This is a presentation about "Nanoparticles Mediated Controlled Drug Delivery" and here I discuss about the need to control drug delivery and the need to improve poorly soluble drug delivery system and so on.

1. Nanoparticles Mediated Controlled
Drug Delivery
Presented By-
Munia Akter
Roll No- BKH1813MSc126F
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Noakhali Science and Technology University
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2. Contents
Introduction
Types of Nanoparticles
Applied to Drug Delivery
Need to control drug
delivery
Conclusions
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3. Introduction
• Nanoparticles are sub nanosized colloidal drug delivery systems
• Particle size ranges from 10-1000 nm in diameter
• They are composed of synthetic or semi synthetic polymers carrying drugs or
proteinaceous substances, i.e. antigen(s)
• Drugs are entrapped in the polymer matrix particulates or solid solutions or may
be bound to particle surface by physical adsorption or in chemical form
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4. Types of Nanoparticles Applied to Drug
Delivery
• Various nanostructures including liposomes, polymers, dendrimers, carbon
nanoparticles, nanowires, nanopores, quantam dots, micelles and magnetic
nanoparticles have been tested as carriers in drug delivery.
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5. Need to control drug delivery
• Nanoparticle mediate controlled drug delivery system is utilized to
overcome the limitations and drawbacks of conventional drug
administration
• In controlled drug delivery systems, the drug is transported at the place of
action, increasing its influence on the vital tissues and minimizing its
undesirable side effects
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6. Ref: Anu Hardenia et al,3/8/2020 6
Limitations of conventional drug
delivery
Advantages of nanoparticle
mediate controlled drug delivery
Drug delivery

7. Designing of
nano-drug
delivery system
Delivery
duration
Targetabilit
y
Drug
release
Route of
administrat
ion
Drug
properties
Biocompati
bility
Nature of
materials
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Nano drug delivery system

8. 1. Improve delivery of poorly water soluble
drugs
• The poor solubility of drug is a major problem which limits the development of
highly potent pharmaceutics
• Nanotechnology based drug delivery system has potential to overcome the poor
aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic/metabolic stability of drugs associated with
the oral route of administration
• Nanoparticles improve delivery of poorly water soluble drugs in water by
delivering drug of small particle size allowing faster dissolution in blood stream
leading to targeted drug delivery in a cell- or tissue specific manner
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9. • Highly lipophilic drugs can also be employed inside the hydrophobic core of
biocompatible polymer or surfactant
Composite of low solubility drug and surfactants Solid-in-water
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10. 2. Protect the therapeutic agents from
physiological barriers
A) Blood-brain-barrier (BBB):
• Nanoparticles can be employed in delivering
therapeutic agents in brain tumor as they can cross
blood brain barrier through opening of tight
junctions
• Tween-80 coated nanoparticles have been shown to
cross the blood-brain barrier.
Polysorbate 80
(tween 80) overcoat
250nm
PBCA
nanoparticle
Apo E
Absorbed/incorporated
drug payload
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11. B) enzymatic degradation in GIT:
• Three main factors have been reported to destabilize oral delivery
• These include bile salts, pH, pancreatic and gastric enzymes (which would mainly
impair delivery of protein based drugs like insulin)
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12. • To protect the drug from these harsh condition drug is better coated with a
biocompatible carrier eg. (liposome, poly saccharide …,etc).
Advantages
 Physiochemically stable
 Protect from enzymatic
degradation
 Enhanced blood residence time
 Specific target-ability
 Increased aqueous solubility and
dissolution rate
 Enhanced lymphatic transport
 Reduced drug efflux
Enhanced oral absorption of drug
Enhancement of oral bioavailability
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13. 3. Targeted drug delivery
• Controlled drug delivery system enhances drug concentration in diseased tissues
with nanoparticles, therefore, lower doses of drugs are required so it
• Improved efficacy,
• Reduced toxicity and
• Improved patient compliance and convenience
• Cell-specific targeting is generally achieved by attaching drugs to individually
designed nano carriers.
• There are two main mechanisms of targeted drug delivery:
A) Passive targeting B) Active targeting
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14. A) Passive targeting:
• Passive targeting is achieved through a process called enhanced permeability
and retention (EPR) effect
• As tumor cells tend to grow quickly, they must stimulate the production of
blood vessels
• These newly formed tumor vessels are usually abnormal in form and
architecture
• They are poorly aligned defective endothelial cells with wide fenestrations,
lacking a smooth muscle layer, or innervation with a wider lumen, and
impaired functional receptors for angiotensin II
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15. • The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is a controversial concept
by which molecules of certain sizes (liposomes or micelles or nanoparticle) tend to
accumulate in tumor tissue much more than they do in normal tissues
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Ref, Aditi M. Jhaveri

16. • Tumor tissues usually lack effective lymphatic drainage.
• All of these factors lead to specific accumulation and prolonged retention of the nano
particulate drug.
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Ref, Toporkiewicz M

17. B) Active targeting
• Active targeting can be referred to as receptor
mediated drug delivery.
• Involves the design of molecules that are
complementary in shape and charge to the cell
receptor target with which they interact and
therefore will bind to it.
• The ligand is usually a molecule which produces a
signal by binding to a site on a target receptor.
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18. • Ligands might be antibodies, polypeptides,
oligosaccharides (carbohydrates), viral proteins,
and molecules of endogenous origin
• The receptors act as molecular targets or portals,
and ligands being added to the surface of
nanoparticles, with receptor specificity and
selectivity, are trafficked en route to the target site
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19. Conclusion
• Nanoparticles are promising for delivering compounds to improve the
pharmacological and therapeutic properties of conventional drugs
• Incorporating drug molecules in nanocarriers provides massive advantages like
Better bio distribution of active compounds,
Protection against degradation,
Improved drug attachment,
Improved passage, targeting, expulsion and communication with biological
barriers.
• It is hoped that nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery systems will revolutionize
and prove to be the milestone in the biomedical field.
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20. Thank You
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