Here are the key points about functionalism:
- It views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.
- It focuses on how social institutions like the family, education system, religion serve functions in maintaining social order and the overall functioning of society.
- It believes that societies seek to maintain equilibrium and social integration through shared norms and values.
- Functionalists study how institutions like the family socialize members and transmit cultural values to the next generation.
- They see deviance and crime as inevitable in all societies and as playing a role in promoting social change. But too much deviance risks disrupting the social order.
So in summary, functionalism emphasizes how social
You're correct. Diagrams A and B represent functions since each element in the domain corresponds to exactly one element in the range. Diagram C is not a function since the element 2 in the domain corresponds to more than one element in the range, 5 and 7.
Great job recalling the concepts of relations and functions! Now let's proceed to representing real-life situations using functions.
A community can be understood from different perspectives. It is a sociological construct that has fuzzy boundaries and can exist within a larger community. A community consists of individuals with many differences that can cause divisions and conflicts. These differences include factors like religion, ethnicity, gender, class, education and more. From a social science perspective, communities have been conceptualized as ideal political units or analyzed in terms of the roles of institutions in maintaining social order. Communities can also be understood from an institutional perspective in terms of the social institutions that arise from shared agreements and shape collective behaviors and functions.
1. Jonel Pacunla discussed dissociation, which is separating memories one cannot deal with or doesn't want to acknowledge.
2. Rhea Genon discussed compartmentalization, which is separating parts of oneself from awareness of other parts to avoid anxiety from contradictory values or emotions.
3. Mark Lester Aliganga discussed displacement, which is transferring negative emotion from one person or thing to another.
This document provides information about a Senior High School module on creative writing. It discusses using imagery, diction, and figures of speech to evoke meaningful responses from readers. The module is divided into three lessons: Lesson 1 on imagery, Lesson 2 on diction, and Lesson 3 on figures of speech. It provides learning objectives and competencies to help students illustrate imagery on sense experiences, produce real-life scenarios using focus on diction, and construct memorable events using figures of speech, diction, and vivid imagery.
This document discusses and compares implicit and explicit concepts. Implicit concepts store casual information and explain phenomena indirectly without being directly stated. Explicit concepts encode statistical, casual, syntactic, and definitional information needed for language processing and explicit cognition. Explicit concepts are directly stated without ambiguity while implicit concepts imply meaning through suggestion rather than direct statement.
You're correct. Diagrams A and B represent functions since each element in the domain corresponds to exactly one element in the range. Diagram C is not a function since the element 2 in the domain corresponds to more than one element in the range, 5 and 7.
Great job recalling the concepts of relations and functions! Now let's proceed to representing real-life situations using functions.
A community can be understood from different perspectives. It is a sociological construct that has fuzzy boundaries and can exist within a larger community. A community consists of individuals with many differences that can cause divisions and conflicts. These differences include factors like religion, ethnicity, gender, class, education and more. From a social science perspective, communities have been conceptualized as ideal political units or analyzed in terms of the roles of institutions in maintaining social order. Communities can also be understood from an institutional perspective in terms of the social institutions that arise from shared agreements and shape collective behaviors and functions.
1. Jonel Pacunla discussed dissociation, which is separating memories one cannot deal with or doesn't want to acknowledge.
2. Rhea Genon discussed compartmentalization, which is separating parts of oneself from awareness of other parts to avoid anxiety from contradictory values or emotions.
3. Mark Lester Aliganga discussed displacement, which is transferring negative emotion from one person or thing to another.
This document provides information about a Senior High School module on creative writing. It discusses using imagery, diction, and figures of speech to evoke meaningful responses from readers. The module is divided into three lessons: Lesson 1 on imagery, Lesson 2 on diction, and Lesson 3 on figures of speech. It provides learning objectives and competencies to help students illustrate imagery on sense experiences, produce real-life scenarios using focus on diction, and construct memorable events using figures of speech, diction, and vivid imagery.
This document discusses and compares implicit and explicit concepts. Implicit concepts store casual information and explain phenomena indirectly without being directly stated. Explicit concepts encode statistical, casual, syntactic, and definitional information needed for language processing and explicit cognition. Explicit concepts are directly stated without ambiguity while implicit concepts imply meaning through suggestion rather than direct statement.
This document discusses personal relationships, attachments, love, intimacy, commitment, and responsibility. It covers:
1) Types of attachments formed in childhood that can influence future relationships (secure, avoidant, anxious-ambivalent).
2) Stages of falling in love according to Helen Fisher (lust, attraction, attachment).
3) Theories of attraction including similarity, proximity, genetics, personality traits, and physical attractiveness.
4) Key aspects of love and intimacy including commitment, passion, and responsibility in relationships.
- Society is divided into two main competing classes: the bourgeoisie (owners of capital) and the proletariat (workers).
