —
▪ Category 1 (Elimination phase) —
▪ Category 0 (Prevention of re- establishment phase) —

11. Strategies:
� Early diagnosis and radical treatment
� Case based surveillance and rapid response
� Integrated vector management
� Epidemic Preparedness and early response
� Monitoring and evaluation
� Advocacy , co-ordination and partnership
� Behaviour change communication and community mobilization
� Program planning and management

12. Urban Malaria Scheme
� Launched in 1971 to over come the increasing incidence of malaria in
urban areas where the vector was found to be An. Stephansi. Intensive
anti larval measures and drug treatment are the mainstay of UMS.
� Reorganization - Malaria Units under NMEP were reorganized to
conform to the geographical boundaries of the district and the
CDMO was made responsible for implementation of the
programme
� Decentralization of Laboratory services- Laboratory Technician
with the necessary facilities is now located at each PHC
� Establishment of Drug Distribution Centers (DDCs) and Fever
Treatment Depots (FTDs)

13. Malaria Control Strategies
1. Epidemiological surveillance and case management
� Case detection active and passive.
� Early diagnosis and complete treatment
� Sentinel surveillance
2. Integrated Vector Management(IVM) —
⮚ ANTILARVAL MEASURES : Environmental control ,Chemical
control, Biological control —
⮚ ANTIADULT MEASURES: Residual sprays, Space sprays, Genetic
control —
⮚ PERSONAL PROTECTION: Mosquito net, Screening, Repellants

14. 3. Epidemic preparedness and early response
4. Strengthening of referral services
5. Supportive interventions
⮚ Behavioral change communication(BCC)
⮚ Public Private Partnership & intersectoral convergence
⮚ Human resource development through Capacity building
,Operational research including studies on drug resistance &
insecticide susceptibility
⮚ Monitoring & evaluation through periodic reviews/ field visits

17. Filariasis

18. National Filariasis Control Program
� Launched in 1955, In 1978 merged with urban malaria scheme.
� Implemented through:
❖ Urban - Filaria control unit, filaria clinics, survey unit
❖ Rural- primary health care system
� Strategy include:
❑ Vector control through antilarval operations , source reductions
❑ Detection and treatment of microfilaria carriers and morbidity
management.
❑ IEC

19. Elimination of lymphatic filariasis
� NHP (2002) envisaged ELF by 2015.
� Goal: Number of microfilaria carriers is less than 1% and Children
born after ELF initiation are free from circulating antigenemia.
� Strategy:
❑ Annual mass drug administration of single dose of antifilarial
drug to interrupt disease transmission.
❑ Home based management of lymphedema cases and upscaling
of hydrocele operations in identified CHCs/ district hospitals and
medical colleges.

21. KALA AZAR
Endemic in Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh

22. Kala Azar Elimination Program
� Launched in 1990-91. Revised as total eradication of kala- azar on
2nd september 2014.
� Strategy:
1. Enhanced case detection and complete treatment : rk39 rapid
diagnostic kit and oral miltefosine
2. Transmission interruption by vector control (pyrethroid).
3. BCC
4. Capacity building
5. Monitoring, supervision and evaluation
6. Research

23. � Incentive to ASHA:
• Rs 300- identifying each case
• Rs 100 – one round insecticide spraying
� Revised Strategy includes:
• Introduction of RDT kit by ICMR
• Single dose treatment with liposomal Amphoterecin
B , IV 10mg/kgbw to reduce human reservoir

25. Japanese Encephalitis
2003, for elimination of JE

26. Strategies for prevention and control of JE
⮚ Strengthening surveillance activities through sentinel sites in tertiary
hospitals
⮚ Early diagnosis & Case management
⮚ Integrated vector control: Personal protection, Larvivorous fish
⮚ Capacity building
⮚ BCC/IEC:
• JE Vaccination
• Keeping pigs away
• Use of malathion as outdoor fogging

28. Dengue Fever & Chikungunya fever
Merged with NVBDCP on 2006

29. Strategies for prevention & control of Dengue &
Chikungunya
a. Surveillance - Disease and Entomological Surveillance
b. Case management - Laboratory diagnosis and Clinical
management
c. Vector management - Environmental management for Source
Reduction, Chemical control, Personal protection and Legislation
d. Outbreak response - Epidemic preparedness and Media
management
e. Capacity building - Training, strengthening human resource and
Operational research
f. Behaviour Change Communication - Social mobilization and
Information Education and Communication (IEC)
g. Inter-sectoral coordination - Health, Urban Development, Rural
Development, Panchayati Raj, Surface Transport and Education
sector
h. Monitoring and Supervision - Analysis of reports, review, field
visit and feedback