The document discusses the National Policy on Education (NPE) of India and the Ramamurti Commission. The key points are: 1. The NPE was formulated in 1968 and 1986 to promote education across India. It aimed to make education accessible, improve quality, and increase financial support. 2. The 1986 policy focused on universal primary education, scientific/technological development, and social/cultural advancement. It emphasized values of national identity and integration. 3. The Ramamurti Commission reviewed the implementation of the 1968 policy and recommended reforms such as reorganizing education stages and promoting vocational training and equality of opportunity.

1. NATIONAL POLICY ON
EDUCATION
and
RAMAMURTI COMMISSION
HARPREET DHATT
M.Sc [N] 1st Year

2. The function of education is to teach
one to think intensively and to think
critically. Intelligence plus character
that is the goal of true education.
-Martin
Luther King Jr.

3. • Education has always been
Title accorded an honored place
in Indian society.
• The great leaders of the
Indian freedom movement
realized the fundamental
role of education and
throughout the nation’s
struggle for
independence, stressed its
unique significance for
national development.

4. Gandhi formulated
the scheme of basic
education, seeking
to harmonize
intellectual and
manual work. This
was a great step
forward in making
education directly
relevant to the life of
the people.

5. • The National Policy on Education (NPE)
is a policy formulated by the
Government of India to promote
education amongst India’s people.
• The policy covers elementary
education to colleges in both rural and
urban India.
• The first NPE was promulgated in 1968
by the government of Prime Minister
Indira Gandhi and second by Prime
Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1986.

6. BACKGROUND (NEED)
• 1) There was an urgent need to solve the problems
of access, quality, quantity, utility and financial
outlay, accumulated over the years which were
massive in proportions.
• 2) The general formulation is corporated in the 1968
policy did not get translated into detailed study of
implementation. The former Prime Minister of
India, Shri Rajiv Gandhi announced in January
1985, that a new education policy would be
formulated in the country.

7. ‘Challenges of education – A policy
perspective’ was issued by the
ministry of education, government
of India.
Countrywide debate on educational
reforms
The new policy on education, 1986
approved by parliament in MAY
1986.

8. SAILENT FEATURES OF NPE’86
Common educational
structure
10+2+3 structure

9. SAILENT FEATURES OF NPE’86
National curricular framework with a
common core
Will include the:
History of India’s freedom movement,
The constitutional obligations,
Other content essential to nurture national
identity.

10. National curricular
framework with a common
core
Minimum levels of learning
Priorities of educational reforms
Meaningful partnership

11. GOALS OF NPE

12. Education for All
To universalize elementary education
To prevent the possibility of adult illiteracy in
the years by reducing the dropouts in schools.
To accelerate non-formal education and make
education reach the remotest corner of the
country.

13. Scientific and Technological
Development
• Strengthen educational T.V.(E.T.V.) and audio
program capabilities and provide wider access to
them.
• To improve science education in schools.

14. Promote rural technology and appropriate
technology to achieve economic development.
Develop scientific temper.
Acquaints students and teachers with the
range of computer application and its
potential as a learning medium.

15. Social and Cultural Development
To create awareness regarding our cultural
heritage to develop appreciation of diverse
cultures of our country
To develop appreciation of the achievement
of our national leaders.
To promote values of national
integration, secularism.

16. To remove barriers between various age
groups, diverse cultures, socio economic
groups and urban and rural community
To provide equal opportunities to all
communities for education

17. •
To faster universal and eternal values
oriented towards the integration of our
country
To provide development of Indian languages
To promote rational outlook.

18. Human Resource Development
To create awareness in all To create awareness about
citizens ability the rapid increasing levels of
rate of population growth. pollution & the hazards of
environment.

19. To develop a sense of To develop healthy
responsibility & individuals capable of
commitment among the contributing to the social
individual to the problems and economic
of nation. development.

20. • To make provisions for
facilitating the basic
minimum needs & have the
maximum level of learning
at all stages.

21. • Develop social and vocational skills
Provide a broad based skill oriented vocational training

22. •
To develop positive attitudes to work, co-operative activity & to
life long learning & work culture has to be developed to have
a dedicated committed work force.

23. Equalization of Opportunities
• Equal opportunities to be given scheduled caste &
tribes, backward classes and minorities
The handicapped to be provided facilities for special institutions
Empowerment of women

24. Objectives of NPE
“Education is the unique
investment on the present and
the future”

25. Objectives of NPE
The main thrust of the policy is the
man and his/her preparation to
face the 21st century.
The concept of national system of
education implies that up to a given
level all students irrespective of
caste, creed, sex etc. have access to
education of a comparable quality.

26. Objectives of NPE
The national system of education will be
based on a national curricular
framework.
To motivate the younger generation for
international co operation and peaceful
co existence.

27. Objectives of NPE
To encourage the young to undertake the
discovery of India, its image and
perception.
To establish network arrangements
between different institutions in the
country

28. Objectives of NPE
To provide opportunities to the
youth, housewives and industrial workers etc.
to continue the education of their choice at the
pace suited to them.
The union Government would accept a large
integrative character of education.
To integrate physically and mentally
handicapped with the general community as
equal partners.

29. Recommendations of NPE
Reorganization
Education for of Education at
Equality Different
Stages

30. Recommendations on Education
for Equality
Disparity
Education for Women’s Equality
Education of Scheduled Castes
Education of Scheduled Tribes
Other Educationally Backward Sections and
Areas
Minorities
Handicapped
Adult Education

31. Reorganization of Education at
Different Stages
Early Childhood and Education
Elementary Education
School Facilities
Non-formal Education
A Resolve
Secondary Education and Navodaya Vidalayas

32. Reorganization of Education at
Different Stages
Vocationalization of Education
Higher education
Open Universities and Distance Learning
Technical and Management Education
Delinking Degrees from Job
Review

33. MERITS OF NPE’86
1) Deep concern had been shown by the prime
minister in formulation of NPE.
2) The nation wide debate was conducted for
the formulation of the policy.
3) The program of action was checked
out.

34. 4) The ministry of education was
renamed as ministry of Human Resource
Development (HRD).
5) The policy believes in decentralization.
6) Equality of educational opportunities.

35. 7) Vocational and technical education has
received a very high priority
8) The policy emphasizes recruitment of
teachers on merit improvement

36. Limitations of NPE
Neglecting the ‘Neighborhood School’concept.
Multiplication of authorities.
No place for basic education.
Silence over the existence of Public Schools and
their commercialization.
Financial implications of the implementation of
educational reforms have not been worked out.

38. •