Nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the nanoscale (1-100nm) to utilize size-dependent properties. Global investment in nanotechnology R&D was $40 billion in 2008 and $41 billion in 2010, with expected growth areas including healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and energy. Nanotechnology converges with many disciplines and may impact sectors like health, IT, and energy through applications in areas such as diagnostics, drug delivery, and renewable energy. Realizing nanotechnology's potential will require addressing challenges like health and environmental risks, intellectual property issues, and public acceptance.

2. Nanotechnology is defined as: the application of scientific knowledge
to manipulate and control matter at the Nano scale level to make use of
size and structure dependent properties and phenomena distinct from
those associated with individual atoms or molecules or with bulk
materials.
The Nano scale is the size range from approximately 1nm to 100nm.
Nanotechnology exhibits a strong degree of convergence with many
other disciplines, such as the information and communications
technologies (ICT) industry.

3. Governments has invested USD$40 billion for the year 2008,
and USD9.75 billion had been invested in following year 2009.
European Union (27 members + Seventh Framework
Programme)
Russia
United States
Japan
China
The estimated rapid growth for 17% of the global market for
the nanotechnologies by 2015 for the areas in healthcare and
pharmaceuticals applications
The corporations in the world was invested USD$41bn on
nanotechnology R&D for the year 2010 on areas like defence,
semiconductors, pharmaceutical and health care, aviation and
food

4. Global Nanotechnology Market by Type, Through to 2015 (USD $ Million)
CAGR%
NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009 2010 2015 2010 - 2015
Nanomaterials 9,027.2 9,887.9 19,621.7 14.7
Nanotools 2,613.1 5,797.2 6,812.5 3.3
Nanodevices 31.0 35.4 233.7 45.9
Applications of Nanotechnology, 2015
TOTAL 11,671.3 15,720.5 26,667.9 11.1

5. Nanotechnology developed in synthetic biology, Nano biotechnology, cost-effective
carbon capture, quantum information systems, Geoengineering and other emerging
and converging technologies (combination of biotechnology, ICT, nanotechnology
and cognitive science )
Building Blocks of Nanotechnology Used, Components and Final End-Use Products
BUILDING BLOCKS COMPONENTS END-USE PRODUCTS
Metal/Organometallics Catalysts Fuels, Chemicals
Metal Oxides Nanoparticle coatings, UV Block
Dispersions, Chemical Mechanical Sunscreens, Cosmetics, High
Polishing (CMP) slurry additives performance coating, CMP slurries
Solar cells, in vitro diagnostics, Gene
Silicon Quantum dots Films and encapsulation expression assay, Medical imaging
Moisture wicking apparel, Stain
Nanowhiskers Fabric coating
resistant apparel
Aerospace, Displays (experimental),
Carbon Nanotubes Scanning probe tip, Field emitting Sporting goods, Electronics, Non- volatile
devices, Polymer additives, Carbon memory, Automobiles, “Super” capacitors,
composite fillers, Electrodes, Transistors Atomic force microscope
Inorganic Nanostructure Coated thin films Solar cells, Displays
Organic Molecules Self-assembling structures Molecular memory, Solar cells
Gold core
oligonucleotides Reagents Bio-defence, in vitro diagnostics
Nanoscale porous
Medical implants Drug delivery, in vivo diagnostics
silicon

6. Nanomaterials having a impact on sectors such as a Health,IT,Energy fields.
The major drivers for the nanotechnologies in energy sector for the need of security and
sustainability of energy supply, and growing consumer and government awareness of the implications
of climate change.
Nanomaterials will also contribute to the development of new drugs, therapies, and cures for
currently chronic and fatal illnesses
The application of nanotechnologies has the widespread of vast capability and assurance for
advanced diagnostics, improved public health and new therapeutic treatments.

