This work is based on waste reduction by vermicomposting

1. INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND
SLUDGE MANAGEMENT BY
VERMICOMPOSTING
RESHMA R NAIR
S7 CE
GUIDED BY, ROLL NO:41
MANJU R
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
CE DEPT

2. INTRODUCTION
• Rapid population and industrial growth is causing
severe environmental degradation arising from
population problem
• The biodegradable wastes can be processed into
organic manure
• Vermitechnology can be a promising technique that
has shown its potential in certain challenging areas
like augmentation of food production, waste
recycling, management of solid wastes etc
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3. SOURCES OF WASTE
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4. KINDS OF WASTES
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WASTE
SOLID LIQUID
BIO -
DEGRADABLE
HAZARDOUS
NON
HAZARDOUS
NON
BIODEGRADABLE

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6. METHOD OF DISPOSAL
INSANITARY METHODS
1. Hog feeding
2. Dumping
SANITARY METHODS
1. Sanitary landfill/ Controlled tipping
2. Composting
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7. 3. Incineration
4. Manure pits
5. Burial
6. Biogas plant
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8. COMPOSTING –Method of combined
disposal of refuse and nightsoil or sludge.
–Organic matter breaks down under
bacterial action, producing “compost” used
as manure.
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9. THREE METHODS OF COMPOSTING
BANGALORE
METHOD
MECHANICAL
COMPOSTING
VERMICOMPOSTING
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10. VERMICOMPOSTING
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11. 2-3 MONTHS
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12. • Vermicomposting is a biotechnological process in
which earthworms are employed to convert the organic
wastes into humus
• Certain earthworm species are capable of consuming a
wide range of organic wastes from sewage sludge,
animal wastes, agricultural residues,domestic wastes,
to industrial wastes
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13. WASTE DEGRADATION
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WITH N,P,K,Ca
Digestion in
presence of
enzymes
Degrade
proteinaceous
materials

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17. • The success of vermicomposting process depends on
number of abiotic and biotic factors.
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ABIOTIC BBIOTIC
PH
TEMPERATURE
MOISTURE
CONTENT
AERATION
C:N RATIO
FEED
QUALITY
LIGHT
ENZYME
MICROORGANISMS
EARTHWORMS STOCKING
DENSITY

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19. ADVANTAGE
The transformation of organic wastes into vermicompost
is of double interest
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waste is converted into value
added product
controls solid
waste pollution
can be done at any scale

20. • Areas where can be used:;
 Sugar industry waste
 Food industry waste
 Paper-pulp industry waste
 Textile industry waste
 Distillery industry waste
 Winery and Beverage industry waste
 Tanning industry waste
 Dairy industry sludge
 Thermal power plants waste (fly ash) etc
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21. EFFECT ON INDUSTRIAL WASTES
&
ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF PLANTS
• If vermicomposts are integrated in nutrient management in
agricultural fields, the costs of food produced by farmers
practicing sustainable agriculture may be reduced
significantly
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22. • Vermicompost (metabolic products of earthworms
feeding on organic wastes) is proving to be highly
nutritive ‘organic fertilizer’ and a ‘miracle growth
promoter rich in NKP (nitrogen 2–3%, potassium
1.85–2.25% and phosphorus 1.55–2.25%),
micronutrients, beneficial soil microbes and also
contain ‘plant growth hormones and enzymes
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23. SOURCE OF VERMICOMPOST
o Animal dung
o Agricultural wastes
o Waste paper and cotton cloth
o Forestry wastes
o City leaf litter
o Biogas slurry
o City refuse
o Industrial waste
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24. PRECAUTIONS
• Should be protected from direct sunlight
• Worms should be protected from ants,rats and birds
• Vermibeds are covered with a jute mat or banana
leaves to protect from birds
• Water is sprinkled on vermibeds to keep them moist
• The waste is turned upside down fornightly without
disturbing the basal layer
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25. CONCLUSION
• Earthworms are helpful in industrial waste recycling
transform industrial wastes into valuable products
• Vermicomposts produced from wastes could be applied
to crops as a source of plant nutrients
• Still there are gaps in vermicomposting research as most
of the studies have been conducted under controlled
conditions at laboratory scale
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26. REFERENCE
• Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol (2011) 10:243–276
DOI 10.1007/s11157-011-9242-y
Industrial waste management by vermicomposting
Anoop Yadav V. K. Garg
• Aira M, Monroy F, Domı′nguez J, Mato S (2002) How
earthworm density affects microbial biomass and activity
in pig manure. Eur J Soil Biol 38:7–10CrossRefGoogle
Scholar
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27. • Banu JR, Esakkiraj S, Nagendran R, Logakanthi S
(2005) Biomanagement of petrochemical sludge using
an exotic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. J Environ Biol
26:43–47Google Scholar
• Banu JR, Logakanthi S, Vijayalakshmi GS (2001)
Biomanagement of paper mill sludge using an
indigenous (Lampito mauritii) and two exotic (Eudrilus
eugineae and Eisenia foetida) earthworms. J. Environ
Biol 22(3):181–185Google Scholar
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