1. Wireless devices have become popular, allowing users to communicate without worrying about the underlying technology. However, for communication to occur, users need access to a shared control channel. 2. In wireless networks, mobile stations communicate over a shared channel, which can lead to collisions if multiple stations transmit simultaneously. Protocols are needed to determine which station can access the channel to avoid collisions. 3. Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) is a technique where the total bandwidth is divided into smaller bandwidths, each assigned to an individual user to avoid interference between simultaneous transmissions. The base station dynamically assigns different carrier frequencies to users.