- The bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat by appropriating the surplus value generated by workers and paying them only a subsistence wage.
- This unequal class-based system leads to conflict and contradiction that will inevitably cause revolution as workers gain class consciousness.
- The state is seen as a mechanism for one class to oppress other classes. A Marxist would seek to overthrow the capitalist state and replace it with a dictatorship of the proletariat as a transition to full communism.
EAPP Q 2 – Module 7 Designing, Conducting and Gathering Information from Surv...Leah Condina
This document provides information about conducting surveys. It discusses designing survey questionnaires, different methods for administering surveys, and steps for conducting a survey. Specifically, it covers:
1. Types of survey questionnaires and their objectives.
2. Methods for administering surveys, including face-to-face interviews, telephone surveys, paper surveys, online surveys, and mail surveys, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.
3. Guidelines for effective survey questions, such as using clear language, limiting response options, asking one question at a time, including a "does not apply" option, and avoiding personal or embarrassing questions.
4. The three steps to conducting a survey: deciding on questions and creating a tally
This document discusses research, including its nature, characteristics, objectives, and uses in the Philippine society. It defines research as a careful investigation and analysis of ideas, concepts, objects, people, issues, or statements to clarify, prove, or challenge them. Some key points made:
- Research should be objective, use multiple sources of data, have an appropriate methodology, and be critical and documented.
- Research aims to discover information, provide new interpretations, clarify issues, challenge accepted ideas, and prove or validate statements.
- Research is used in everyday activities, academics, business, and government institutions.
- Philippine research orientation considers topics, methodology, interpretation, researcher, audience, and language used.
This document outlines a career guidance module for grade 11 students with the objectives of helping students understand different professions and life choices, factors that influence career decisions, and how to choose a profession. It includes group activities to represent different career tracks, a story to illustrate factors that affect career choices, and a lecture on personal, family, and social influences on career decisions. The lecture also discusses senior high school curriculum exits, regulated professions grouped by career clusters, and having students reflect on influences and next steps in their career planning.
Ang pokus ng teknikal-bokasyonal na pagsulat ay ang introduksyon ng mag-aaral sa iba’t ibang uri ng pagsulat na kailangan sa mga gawaing may teknikal na oryentasyon.
*Disclaimer: the pictures/information/media used in this ppt do not belong to me. Credits to the rightful owners.
The passage discusses the seductive and destructive power of methamphetamine (meth). It notes that while meth initially increases sex drive and performance, government officials and doctors are reluctant to discuss this effect. The summary also mentions a doctor who interviewed meth addicts, finding that both men and women reported meth's impact on their sex lives.
Thorstein Veblen is considered the founder of institutionalism. He developed a critique of orthodox economic theory and argued that human behavior is governed by instincts and habits formed by institutions, which are socially shared mental patterns. In his 1899 book The Theory of the Leisure Class, Veblen analyzed conspicuous consumption as a display of status rather than satisfying real needs. New institutionalism in the 1980s revived a focus on institutions across various disciplines like economics and political science. It views institutions as lenses for understanding these fields and reacted against approaches that neglected historical and social contexts. Traditional institutionalism deals with enduring social structures and the processes through which norms and rules become established guidelines for behavior over time.
This document provides guidance on writing a reaction paper, which analyzes a piece by summarizing it, evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, and sharing personal reactions. It outlines a 5-paragraph structure including an introduction, 3 body paragraphs with supporting details, and a conclusion. The document contrasts reaction papers with diaries, noting reaction papers are more formal and aim to enlighten others rather than just the author. It provides questions to consider for each section and examples of modern iterations of reaction papers like reviews.
This document discusses several challenges faced by Filipino middle and late adolescents. It addresses developing self-esteem while accepting one's strengths and weaknesses. It also discusses academic concerns, attitudes towards sexuality, group belongingness, health and nutrition, balancing various roles, impacts of material poverty and parents working abroad, career choice, and relationship challenges. Maintaining relationships requires maturity, and friendships may be easier than family relationships during this phase.
Introduction to the Disciplines of Applied Social SciencesMiss Ivy
This document provides an introduction to applied social sciences. It defines social sciences as disciplines that systematically study social phenomena, institutions, and interpersonal relationships within human society. Applied social sciences involve applying theories and methods from various social science fields to address real-world problems. The document lists several disciplines within applied social sciences, including communication, counseling, social work, and others. It provides brief descriptions of communication, counseling, and social work, noting how they provide access to information, help with life crises, and promote social change, respectively. Students are assigned activities to discuss their new learnings about applied social sciences and interview local social science professionals.
This document provides information about a module on Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions, including:
- It was published by the Department of Education and covers contemporary art, integrative art, and contemporary art forms from the Philippine regions.
- The module aims to define contemporary arts, explain integrative art, infer integrative art in contemporary art, and identify and classify contemporary art forms from the regions.
