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Museums and Shoah, from yesterday to today:
the case of Italy
Paolo Coen - Università degli Studi di Teramo
www.paolocoen.blogspot.it
Twitter: @paolocoen67
Structure of the paper
1. Museology of the Shoah: definition, classification and
examples
2. The case of Italy, up to 1989
3. The case of Italy: recent buildings and current projects
Structure of the paper
1. Museology of the Shoah: definition, classification and
examples
2. The case of Italy: up to 1989
3. The case of Italy: some recent buildings and current projects
A basic question: what is a Museum?
Museums are basically collective memory machines.
As such, museums were established in the XVIIIth
century, first in Rome, then in Florence and London.
Their primary functions were to preserve beautiful or
‘important’ objects; to promote research; to
communicate their own knowledge to the public.
Definition
Modern museums are institutions, either public or
private, aimed at preserving, studying and
expanding to the public the knowledge of single
or series of cultural assets.
Each cultural asset, no matter if material or
immaterial, has to do with the concept and the
value of collective memory.
Categories: Museums and the Shoah
• Museums built or installed on – or close to –
sites where historical events connected to the
Shoah took place
• Museums of individual Jewish communities or
of the entire Jewish people
• Shoah, or Holocaust Museums per se
Museums built or installed on – or close to – sites where
historical events connected to the Shoah took place
Museums of individual Jewish communities
or of the entire Jewish people
Shoah, or Holocaust Museums per se
Holocaust Museums
• What?
• Who?
• When?
• Where?
• Why?
Musei della Shoah in Israele
• Ghetto Fighter’s House, 1949
• Yad Vashem, 1953
• Yad Mordechai , 1967
Israel Katnelson’s Holocaust Museum
Beit Lohamei Haghetaot, Ghetto Fighter’s Museum
10 km from Akko e da Naharia
1949
Yad Vashem
Jerusalem
1953
Holocaust Museum
Kibbutz Yad Mordechai
1967
Shoah Museum outside Israel
1993. United States Holocaust and Memorial
Museum, Washington
1993. Museum of Tolerance, Los Angeles
1993. Holocaust Museum, New York
1996. The Holocaust Museum, Houston
2000. The Holocaust Exhibition, Imperial War
Museum, Londra
2000. Jüdisches Museum’s new wing, Berlin
2005. Musem and Memorial of the Killed Jews
of Europe, Berlin
2009. Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education
Centre, Skokie, Chicago
Structure of today’s paper
1. Museology of the Shoah: definition, classification, examples
2. The case of Italy: up to 1989
3. The case of Italy: some recent buildings and current projects
The Risiera di San Sabba, i.e. San Sabba’s Rice Factory
Trieste
1966-1975
The Memorial and Museum of Deportation
Carpi
1973
Memorial of the Italian Inmates in Auschwitz
Florence, Campi Bisenzio, formerly Auschwitz, Block 21
1975-1980
It’s old wisdom, as already warned Heinrich Heine,
who was both German and Jew: who burns books
will eventually burn men. Violence is a non-
extinguishable seed.
Primo Levi
Structure of today’s paper
1. Museology of the Shoah: definition and classification
2. The case of Italy: up to 1989
3. The case of Italy: some recent buildings and current projects
Andrea Bruno
Project for the expansion of the Maison d'Izieu
2008
Luca Zevi
Museo della Memoria e dell’accoglienza
Memory and Friendship Museum
Nardò
2009
Annalisa de Curtis and Guido Morpurgo
Track 21 Memorial
Milano
Scape Group
MEIS - National Museum of the Italian Jews and of
the Shoah
Ferrara
Under construction
Scape Group - Paolo Mezzalama, Francesco
Marinelli, Alessandro Cambi, Ludovica Di Falco
Luca Zevi
Shoah Museum
Rome
On its way
Conclusions
Out of Israel, the Museums of the Shoah have been
created so to fulfill the demand arose by modern
democracies of the Western world.
They are a strong part of our collective memory. They try
to orient it, to shape it in pacific, democratic and
reasonable terms.
They serve as ramparts of Memory: in Italy, they are
ramparts against the banalization and denial of the Shoah.
