This is a ppt on motion for class 9 studying students, hope you like it. If you have any questions message me on http;//sh.st/PVqfi
Regards
Mridul Verma
Innocent Hearts School
motion lesson into simple teIn physics, motion is the phenomenon in which an object changes its position over time. Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, speed, and time. ... As there is no absolute frame of reference, absolute motion cannot be determined.rms and equation sums
this project is basically based "motion", the way it's directly or indirectly linked to us. Viewing this power point presentation will enable you to study as a whole in descriptive way.In physics, motion is a change in position of an object with respect to time. Motion is typically described in terms of displacement, distance (scalar), velocity, acceleration, time and speed.Motion of a body is observed by attaching a frame of reference to an observer and measuring the change in position of the body relative to that frame n If the position of a body is not changing with the time with respect to a given frame of reference the body is said to be at rest, motionless, immobile, stationary, or to have constant (time-invariant) position. An object's motion cannot change unless it is acted upon by a force, as described by Newton's first law. Momentum is a quantity which is used for measuring motion of an object. An object's momentum is directly related to the object's mass and velocity, and the total momentum of all objects in an isolated system (one not affected by external forces) does not change with time, as described by the law of conservation of momentum.
Hope you will like it and feedbacks are welcomed.
This is a ppt on motion for class 9 studying students, hope you like it. If you have any questions message me on http;//sh.st/PVqfi
Regards
Mridul Verma
Innocent Hearts School
motion lesson into simple teIn physics, motion is the phenomenon in which an object changes its position over time. Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, speed, and time. ... As there is no absolute frame of reference, absolute motion cannot be determined.rms and equation sums
this project is basically based "motion", the way it's directly or indirectly linked to us. Viewing this power point presentation will enable you to study as a whole in descriptive way.In physics, motion is a change in position of an object with respect to time. Motion is typically described in terms of displacement, distance (scalar), velocity, acceleration, time and speed.Motion of a body is observed by attaching a frame of reference to an observer and measuring the change in position of the body relative to that frame n If the position of a body is not changing with the time with respect to a given frame of reference the body is said to be at rest, motionless, immobile, stationary, or to have constant (time-invariant) position. An object's motion cannot change unless it is acted upon by a force, as described by Newton's first law. Momentum is a quantity which is used for measuring motion of an object. An object's momentum is directly related to the object's mass and velocity, and the total momentum of all objects in an isolated system (one not affected by external forces) does not change with time, as described by the law of conservation of momentum.
Hope you will like it and feedbacks are welcomed.
CBSE Class 9&10th Sample eBook , which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
CBSE Class 9th Sample eBook, which helps you to understand the chapter in easy way also downaload sample papers and previous year papers and practice to solve the question on time. Download at www.misostudy.com.
This PPT is based on Physics on Chapter Motion. In this you will find every thing of that chapter with great images. in this PPT their are many animation and images .
thank you
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
4. 1) Describing motion :-
i) Motion :- is the change in position of a body with time.
Motion can be described in terms of the distance moved or the
displacement.
ii) Distance moved :- is the actual length of the path travelled by
a
body.
iii) Displacement :- is the length of the shortest path travelled by
a
body from its initial position to its final position.
E.g. If a body starts moving in a straight line from origin O
and
moves through C and B and reaches A and then moves back
and
reaches C through B, then
Distance travelled = 60 + 35 = 95 km
Displacement = 25 km
O C B
5. 2) Uniform motion and Non uniform
motion :-i) Uniform motion :- If a body travels equal distances in equal
intervals of
time, it is said to be in uniform motion.
ii) Non uniform motion :- If a body travels unequal distances in equal
intervals of time, it is said to be in non uniform motion.
iii) Speed :- of a body is the distance travelled by the body in unit time.
Distance
Speed = ------------
Time
If a body travels a distance s in time t then its speed v is
s
v = ---
t
The SI unit of speed is meter per second m/s or ms -1
Since speed has only magnitude it is a scalar quantity.
iv) Average speed :- is the ratio of the total distance travelled to the
total time
taken.