- It contains sections on what learners need to know, a pre-test to assess prior knowledge, lessons and activities, and references.
This document provides information on famous Filipino composers from traditional, contemporary, and other song composers. It lists the names of 12 composers and poses a multiple choice question about each one, asking the reader to identify biographical and compositional details about each composer. The composers span both classical and popular genres and have made significant contributions to the development of Filipino music.
The document discusses differences among disciplines in applied social sciences. It provides activities for students to learn about the disciplines, including dividing into groups to perform puppet shows demonstrating differences, identifying social issues each discipline could address, and comparing two disciplines using a Venn diagram. The goal is for students to understand how the applied social sciences relate to various societal concerns.
DISS_mod2_Nature and Functions of Social Sciences Disciplines.pdfRaymondJohnBaliling
The document provides an overview of the nine core disciplines within social sciences - anthropology, demography, economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science, psychology, and sociology. It defines each discipline, explains their functions and nature. The disciplines are distinct but interconnected fields that aim to study and understand human society and behavior through various lenses.
DISS_mod1_Introduction to Social Sciences with Natural Sciences and Humaniti...RaymondJohnBaliling
The document provides background information on social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities. It discusses:
1. The emergence of social sciences from ancient philosophy and their development through major historical periods like the Age of Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution.
2. Key figures like Auguste Comte who coined the term "sociology" and thinkers like Marx who provided early theories in social sciences.
3. Definitions of social sciences as the study of human societies and relationships, natural sciences as the study of natural phenomena based on evidence, and examples of branches under natural sciences.
This document discusses personal relationships, attachments, love, intimacy, commitment, and responsibility. It covers:
1) Types of attachments formed in childhood that can influence future relationships (secure, avoidant, anxious-ambivalent).
2) Stages of falling in love according to Helen Fisher (lust, attraction, attachment).
3) Theories of attraction including similarity, proximity, genetics, personality traits, and physical attractiveness.
4) Key aspects of love and intimacy including commitment, passion, and responsibility in relationships.
- Society is divided into two main competing classes: the bourgeoisie (owners of capital) and the proletariat (workers).
- The bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat by appropriating the surplus value generated by workers and paying them only a subsistence wage.
- This unequal class-based system leads to conflict and contradiction that will inevitably cause revolution as workers gain class consciousness.
- The state is seen as a mechanism for one class to oppress other classes. A Marxist would seek to overthrow the capitalist state and replace it with a dictatorship of the proletariat as a transition to full communism.
EAPP Q 2 – Module 7 Designing, Conducting and Gathering Information from Surv...Leah Condina
This document provides information about conducting surveys. It discusses designing survey questionnaires, different methods for administering surveys, and steps for conducting a survey. Specifically, it covers:
1. Types of survey questionnaires and their objectives.
2. Methods for administering surveys, including face-to-face interviews, telephone surveys, paper surveys, online surveys, and mail surveys, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.
3. Guidelines for effective survey questions, such as using clear language, limiting response options, asking one question at a time, including a "does not apply" option, and avoiding personal or embarrassing questions.
4. The three steps to conducting a survey: deciding on questions and creating a tally
This document discusses research, including its nature, characteristics, objectives, and uses in the Philippine society. It defines research as a careful investigation and analysis of ideas, concepts, objects, people, issues, or statements to clarify, prove, or challenge them. Some key points made:
- Research should be objective, use multiple sources of data, have an appropriate methodology, and be critical and documented.
- Research aims to discover information, provide new interpretations, clarify issues, challenge accepted ideas, and prove or validate statements.
- Research is used in everyday activities, academics, business, and government institutions.
- Philippine research orientation considers topics, methodology, interpretation, researcher, audience, and language used.
This document outlines a career guidance module for grade 11 students with the objectives of helping students understand different professions and life choices, factors that influence career decisions, and how to choose a profession. It includes group activities to represent different career tracks, a story to illustrate factors that affect career choices, and a lecture on personal, family, and social influences on career decisions. The lecture also discusses senior high school curriculum exits, regulated professions grouped by career clusters, and having students reflect on influences and next steps in their career planning.
Ang pokus ng teknikal-bokasyonal na pagsulat ay ang introduksyon ng mag-aaral sa iba’t ibang uri ng pagsulat na kailangan sa mga gawaing may teknikal na oryentasyon.
*Disclaimer: the pictures/information/media used in this ppt do not belong to me. Credits to the rightful owners.
The passage discusses the seductive and destructive power of methamphetamine (meth). It notes that while meth initially increases sex drive and performance, government officials and doctors are reluctant to discuss this effect. The summary also mentions a doctor who interviewed meth addicts, finding that both men and women reported meth's impact on their sex lives.
