Muhammad Irshad studied tunnel farming techniques used for growing cucumber under Hassan Zari Farm. There are three types of tunnels - high tunnels, medium tunnels, and low tunnels. High tunnels are 13 feet tall and 33 feet long, while medium tunnels are 9-11 feet tall and 33 feet long. Low tunnels are only 3-3.5 feet tall. The document details the materials, construction, crop management practices, and pest and disease controls used for cucumber cultivation in each tunnel type. Tunnel farming allows out-of-season production and higher yields than open-field cultivation.

2. Muhammad
Irshad
2014-UAM-
211
B.Sc.
(Hons.)
Agriculture
Department of Agronomy

3. Mian Mehtab Husain Arain

4. WORK OUTLINE
General
Introduction
• Objective
• Tunnel Farming
High Tunnel
Medium Tunnel
Low Tunnel
Soil Management
Cucumber crop
• Conclusion
• Drip
Irrigation

5. TOPIC

6. Objectives
Tunnel Management Practices
Tunnel Establishment Consultancy
Land Management
Crop protection techniques
Pest Scouting
Managment Skill
Practical & Technical Knowledge of Field Crops

7.  Hassan Zari Farm(GreenHouses)
locatedinArainWahinMailsi.
 MianMehtabisa HeadofHZF.
 He is a progressive Vegetable
FarmerAroundthemailsi.
 Hehas200acresof Cultivatedland.

8. History/Background
 Firstly, He started vegetable growing in 1999
 when he have only three acres.
 Mian Mehtab was the 1st man who take this step. He
work hard and succeeded later on he became a
owner of 200 acres.
 He completed his study in B.Sc. Statistics from
Bahaudin Zikariya University.
 Now 90 % of farmer community grows vegetable in
Arain Wahin.

9. (80 acres)1.Cucumber
(802.Melon
acres)
3. other Crops (20
acres)

11. Growing of off- season crops under controlled
environmental conditions.
supplying summer season
vegetables 30-45 days earlier.
Production exploring maximum
production potential, ending up
twice to thrice, the production and
eventually net income returns.
The environmental conditions
provided in the tunnels are
controlled viz; temperature, humidity
and sunlight.

12. Material
 Bamboo sticks
 Mulch sheet(2 gauges)
Polythene sheet(6-8-10
gauges)
 Plastic
wires(2mm) Iron
wires=tunnel use
Pipes(Diameter 0.75-2)
Iron Rods (1 sutur)
Digger
Anti-insect net
Non woven fabric(tissue)
Locking devices
Water extractor
Chisel Plough/raja cultivator
• Disc harrow
• Bed planter
• Cultivators
• Hole Maker
Laser Land Leveler

13. Material

14. Walk-in
Tunnel
Low
Tunnel
High
Tunnel

15. HIGH TUNNEL.
13 FT.
33 ft.
❖ Pipe length is 50 ft.
❖ Pipes used in one shed are 17.
❖ Price of pipe is Rs. 100-105/kg.
❖ There are 6 shed in one acre (high tunnel
❖ Each hanging net weight was 400 gram. Price is Rs 220/Net.
❖ 10 gauge of polythene sheet is used for high tunnel
❖ Total structural cost is approximately Rs.7 Lac

16. 13 ft.

17. 11ft.
33ft.
10-12ft.
13ft
9ft
Bamboo Sticks Tunnel

19. Some farmers use Non-woven fabric (tissue) net for
summer growing cucumber. It is less expensive than anti-
insect net.(Rs.50,000 )
Progressive farmers used anti-insect net for cucumber in summer
season.
Anti-Insect net have 02 different seasons(3,50,000)
March- April
September-October
Non-woven fabric (tissue)

21. Medium Tunnel
 Height Of tunnel: .7 ft.
 Width of tunnel: .11 ft.
 Pipe to pipe distance is 12 ft.
 There are 15 sheds in one acre .
 Length of a pipe is 22 ft. ( Diameter 0.75 inch)
 Total weight of a pipe=8 kg(110/kg)
 Total structural cost=2 Lac
 Polythene sheet=280kg/acre(Rs215/kg)
 There are 6 lines of crops in a 1 shed.
 6-8 gauges of polythene is used

23. Low Tunnel
 Polythene=210-220kg/acre
 Height of tunnel:.3-3.5 feet
 Width of tunnel:.3-4 feet
 One rod is one kg weigh
 Length of one rod is 10 feet
 Total sheds are 28-30/Acre Bitter guard 28/acre.
 Polythene sheet in Walk-in tunnel is 90-100 kg/acre.