Total distance travelled
Average speed = --------------------------------
6. 3) Speed with direction :-
The rate of motion of a body is more meaningful if we specify its
direction of motion along with speed. The quantity which specifies both the
direction of motion and speed is velocity.
i) Velocity :- of a body is the displacement of the body per unit time.
Displacement
Velocity = ------------------
Time taken
Since velocity has both magnitude and direction, it is a vector
quantity.
ii) Average velocity :- is the ratio of the total displacement to the total
time taken.
Total displacement
Average velocity = --------------------------
Total time taken
Average velocity is also the mean of the initial velocity u and final
velocity v.
Initial velocity + Final velocity u
+ v
Average velocity = ---------------------------------------- v =
7. 4) Rate of change of velocity :-
During uniform motion of a body in a straight line the velocity
remains constant with time. In this case the change in velocity at any
time interval is zero ( no change in velocity).
During non uniform motion the velocity changes with time. In this
case the change in velocity at any time interval is not zero. It may be
positive (+ ve) or negative (- ve).
The quantity which specifies changes in velocity is acceleration.
Acceleration :- is the change in velocity of a body per unit time.( or the
rate of change of velocity.)
Change in velocity
Acceleration = -------------------------
Time
If the velocity of a body changes from initial value u to final value v in
time t,
then acceleration a is
v - u
a = --------
t
The SI unit of acceleration is ms - 2
Uniform acceleration :- If the change in velocity is equal in equal
intervals of time it is uniform acceleration.
Non uniform acceleration :- If the change in velocity is unequal in
equal intervals of time it is non uniform acceleration.
8. 5) Graphical representation of motion :-
a) Distance – Time graphs :-
The change in the position of a body with time can be represented on the distance
time graph. In this graph distance is taken on the y – axis and time is taken on the x
– axis.
i) The distance time graph for uniform speed is a straight line ( linear ). This is
because in uniform speed a body travels equal distances in equal intervals of time.
We can determine the speed of the body from the distance – time graph.
For the speed of the body between the points A and B, distance is (s 2 – s1) and
time is (t2 – t1).
s (s2 – s1)
v = ---- v = -----------
t (t2 – t1)
20 – 10 10
= --------- = ----
10 – 5 5
= 2 ms -1
A
B
10
20
30
t1 t2
s1
s2
C
Time (s)
Distance(m)
X
Y
5 10 15 20
Distance – time graph for a body moving with uniform speed
0
9. ii) The distance – time graph for non uniform motion is non
linear. This is because in non uniform speed a body travels
unequal distances in equal intervals of time.
20
40
Time (s)
Distance(m)
X
10
30
50 10 15 20
Distance – time graph for a body moving with non uniform speed
Y
10. b) Velocity – time graphs :-
The change in the velocity of a body with time can be represented on the velocity
time graph. In this graph velocity is taken on the y – axis and time is taken on the x
– axis.
i) If a body moves with uniform velocity, the graph will be a straight line parallel
to the x – axis . This is because the velocity does not change with time.
To determine the distance travelled by the body between the points A and B
with velocity 20 km h-1
s
v = ---
t
s = v x t
v = 20 km h-1
= AC or BD
t = t2 – t1 = DC
= AC (t2 – t1)
s = AC X CD
s = area of the rectangle ABDC
20
40
Time (s)
Velocity(kmh-1
)
X
10
30
50 10 15 20
t1 t2
A B
C D
Velocity – time graph for a body moving with uniform velocity
Y
11. ii) If a body whose velocity is increasing with time, the graph is a straight line
having an increasing slope. This is because the velocity increases by equal amounts
with equal intervals of time.
The area under the velocity – time graph is the distance (magnitude of
displacement) of the body.
