The document discusses molecular markers of innate immunity and inflammation and their role in therapeutic intervention. It covers topics such as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogens and damage signals; classes of PRRs including Toll-like receptors; the signaling pathways of TLRs and their role in cancer and neurodegeneration. It also discusses the transcription factor NF-kB and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL-1, IL-6 that are involved in the inflammatory response. Specific conditions like meningococcal meningitis and gout are mentioned where blocking these cytokines has shown therapeutic potential.
VHIR Seminar led by Gerrit Borchard, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Geneva, University of Lausanne Biopharmaceutical Sciences Geneva Switzerland.
Abstract: In order to enhance the efficacy of vaccines, antigen and adjuvants are combined in particulate carrier systems resembling pathogens in size, shape and surface properties. These novelnano- and microcarriervaccines strategies, using DNA or subunit vaccines as antigens and specific ligands of receptors of the innate immune system,offer several advantages, such as enhanced immune recognition, direction of immune response bias, and enhancement of vaccine stability. We are focusing on eliciting protective immune responses against M. tuberculosis, a pathogen transmitted through inhalation, bydeveloping vaccine delivery systems composed of different materialsand administered by the mucosal route.
VHIR Seminar led by Gerrit Borchard, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Geneva, University of Lausanne Biopharmaceutical Sciences Geneva Switzerland.
Abstract: In order to enhance the efficacy of vaccines, antigen and adjuvants are combined in particulate carrier systems resembling pathogens in size, shape and surface properties. These novelnano- and microcarriervaccines strategies, using DNA or subunit vaccines as antigens and specific ligands of receptors of the innate immune system,offer several advantages, such as enhanced immune recognition, direction of immune response bias, and enhancement of vaccine stability. We are focusing on eliciting protective immune responses against M. tuberculosis, a pathogen transmitted through inhalation, bydeveloping vaccine delivery systems composed of different materialsand administered by the mucosal route.
Inflammasomes: Guardian Angels of the bodyVarij Nayan
"Generally speaking, the inflammasome depends on the assembly of a sensor(e.g. NLRP), with an adaptor, ASC (apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD), allowing the recruitment and activation of an inflammatory caspase, Caspase-1"
Toll-like Receptors in Inflammation: Host Defense Webinar Series Part 2QIAGEN
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been implicated in both innate and adaptive immunity-induced inflammation, thereby playing critical roles in providing the host with short- and long-term protection against infections. This slidedeck provides an overview of the roles that TLRs play in the regulation of inflammation and solutions for studying these roles. An overview of TLR-mediated inflammation, the key signaling players involved in TLR-mediated inflammation, and the contribution of TLR-mediated inflammation to various physiological processes are also presented.
“Estrogen-mediated TLR8 expression via STAT1 facilitates endogenous miRokine ...Nicholas Young
My talk at The Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) annual meeting June 24-27, 2015 in San Diego, CA: “Estrogen-mediated TLR8 expression via STAT1 facilitates endogenous miRokine ligand activation by exosomes containing miR-21: a novel innate inflammatory pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus”. Presented during the "Best in Rheumatology 2015" conference session. Recipient of a second consecutive travel award given to selected abstracts to attend this conference.
Physiological mechanisms in regulating insect immunityHemlata
Immunity(derived from Latin term immunis, meaning
exempt),
Immunity refers to reactions by an animal body to foreign substances such as microbes and various macro molecules.
( Abbas et al.,1991)
Immune system- A collection of cells and molecules that protect the body against infection, malignancy and damaged cells. ( Abbas et al., 1991)
How to create powerful affirmations to achieve success. Learn the What, Why, and How of creating affirmations. Learn 5 tips for powerful affirmations. See lots of sample affirmations.
Inflammasomes: Guardian Angels of the bodyVarij Nayan
"Generally speaking, the inflammasome depends on the assembly of a sensor(e.g. NLRP), with an adaptor, ASC (apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD), allowing the recruitment and activation of an inflammatory caspase, Caspase-1"
Toll-like Receptors in Inflammation: Host Defense Webinar Series Part 2QIAGEN
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been implicated in both innate and adaptive immunity-induced inflammation, thereby playing critical roles in providing the host with short- and long-term protection against infections. This slidedeck provides an overview of the roles that TLRs play in the regulation of inflammation and solutions for studying these roles. An overview of TLR-mediated inflammation, the key signaling players involved in TLR-mediated inflammation, and the contribution of TLR-mediated inflammation to various physiological processes are also presented.
“Estrogen-mediated TLR8 expression via STAT1 facilitates endogenous miRokine ...Nicholas Young
My talk at The Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) annual meeting June 24-27, 2015 in San Diego, CA: “Estrogen-mediated TLR8 expression via STAT1 facilitates endogenous miRokine ligand activation by exosomes containing miR-21: a novel innate inflammatory pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus”. Presented during the "Best in Rheumatology 2015" conference session. Recipient of a second consecutive travel award given to selected abstracts to attend this conference.
Physiological mechanisms in regulating insect immunityHemlata
Immunity(derived from Latin term immunis, meaning
exempt),
Immunity refers to reactions by an animal body to foreign substances such as microbes and various macro molecules.