7. Nanotechnology has potentially opportunities in the
health, energy, and the environmental remediation
markets such as,
Environment
Water
Agriculture
Clean Technology
Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals

8. Development of useful applications for Nano scale phenomena;
Regulatory, legal, political and ethical issues;
Competition with established micro scale technologies;
License of proof-of-concept Nano tools, delivery systems and products;
Intellectual property protection, and skilling of patent and technology transfer offices;
Potential internal reluctance to embrace nanotechnologies and Nano tools within businesses;
Undertaking nanotechnology R&D in a way that pro-actively and meaningfully engages with society;
Large-scale production cost challenges;
Cost premium over existing products;
Need for multidisciplinary infrastructure and researchers;
Safety and toxicity and the effective management of the potential risks of manufactured Nano
materials;
Public and consumer concern about safety and resulting consumer activism that might inhibit
commercial investment in nanotechnology-based products.;

9. Risks include health and safety risks, ecological, business, political, social, ethical, and security risks
The major risks for the Nanotechnologies in potential toxicity, health and safety effects, and invasive nature
of some manufactured Nano materials.
The adequate management and control of risks in engineered Nano materials and products
incorporating Nano materials worldwide.
Nanotechnology Work Health and Safety Program, is focusing on
Ensure nanotechnology is covered appropriately within the Work Health and Safety;
Regulatory Framework;
Improve understanding of the hazardous properties of engineered Nano materials;
Assess the effectiveness of workplace controls in preventing exposure to engineered Nano materials;
Develop procedures for detecting and measuring emissions exposure in workplaces;
Provide information and guidance for Australian nanotechnology organizations;
Ensure consistency with international approaches & contributing to international work;

10. Growth and demand for clean technology and alternative energy products are likely to be
stimulated by the introduction of nanotechnologies in the near future, enhancing efficacies of
technologies embraced by the industry, and displacing older technologies and business
enterprises relying on them.
Nanotechnologies are expected to have a large impact on the health care industry
The applications of Convergence of Nano Technologies and products in the filed of medicine,
dentistry and diagnostics.

11. Nano tools refers the technologies of enabled services of
Engineering, envision of scientists, and influence of atoms.
The Nano scale is the most powerful and efficient tools of
Nanotechnology.
Commerical Nano tools
Nano manipulators
Near-field optical microscopes;
Nano machining tools ;
Advanced optical lithography tools.

12. Manufactured Nano materials -
Aluminum Oxide
Cerium Oxide
Iron Nano particles
Silver Nano particles
Titanium dioxide
Zinc Oxide
Silicon dioxide
Polystyrene
Dendrimers
Nan clays
Carbon black
Fullerenes(C60)
Single-walled carbon Nano tubes(SWCNTs)
Multi-walled carbon Nano tubes(MWCNTs)

13. Share of Nanomaterial Demand by Type, 2003-2025

14. Global Nano device Sales (Including Commercial Nano devices), Through to 2015 (USD $ Million)
CAGR% 2010-
APPLICATION 2009 2010 2015
2015
Nano-HPLC 28.0 30.5 47.0 9.0
Nanosensors 3.0 4.9 20.7 33.4
Drug production and mixing systems
0.0 0.0 16.0 --
TOTAL COMMERCIAL 31.0 35.4 83.7 18.8
Developmental 0.0 0.0 150.0 --
TOTAL 31.0 35.4 233.7 45.9

15. Nano sensors
key future applications for Nano sensor technology include:
Healthcare; Nano sensors will assist in monitoring the health of patients and the general public.
The agricultural industry; Nano sensors will assist in monitoring the health of crops and farm animals as well as water
resource management.
The food industry;
The oil and gas sector; Nano sensors will assist in allowing the high throughput detection of uncharted oil and gas
reserves.
Environmental remediation applications including applications in air, soil and water remediation.
Military and security use for the prompt detection of biological and chemical threats.
The automotive industry will look to invest in Nano sensing mechanisms to enhance performance.
System of Systems
This activity will be driven by:
The benefit of each technology;
Their ability to communicate with other technologies ;
Their self-poweredness;
Memory
Nano science is emerging in the field of computer and data storage
Other new memory technologies will include magnetic random access memory, ferroelectric memory, Nano-floating-
gate devices, and phase-change chalcogenide memory.

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