Nasal and sinus tumors can be benign or cancerous growths occurring in the nose or sinuses. Cancerous nasal tumors are rare, with cancers of the sphenoid or frontal sinuses accounting for only 5% of such cancers. Risk factors include smoking, dust and chemical exposures, and men are more commonly affected in their 50s and 60s. Tumors are diagnosed through medical history, physical exam, imaging like MRI or CT, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the size and spread of the tumor, and may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or endoscopic or open surgical removal.

1. Presented By
RajneeShrestha
Lecturesof Bheri Nursing collage

2. DEFINITION
• Nasal and sinus tumors are benign or
cancerous tumors that occur in the
nose or sinuses.
• Cancerous nasal cavity or sinus tumors
are rare.
• Cancer in the sphenoid or frontal
sinuses is extremely rare, accounting
for only 5% of such cancers.

3. CAUSES/RISK FACTORS
• Men more common
• Age: 50s and 60s
• Smoking and tobacco smoke
• Exposure to dust from wood, leather or textiles, inhaling
vapors from glue, formaldehyde, solvents, nickel,
chromium, rubbing alcohol and radium etc.

4. TYPES
• Squamous cell carcinoma: most common about 70% of such
cancers occurs in the respiratory tract.
• Adenocarcinoma: about 10-20% occurs in the sinus lining.
• Lymphoma: about 5% of such cancers are caused by cells in
the immune or lymphatic system.
• Melanomas: about 3% arise from cells in the sinus lining that
contain pigment and are very aggressive.

5. SYMPTOMS
• Persistent nasal congestion, especially on one side.
• Pain in the forehead, cheek, nose or around eyes and ear.
• Post nasal drip at the back of the throat
• Double or blurred vision
• Loss of sense of smell or taste
• Pain or numbness in the face or teeth
• A growth in the face, nose, palate or neck
• Runny eyes
• Difficulty opening the mouth
• Recurrent ear infections
• Difficulty hearing

6. DIAGNOSIS
• Medical history: a detailed history of the patient is taken first
through which it is determined when the symptoms started and
the intensity of the symptoms.
• Physical examination of head and neck
• MRI and CT: may be done to further confirm the diagnosis of
Nasal Tumor.
• A positron emission tomography (PET) scan
• Biopsy

7. TREATMENT
• Surgery
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Can be removed by endoscopic is tumor is small
• If tumor has spread into cheek, eye, brain, nerves
then an open surgical approach is often required