25. Solarization
Cover the moist soil with polythene sheet for 40 days to increase
the temperature up to 60 to 70°C to kill the nematodes and the
seeds of weeds which are harmful for the respective crop.
Nematode problems are found in sandy soils of Pakistan.
Sorghum mixed before tasseling stage to increase Organic matter
and resist against nematodes

26. LAND PREPARATION
Two cross
cultivation
Disc
harrow
Rotaveter
Bed
Planter
Bed
shaper

28. • Two gauge of black
polythene sheet is Used.
• Rs 230/kg
• 35-40kg per acre
• No mulching in summer ?
• Benefits
• conserve moisture
• Weeds control
• Aesthetic Value

30. After covering the beds with mulch
sheet.
Make holes with the burner at the
pre-determined distance then lightly
irrigate the field.
Fill the seed in the hole for the depth
of 0.3 inch and cover the seed with
soil.
Irrigate the field at night next
morning seed is placed inside the
hole and cover with soil.
Plants = 18000/Acre(3.60/seed)
Rs-60,000

31.  Botanical Name= Cocumis sativus(14)
1). Yayla ( Yuksel) 2). 72134 ( Yuksel) 3). 9786
4). 2833 5) Magzima (Syngenta) 6) Charmaine (Syngenta)
7) YT 145 ( Yuksel) 8) Waleed 9) Saad
Parthinocarpic. Seedless variety ( no pollination required)

33. For September = 40-45 DAS.
For 15 November = 60 DAS
second week of January
Further picking two or three
day intervals.
Depending upon the nutrition
and climatic Factor

35. Packing material&
Transportation:
 Bags(50kg) and boxes(17kg) are filled with
cucumber and Loaded in trucks for
transportation.
 Cucumber is transported to Pakistan and
Afghanistan.

36. Powdery mildew
❑ temperature is high and humidity is low.
❑ Use of different fungicides for control the powdery mildew and also control
the temperature and humidity.
❑ immunity of plant giving better nutrition.
Topsin M (Thiophenate methyl) Topas (sygenta)
Damping off
Attacks nursery seedlings
Stems to shrivel and the plants to fall down.
Treat the seed with thiram and avoid over irrigation
Downy mildew:
angular, yellow spots on leaf surface.
Spots bounded by leaf veins humid weather:
black/gray fungus appears on the undersides of these spots.
❑ Acrobat (90/600 WP) (Dimethomorph 90+Mancozeb 600) @200g/100
liters of water.
Disease Control

37. Fusarium wilt
Yellowing and drying of the leaves progressively from the base upward,
Discoloration of the vascular tissue.
Use of diseased resistant cultivars and disease free seed.
crop rotation
diseased plants + disposed off.

38.  1). White fly Imedachloprid/Bifenthrine @
250ml/100 liters of water
 2). Thrips chlorfenapyr @ 100ml/100 liters of
water
 3). Mites Oberon @ pack/100 liters of water/acre
 4). Fruit fly Pheromone trap (Methyl
euginal@5ml/trap)
 5) Leaf Miner Cyromazine 40g/100 liters of water
Insects Control

39. Irrigation System in Cucumber Section
❖Simple Drip irrigation system is used in
vegetable section.
❖ tunnel grown vegetables in that system
single row of lateral feed two rows of crop

40. Components of Simple Drip Irrigation System
➢ Centrifuge pump
➢ Check valve
➢ Filter (sand medium)
➢ Fertilizer tank
➢ Main pipe lines
➢ Laterals
➢ Emitter

41. 41
Head Unit Components
o Electric power supply to the
head unit via solar
plates.
o Meshes in Water course to
filter course.
o Motor & pump.
o Foot valve.
o Delivery pipe.
o NRV.
o Air release valve.
o Safety valve.
o Venture & Fertigation Tank.
o Sand filters & Screen Filters

42. Pump & Motor

43. Filters
 It is essential to prevent clogging of lateral
opening. Clogging may be due to
❖Macro organisms
❖Suspended Material
❖Other impurities

44. Sand Filters

45. Check valve

46. Conclusion
Farmers should adopt tunnel technology for potential
yield and income.
Tunnel farming app 5-10 acres = 5 members Family =
Better Life Style
Farmers gets 3 lac of return annually/Acre
Early season yield is significantly because of low
disease infestation.

48. ❖ I would like to thank the our Worthy Vice Chancellor Prof
Dr Rao Asif Ali and Chairman of department Prof Dr
Abdul
Ghaffar for generously Provide me such opportunity to
learn about tunnel farming.
❖ No doubt Before I have no idea About it.Private company
decision is very fruitful for us.
❖ A special thanks to Supervisor Mian Mehtab Hussain
who served as an exceptional mentor for data collection.