The document contains examples and exercises on morphology from different languages. It covers topics like [1] estimating vocabulary size and identifying morphemes in English words, [2] rules of noun formation and verb conjugation in languages like Zulu, Dutch, and Swahili, [3] examples of morphological processes like reduplication in Samoan, and [4] distinguishing real words from non-words. The exercises aim to build skills in morphological analysis across multiple languages.

1. Morphology
(Solved Exercises)
Jahanzeb Jahan (MS-AL)
100784-006
Ex. 1:
1. Estimation of the words in the mental lexicon:
a. Number of entries on a typical page of dictionary = 37
b. Multiply this number with pages of dictionary = 37 x 1780= 65860
c. 4 random pages of dictionary and total words = 97
d. How many I know out of them = 47
e. Total percentage = Almost 50 %
f. Multiplying the percentage with all pages = 30, 000 almost
2. Making a separation between morphemes with +:
a. Retroactive re + tro + active
b. Befriended be + friend + ed
c. Televise tele + vise
d. Margin
e. Endearment en + dear + ment
f. Psychology psycho + logy
g. Unpalatable un + palat + able
h. Holiday holi + day
i. Grandmother grand + mother
j. Morphemic morphe + mic
k. Cursive
l. Wollongong
m. mistreatment mis + treat + meant
n. saltpetre salt + petre
o. airsickness air + sick + ness
3. Matching columns:
a. noisy crow Phrase containing adjective + noun
b. eat crow idiom
c. scarecrow compound noun

2. d. the crow grammatical morpheme followed by lexical
e. crowlike root morpheme + derivational suffix
f. crows root morpheme + inflectional affix
4. Matching columns:
a. terrorized inflectional suffix
b. uncivilized derivational infix
c. terrorize derivational suffix
d. lukewarm derivational prefix
5. (a) Considering words in Zulu:
a. What is morpheme meaning ‘singular’ in Zulu? = um
b. What is morpheme meaning ‘plural’ in Zulu? = aba
c. List of the Zulu stems and their meanings:
(i). Fazi Married Woman
(ii) Fani Boy
(iii). Zali Parent
(iv). Fundisi Teacher
(v). Bazi Carver
(vi). Limi Farmer
(vii). Dlali Player
(viii). Fundi Reader
(b). Derivational suffix morpheme making a verb of Zulu: ‘a’
(c). Nominal suffix morpheme that forms a noun: ‘i’
(d). Morphological noun formation rule in Zulu:
um + noun + I (Singular) aba + noun + I (Plural)
6. Words from Michoacan Aztec:
a. The morpheme meaning ‘house’ in: ‘kali’
b. The morpheme meaning ‘cornfields’ is: ‘wahmili’
c. The word meaning ‘his dogs’ is: ‘ipelomes’
d. If the word meaning ‘friend’ in this language is mahkwa, then the
word meaning ‘my friends’ is? ‘nomahkwames’

3. e. The word meaning ‘dog’ in this language is: ‘pelo’
7. Infinitive and past participles found in Dutch:
a. Forming an infinitive in Dutch: verb + en (wandelen) ‘walk’
b. Forming a Dutch past participle: ge + verb + d (gewandeld) ‘walked’
8. Pullet Surprises and reasons:
a. Stalemate = Husband wife no longer interested
(Stale + Mate, stale means ‘not fresh’ and mate means
‘friends’ so such a friendship or relation that doesn’t
remain interested or fresh)
b. Effusive = Able to be merged
(Ef + Fuse, Ef is prefix that means thoroughly and Fuse
means mixture or blend, so something that has ability to
be merged)
c. Tenet = A group of ten singers
(Ten + et, ten means quantity and et/ete, a suffix, is used
to denote people, i.e athelete, so its group of ten people)
d. Dermatology= A study of derms
(Dermat + ology, derma or dermis means skin and –
ology means study, so its its study)
e. Ingenious = Not very smart
(In + genious, in gives negative meanings i.e inanimate,
incapable etc, so they took is as a person not very
genious)
f. Finesse = A female fish
(Fin + ess, fin means the arms/wings of a fish and –ess in
used to make feminine of a noun)
9. Ten Acronyms:
a. LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
b. AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
c. UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization
d. NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
e. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
f. NIPA National Institute of Pension Administrators

4. g. NAM Non-Allied Movement
h. NUML National University of Modern Languages
i. CIDA Canadian International Development Agency
j. LUMS Lahore University of Management and Sciences.
B. Ten Acronyms of My Own:
a. AMNA A Member of National Assembly
b. FINE Fawad’s International News and Entertainment
c. PINO Pakistan and India Narcotics Organization
d. AIL An Introduction to Language
e. NAM Nazeer Ahmed Malik
f. RIA Rana Imran Ali
g. FIC First Information Cell
h. POP Petroleum of Pakistan
i. CUTE Central University of Technology
10. Swahili (Identification of Morphemes)
a. –toto = child
b. -atoto = children
c. –fika = arrived
d. m- = noun prefix attached with singular
e. a- = prefix attached to verb when subject is singular noun
f. w- = prefix attached to noun with plural
g. wam- = prefix attached to verb when subject is plural noun
h. wan- = prefix attached to verb in continuous tense when subject is
plural noun
i. wat- = prefix attached to verb in future tense
j. –tu = man
k. –lala = slept
l. –isu = knife
m. –anguka= fallen
n. k- = prefix added with singular noun
o. v- = prefix added with plural noun
p. kime- = prefix attached to verb when subject is singular
q. kina- = prefix attached to verb in continuous tense
r. kita- = prefix attached to verb in future tense
s. vime- = prefix attached to verb when subject is plural noun

5. t. vina- = prefix attached to verb in continuous tense when subject is
plural noun
u. vita- = prefix attached to a verb in future tense
v. –kapu = basket
w. Ki- = prefix added with singular noun
11. Morphological Process of Reduplication in Samon:
a. What is Samon for following?
a. They weave = lagagao
b. They travel = savavali
c. He sings = pese
b. Morphological rule for making plural verb from singular one:
‘laga’ is singular verb which means ‘weave’, while making a plural verb
of it, we have to double the infix. For example la + ga + o, central infix
‘ga’ will be doubled.
12. Words & Non-Words
Non- Words Words
a. Descript nondescript
b. Cognito incognito
c. Beknownst unbeknownst
d. Peccable Impeccable
e. Promptu impromptu
f. Plussed nonplussed
g. Dominatable indominatable
h. Nomer innomer