The distance travelled by a body between the points A and E is the area ABCDE
under the velocity – time graph.
s = area ABCDE
= area of rectangle ABCD
+ area of triangle ADE
1
s = AB X BC + --- ( AD X DE )
2
A
B
10
20
30
t1 t2 C
Time (s)
Velocity(ms-1
)
X
Y
10 20 30 40
Velocity – time graph for a body moving with uniform acceleration
D
E
0
12. iii) If a body whose velocity is decreasing with time, the graph is a straight
line having an decreasing slope. This is because the velocity decreases by
equal amounts with equal intervals of time.
iv) If a body whose velocity is non uniform, the graph shows different
variations. This is because the velocity changes by unequal amounts in
equal intervals of time.
20
40
Time (s)
Velocity(ms-1
)
X
10
30
50 10 15 20
20
40
Time (s)
Velocity(ms-1
)
X
10
30
50 10 15 20
Velocity – time graph for a uniformly
decelerated motion
Velocity – time graph for
non uniform acceleration
Y Y
13. 6) Equations of motions by graphical method :-
The motion of a body moving with uniform acceleration can be
described with the help of three equations called equations of
motion.
The equations of motion are :-
i) v = u + at
ii) s = ut + ½ at2
iii) 2as = v2
– u2
where u - is the initial velocity
v - is the final velocity
a - is acceleration
t - is the time
s - is the distance traveled
14. a) Equation for velocity – time relation ( v = u
+ at ) :-
Consider a velocity – time graph for a body moving with
uniform acceleration ‘a’. The initial velocity is u at A and
final velocity is v at B in time t.
Perpendicular lines BC and BE are drawn from point B to
the time and velocity axes so that the initial velocity is OA
and final velocity is BC and time interval is OC. Draw AD
parallel to OC.
We observe that
BC = BD + DC = BD + OA
Substituting BC = v and OA = u
We get v = BD + u
or BD = v - u
Change in velocity
Acceleration = -------------------------------------
Time
BD BD v - u
a = ----- = ---------- or a = ---------
AD OC t
v – u = at or v = u + at
Time (s)
Velocity(ms-1
)
XO
Velocity – time graph for a uniformly
accelerated motion
Y
t
u
v
A
B
C
D
E
15. b) Equation for position – time relation (s = ut
+ ½ at2
) :-
Consider a velocity – time graph for a body moving with
uniform acceleration ‘a’ travelled a distance s in time t.
The distance traveled by the body between the points A
and B is the area OABC.
s = area OABC ( which is a trapezium )
= area of rectangle OABC + area of triangle ABD
1
= OA X OC + --- ( AD X BD )
2
Substituting OA = u, OC = AD = t,
BD = v – u = at
We get
1
s = u x t + -- ( t x at )
2
or s = ut + ½ at2
Time (s)
Velocity(ms-1
)
O
Velocity – time graph for a uniformly
accelerated motion
t
u
v
A
B
C
D
E
16. c) Equation for position – velocity relation (2as = v2
–u2
) :-
Consider a velocity – time graph for a body moving with uniform acceleration
‘a’ travelled a distance s in time t.
The distance travelled by the body between the points A and B is the area
OABC.
s = area of trapezium OABC
(OA + BC) X OC
s = ----------------------
2
Substituting OA = u, BC = v and OC = t
( u + v ) X t
We get s = -----------------
2
From velocity – time relation
( v – u )
t = -----------
a
( v + u ) X ( v – u )
s = ----------------------- or 2as = v2
– u 2
2a
Time (s)
Velocity(ms-1
)
O
Velocity – time graph for a uniformly
accelerated motion
t
u
v
A
B
C
D
E
17. 7) Circular motion :-
The motion of a body in a circular path is called circular motion.
Uniform circular motion :- If a body moves in a circular path with
uniform speed, its motion is called uniform circular motion.
Uniform circular motion is accelerated motion because in a circular motion a
body continuously changes its direction.
The circumference of a circle of radius r is given by 2лr. If a body takes time t
to go once around the circular path, then the velocity v is given by
2лr
v = ----
t