Key factors in the building process
• the ‘tactical scenario’, eg Italian political balance
and changes
• the global and European scenario
• to accept the memory Shoah and transform it
into the key factor in the peace-process of
Europe
Museums and Shoah, from yesterday to today: the case of Italy, by Paolo Coen

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Museums and Shoah, from yesterday to today: the case of Italy, by Paolo Coen

  • 1. Museums and Shoah, from yesterday to today: the case of Italy Paolo Coen - Università degli Studi di Teramo www.paolocoen.blogspot.it Twitter: @paolocoen67
  • 2. Structure of the paper 1. Museology of the Shoah: definition, classification and examples 2. The case of Italy, up to 1989 3. The case of Italy: recent buildings and current projects
  • 3. Structure of the paper 1. Museology of the Shoah: definition, classification and examples 2. The case of Italy: up to 1989 3. The case of Italy: some recent buildings and current projects
  • 4. A basic question: what is a Museum? Museums are basically collective memory machines. As such, museums were established in the XVIIIth century, first in Rome, then in Florence and London. Their primary functions were to preserve beautiful or ‘important’ objects; to promote research; to communicate their own knowledge to the public.
  • 5. Definition Modern museums are institutions, either public or private, aimed at preserving, studying and expanding to the public the knowledge of single or series of cultural assets. Each cultural asset, no matter if material or immaterial, has to do with the concept and the value of collective memory.
  • 6. Categories: Museums and the Shoah • Museums built or installed on – or close to – sites where historical events connected to the Shoah took place • Museums of individual Jewish communities or of the entire Jewish people • Shoah, or Holocaust Museums per se
  • 7. Museums built or installed on – or close to – sites where historical events connected to the Shoah took place
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Museums of individual Jewish communities or of the entire Jewish people
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Shoah, or Holocaust Museums per se
  • 16. Holocaust Museums • What? • Who? • When? • Where? • Why?
  • 17. Musei della Shoah in Israele • Ghetto Fighter’s House, 1949 • Yad Vashem, 1953 • Yad Mordechai , 1967
  • 18. Israel Katnelson’s Holocaust Museum Beit Lohamei Haghetaot, Ghetto Fighter’s Museum 10 km from Akko e da Naharia 1949
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31. Shoah Museum outside Israel 1993. United States Holocaust and Memorial Museum, Washington 1993. Museum of Tolerance, Los Angeles 1993. Holocaust Museum, New York 1996. The Holocaust Museum, Houston
  • 32. 2000. The Holocaust Exhibition, Imperial War Museum, Londra 2000. Jüdisches Museum’s new wing, Berlin 2005. Musem and Memorial of the Killed Jews of Europe, Berlin 2009. Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Centre, Skokie, Chicago
  • 33. Structure of today’s paper 1. Museology of the Shoah: definition, classification, examples 2. The case of Italy: up to 1989 3. The case of Italy: some recent buildings and current projects
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. The Risiera di San Sabba, i.e. San Sabba’s Rice Factory Trieste 1966-1975
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43. The Memorial and Museum of Deportation Carpi 1973
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Memorial of the Italian Inmates in Auschwitz Florence, Campi Bisenzio, formerly Auschwitz, Block 21 1975-1980
  • 52.
  • 53. It’s old wisdom, as already warned Heinrich Heine, who was both German and Jew: who burns books will eventually burn men. Violence is a non- extinguishable seed. Primo Levi
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58. Structure of today’s paper 1. Museology of the Shoah: definition and classification 2. The case of Italy: up to 1989 3. The case of Italy: some recent buildings and current projects
  • 59. Andrea Bruno Project for the expansion of the Maison d'Izieu 2008
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65. Luca Zevi Museo della Memoria e dell’accoglienza Memory and Friendship Museum Nardò 2009
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69. Annalisa de Curtis and Guido Morpurgo Track 21 Memorial Milano
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 75. Scape Group MEIS - National Museum of the Italian Jews and of the Shoah Ferrara Under construction
  • 76.
  • 77. Scape Group - Paolo Mezzalama, Francesco Marinelli, Alessandro Cambi, Ludovica Di Falco
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 82.
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85.
  • 86.
  • 87.
  • 88. Conclusions Out of Israel, the Museums of the Shoah have been created so to fulfill the demand arose by modern democracies of the Western world. They are a strong part of our collective memory. They try to orient it, to shape it in pacific, democratic and reasonable terms. They serve as ramparts of Memory: in Italy, they are ramparts against the banalization and denial of the Shoah.
  • 89. Key factors in the building process • the ‘tactical scenario’, eg Italian political balance and changes • the global and European scenario • to accept the memory Shoah and transform it into the key factor in the peace-process of Europe