( Abbas et al.,1991)
Immune system- A collection of cells and molecules that protect the body against infection, malignancy and damaged cells. ( Abbas et al., 1991)
How to create powerful affirmations to achieve success. Learn the What, Why, and How of creating affirmations. Learn 5 tips for powerful affirmations. See lots of sample affirmations.
Role of notch signalling in deveopment, cancer development and its detailed cancer cell line study for purpose of detailed targetted molecular therapeutics
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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1. Molecular markers of innate immunity and
inflammation in therapeutic intervention
by : Mahdi zarei
M.Sc. Student ,clinical
biochemistry
Ferdowsi university of mashhad
2. innate immune system& Inflammation response
The innate immune system utilizes a variety of
transmembrane or secreted pattern-recognition receptors
(PRRs), which are vital for activation of complement and
coagulation
cascades,opsonization, phagocytosis, apoptosis and
induction of proinflammatory mediators. (Sylvia
Adams,2009)
A typical inflammatory response consists of four
components: inflammatory inducers, the sensors that
detect them, the inflammatory mediators induced by the
sensors, and the target tissues that are affected by the
inflammatory mediators.( ruslan,2010)
4. PAMPs , DAMPs(inducers) and PRRs(sensors)
Germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are responsible
for sensing the presence of PAMPs & DAMPs.
PAMPs : structures conserved among microbial species, which are called
pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
DAMPs : endogenous molecules released from damaged cells, termed
damage-associated molecular patterns.(osamu ,2010)
5. Classes of PRRs
four different classes of PRR families have
been identified :
Toll-like receptors(TLRs)
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs)
NOD-like receptors (NLRs).
6. Toll like receptor
In the late 90’s a protein was discovered in Drosophila named as
Toll. Toll is a transmembrane receptor that is required for the
establishment of proper dorso-ventral polarity during embryo
formation in Drosophila.(Hashimoto et al., 1988)
Toll is responsible for the production of Drosomycin, antifungal
peptide .(Lemaitre et al., 1996).
Toll homologues in mammals as well were revealed known as Toll
like receptors (TLRs).
TLRs recognise PAMPs of diverse origin from bacteria, virus, fungi,
protozoa and others. TLRs can also sense the molecules that are
generated within the host cells alarming a sort of danger signal like
heat shock proteins (Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90), fibrinogen, surfactant
protein A, heparin sulphate and others.
7. TLR signaling pathway
1) MYD88-dependent pathway:MyD88 dependent
signalling pathway is found to be central to all TLRs except
TLR3.
2) TRIF-dependent pathway(MYD88-
independent):TLR3 and TLR4 activate TRIF-dependent
signaling, which activates NF-kB and IRF3 resulting in the
induction of proinflammatory cytokine genes and type I IFNs.
10. TLRs in cancer and anti-cancer immunotherapy
The TLR3 has been shown to be receptor for viral dsRNA, and also
seems to be potentially promising in anti-cancer therapy. Reports
have shown that cancer cells themselves express TLR3 in vivo and
agonist ploy (I:C) is activating the signalling pathway leading to the
anticancer effects (O'Neill et al., 2011)
TLR agonists can induce differentiation, proliferation or activation of
Treg cells. Several TLR agonists such as Streptococcal agent OK-
432, double stranded RNA and CpG DNA have anti-tumour activity
(Chen & Oppenheim, 2009).
Treg cells express TLR4, 5, 7 and 8 in mice. It has been reported that
transfer of Treg cells enhanced tumour growth in mice but it was
reversed upon stimulation of Treg cells with a TLR8 ligand.
Administration of LPS also abrogates Treg activity reveals latent anti-
12. TLRs in neurodegeneration
TLR signaling pathways are a potential therapeutic target in
AD(Alzheimer’s disease) ; however more work remains to
delineate the complex interaction of TLRs in Aβ deposition and
clearance and its precise role in AD development. (Okun et
al., 2009)
Although TLRs often recognize pathogen associated molecular
patterns and protect the body from invasion of microbial
pathogens, the expression of TLRs within multiple sclerosis
suggests novel roles for these receptors in mediating neurological
disease and hence can be used as a biomarker of the
neurodegenerative disorders (Okun et al., 2009).
Moreover, it is important to determine the precise role of distinct
TLRs in Aβ recognition and clearance, and the activation of glial
13. nuclear factor kB (NF-kB)
NF-ĸB is a transcription factor that controls the expression of genes
involved in inflammation, immunity and apoptosis.
About 100 genes are under the transcriptional control of NF-ĸB.
NF-ĸB is an evolutionary conserved protein having five members in
mammals- p50,p52, RelA/p65, RelB and RelC.
All these function either as homodimer or heterodimer for e.g. p50
homodimer and p50/p65 heterodimer.
15. NF-κB and cancer therapy
NF-kB regulates the expression of genes involved in many
processes that play a key role in the development and progression of
cancer such as proliferation, migration and apoptosis.
constitutive NF-kB activation has been detected in many human
malignancies.
some anti-inflammatory drugs may inhibit NF-kB by interfering with
IKK activity.
