The document discusses various factors that can influence motivation and engagement in learning, including lack of relationships, helplessness, threats, drug use, and irrelevant tasks. It provides strategies for teachers to activate students' natural curiosity, link lessons to students' lives, choose goals, provide feedback and choice, and establish a supportive learning environment to develop intrinsic motivation. Finally, it notes that the brain's internal states change based on our experiences and interactions, and these states guide our decisions and behaviors.

2. Arousal : suggests orientation toward a goal Drive: caring enough to do something about achieving the goal

3. * lack of positive relationship * learned helplessness * awareness of disrespect toward one’s culture or ethnicity * perception of threats * brain anomalies * drug use * perception that class assignments or tasks are irrelevant.

4. induce pleasure increase the frequency of goal-seaking behaviours maintain learned behaviours increase social behaviours reinforce existing learning increase the success rate of new learning

5. *Use rewards judiciously *Use low-cost, concrete rewards *Use abstract rewards *Avoid going “cold turkey” *Begin to develop intrinsic motivation *Step up the abstract rewards

6. Activate their natural curiosity to learn Link contents to their lives Ask learners how they feel about a project Organize a good environment

7. Students should have a process model to follow or a strong end goal Working tools are needed Provide encouragement but not direct reward Students should choose, little or big things Provide a variety of relevant experiences Increase feedback to the learners

8. All external behaviours have a relationship with brain’s internal processes Millions of neurons cooperate to form complex systems that represent what is called “states” States change as our sensations,feelings and thoughts They combine our emotional, cognitive and physical interactions to allow us to make decisions The states are always changing

9. Choose the target state for your audience Read present states Plan your strategy (who,how,when) Create a back-up plan Set up the state change Begin the change of state Monitor and adjust during the process

10. Eliminate threat Set daily goals that incorporate some students choice Work to have a positive influence Manage students emotions and teach them to do it too Provide relevant curriculum and coherent activities Give feedback

11. “ How can I motivate students?” “ In what ways is the brain naturally motivated from within?” Rewards are natural to the brain States rule our motivations and behaviours Start with meaningful appropriate curriculum Add learner choice and positive social groupings Create the challenge and build a supportive environment

12. Thank you!! Blanca and Mariela September 12, 2011