The document discusses the connections between art and science through the example of stained glass windows. It explains how medieval stained glass artists were early nanotechnologists as they manipulated materials like sand at the nanoscale to create colorful glass. Today, scientists are again harnessing nanoscale properties to develop new technologies like cancer-treating gold nanoparticles and bacteria-killing silver nanoparticles, showing how the fields of art and science continue to influence each other.

1. THE SCIENCE OF STAINED GLASS Materials Research Science and Engineering Center at UW – Madison www.mrsec.wisc.edu/nano

2. ARE SCIENCE AND ART CONNECTED? www.mrsec.wisc.edu/nano

4. HOW ARE THESE CONNECTED? Depiction of a forest glass shop from Sir John Mandeville's Travels , dated 1420 – 1450. British Library, London

5. HOW ARE THESE CONNECTED? Both show NANOTECHNOLOGISTS!! Depiction of a forest glass shop from Sir John Mandeville's Travels , dated 1420 – 1450. British Library, London

6. WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY? Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications. Encompassing nanoscale science, engineering and technology, nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale . --National Nanotechnology Initiative (2003) … But what does that mean?

7. WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY? … How small is extremely small? 1. The nanometer is extremely small. 2. At the nanometer scale, many materials behave differently . 3. We can harness this new behavior to make new technologies.

8. EXACTLY HOW SMALL IS NANO? meter 1/100 th of a meter (centimeter) 1/1000 th of a meter (millimeter) All these are still visible with your eyes . 1/10 th of a meter

9. … ..SMALLER THAN YOU CAN SEE! One-millionth of meter (micrometer) Nanoscale objects are 1,000 times SMALLER!!! 6-8 µm

10. … ..SMALLER THAN YOU CAN SEE! Viruses 3-50 nm DNA 2.5 nm Atoms <1 nm A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter!! Buckyball ~1 nm Nanotube ~1 nm

11. “ NANO” ALL AROUND US Tata Nano Apparel with silver nanoparticles Self-cleaning windows Samsung washing machine Baby gear VX Nano Cordless Laser Mouse

13. THINGS ARE DIFFERENT….. Size really does matter! Bulk Nano

14. THINGS ARE DIFFERENT….. Size really does matter! Bulk Nano Nanoparticles interact differently with light.

15. Chang, Kenneth. “Tiny is Beautiful: Translating ‘Nano’ Into Practical.” New York Times 22 Feb 2005: Science. CHANGING THE SIZE OF THE GOLD PARTICLES EFFECTS COLOR Size=25 nm Shape: spherical Color: RED Size=50 nm Shape: spherical Color: GREEN Size=100 nm Shape: spherical Color: ORANGE

16. Chang, Kenneth. “Tiny is Beautiful: Translating ‘Nano’ Into Practical.” New York Times 22 Feb 2005: Science. CHANGING THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF THE SILVER PARTICLES EFFECTS COLOR Size=100 nm Shape: spherical Color: YELLOW Size=40 nm Shape: spherical Color: BLUE Size=100 nm Shape: triangular Color: RED

17. PLASMON RESONANCE A small class vs. a football stadium full of people

19. SILVER NANOPARTICLES TODAY Silver nanoparticles are being use to kill bacteria in: Athletic apparel Socks Refrigerators Storage containers Washing machines

20. YOUR TURN! You

22. THANK YOU! This project was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. ESI-0532536. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Foundation .