Other substances such as curcumin, trans-resveratrol or
parthenolide are natural compounds that have been demonstrated to
inhibit IKK activity
Another way to approach NF-kB inhibition is to target the process of
proteasome degradation. Proteasome inhibitors prevent NF-kB
20. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF) as therapeutic target
In patients with meningococcal meningitis serum levels of TNF-α have
been shown to correlate with mortality(Arditi,1990) , but other authors have
failed to show significant increases in TNF-α in septic
patients(Casey,1993).
In a rodent model, mortality after an injection of endotoxin was signifantly
decreased by pre-treatment with TNF-a antibodies.(Beutler,1987)
the antibody approach has produced little evidence of benefit in man
although improvements in the haemodynamics of patients have been
observed.(Exley,1990)
The use of recombinant soluble TNF-a receptors has been shown to
improve survival in mice, (Bertini,1993) but at present there have been no
similar results in man.
So far the use of TNF-a or its soluble receptors has not proved to be useful
as a diagnostic marker.(Giannoudis,2004)
22. Interleukin-1 as terapiotic target
Elevated local or systemic IL-1β has been linked to a number of human
hereditary or acquired diseases, and antagonists of IL-1β or its receptor are
proving successful treatments for a number of these diseases.(Kate,2010)
Clinical trials are currently assessing efficacy of Anakinra and next-generation
IL-1β inhibitors for a wider range of diseases, including cryopyrin-associated
periodic syndromes (CAPS), gout, and type II diabetes (T2D).
(Hoffman,2009,…)
Gout is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by severe joint
inflammation, resulting in arthropathy and considerable pain. Gout is strongly
associated with metabolic disturbances leading to elevated blood uric acid
levels (hyperuricemia) and the deposition of MSU crystals in joints. (Talbott,
1940)
MSU is a potent activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro, and MSU-
dependent neutrophil recruitment is dependent on the ASC adaptor, caspase-1,
and IL-1R in vivo. (Martinon et al., 2006)
23. refrences
1. Arroyo, S.D., Soria, A.J., Gaviglio, A.E., Rodriguez-Galan, C.M., Iribarren,P. (2011) Toll-like
receptors are key players in neurodegeneration. Inter. Immunopharmacology, Vol.11, pp. 1415–
1421.
2. Chen, X. & Oppenheim, J.J. (2009). Regulatory T cells, Th17 cells, and TLRs: Crucial role in
Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Cancer. Pathways, 888.503.3187, Issue 10.
3. Hashimoto, C.; Hudson, K. L. & Anderson, K. V. (1988). The Tollgene of Drosophila, required for
dorsal–ventral embryonic polarity, appears to encode a transmembrane protein. Cell, Vol.52, pp.
269–279.
4. Hoffman, H.M. (2009). Rilonacept for the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes
(CAPS). Expert Opin. Biol. Ther.9, 519–531.
5. Kate Schroder, Jurg Tschopp. (2010).The Inflammasomes. DOI 10.1016/j.cell. 01.040
6. Lemaitre, B.; Nicolas, E., Michaut, L., Reichhart, J.M. & Hoffmann, J. A. (1996).The dorsoventral
regulatory gene cassette spatzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila
adults. Cell, Vol.86, pp. 973–983.
7. Martinon, F., Mayor, A., and Tschopp, J. (2009). The inflammasomes: guard-ians of the body. Annu.
Rev. Immunol. 27, 229–265.
24. refrences
9. Osamu Takeuchi, Shizuo Akira. (2010). Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation. DOI
10.1016/j.cell. 01.022
10. Okun, E., Griffioen, J.K., Lathia, D.J., Tang, S., Mattson, P.M., Arumugam, V.T. (2009 ). Toll like
receptors in Neurodegenration, Brain Res. Rev. Vol. 59, pp. 278–292.
11. P.V. Giannoudis, F.Hildebrand, H. C. Pape. (2004). Inflammatory serum markers in patients with
multiple trauma. British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery. VOL. 86-B, No. 3, APRIL
12. Ruslan Medzhitov. (2010). New Adventures of an Old Flame. DOI 10.1016/j.cell.03.006
13. Sabine Olivier, Pierre Robe, Vincent Bours. (2006) .Can NF-kB be a target for novel and efficient
anti-cancer agents. biochemical pharmacology 72 ,1054–1068
14. Sylvia Adams. Toll-like receptor agonists in cancer therapy. Immunotherapy. 2009 November 1;
1(6): 949–964. doi:10.2217/imt.09.70
15. Talbott, J.H. (1940). Serum urate in relatives of gouty patients. J. Clin. Invest.19, 645–648.
16. Terkeltaub, R., Sundy, J.S., Schumacher,et al . . (2009). The interleukin 1 inhib-itor rilonacept in
treatment of chronic gouty arthritis: results of a placebo-controlled, monosequence crossover, non-
randomised, single-blind pilotvstudy. Ann. Rheum. Dis.68, 1613–1617
17. Xavier Dolcet,David Llobet,Judit Pallares,Xavier Matias-Guiu. NF-kB in development and