Thorstein Veblen is considered the founder of institutionalism. He developed a critique of orthodox economic theory and argued that human behavior is governed by instincts and habits formed by institutions, which are socially shared mental patterns. In his 1899 book The Theory of the Leisure Class, Veblen analyzed conspicuous consumption as a display of status rather than satisfying real needs. New institutionalism in the 1980s revived a focus on institutions across various disciplines like economics and political science. It views institutions as lenses for understanding these fields and reacted against approaches that neglected historical and social contexts. Traditional institutionalism deals with enduring social structures and the processes through which norms and rules become established guidelines for behavior over time.
This document provides guidance on writing a reaction paper, which analyzes a piece by summarizing it, evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, and sharing personal reactions. It outlines a 5-paragraph structure including an introduction, 3 body paragraphs with supporting details, and a conclusion. The document contrasts reaction papers with diaries, noting reaction papers are more formal and aim to enlighten others rather than just the author. It provides questions to consider for each section and examples of modern iterations of reaction papers like reviews.
This document discusses several challenges faced by Filipino middle and late adolescents. It addresses developing self-esteem while accepting one's strengths and weaknesses. It also discusses academic concerns, attitudes towards sexuality, group belongingness, health and nutrition, balancing various roles, impacts of material poverty and parents working abroad, career choice, and relationship challenges. Maintaining relationships requires maturity, and friendships may be easier than family relationships during this phase.
Introduction to the Disciplines of Applied Social SciencesMiss Ivy
This document provides an introduction to applied social sciences. It defines social sciences as disciplines that systematically study social phenomena, institutions, and interpersonal relationships within human society. Applied social sciences involve applying theories and methods from various social science fields to address real-world problems. The document lists several disciplines within applied social sciences, including communication, counseling, social work, and others. It provides brief descriptions of communication, counseling, and social work, noting how they provide access to information, help with life crises, and promote social change, respectively. Students are assigned activities to discuss their new learnings about applied social sciences and interview local social science professionals.
This document provides information about a module on Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions, including:
- It was published by the Department of Education and covers contemporary art, integrative art, and contemporary art forms from the Philippine regions.
- The module aims to define contemporary arts, explain integrative art, infer integrative art in contemporary art, and identify and classify contemporary art forms from the regions.
- It contains sections on what learners need to know, a pre-test to assess prior knowledge, lessons and activities, and references.
This document provides information on famous Filipino composers from traditional, contemporary, and other song composers. It lists the names of 12 composers and poses a multiple choice question about each one, asking the reader to identify biographical and compositional details about each composer. The composers span both classical and popular genres and have made significant contributions to the development of Filipino music.
The document discusses differences among disciplines in applied social sciences. It provides activities for students to learn about the disciplines, including dividing into groups to perform puppet shows demonstrating differences, identifying social issues each discipline could address, and comparing two disciplines using a Venn diagram. The goal is for students to understand how the applied social sciences relate to various societal concerns.
DISS_mod2_Nature and Functions of Social Sciences Disciplines.pdfRaymondJohnBaliling
The document provides an overview of the nine core disciplines within social sciences - anthropology, demography, economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science, psychology, and sociology. It defines each discipline, explains their functions and nature. The disciplines are distinct but interconnected fields that aim to study and understand human society and behavior through various lenses.
DISS_mod1_Introduction to Social Sciences with Natural Sciences and Humaniti...RaymondJohnBaliling
The document provides background information on social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities. It discusses:
1. The emergence of social sciences from ancient philosophy and their development through major historical periods like the Age of Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution.
2. Key figures like Auguste Comte who coined the term "sociology" and thinkers like Marx who provided early theories in social sciences.
3. Definitions of social sciences as the study of human societies and relationships, natural sciences as the study of natural phenomena based on evidence, and examples of branches under natural sciences.
This document provides an introduction to philosophy, explaining that it originated in ancient Greece and involves examining life's biggest questions through reason rather than faith. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and discusses Thales as the first Western philosopher, noting that philosophical activity is characterized by examining wide generalizations, fundamentals, and integrating ideas into a coherent whole. The main branches of philosophy are also introduced.
PHILO_Q1_Mod2.1_Methods of Philosphizing.pdfLawSchool5
This module introduces the philosophy of epistemology. Epistemology studies how humans acquire knowledge and determine what is true. It has two main goals: 1) to show how knowledge can be acquired and 2) to validate if acquired knowledge is truly knowledge. Knowledge is a mental grasp of reality obtained through perception or reason based on perception. There are two main ways of acquiring knowledge - through the senses like sight and touch, and through rational thinking using the mind. The process of acquiring knowledge starts with reality, then using the senses to perceive reality, and thinking rationally about sense perceptions to gain understanding.
This module discusses social stratification systems using sociological perspectives. It defines social stratification as the classification of people into socioeconomic classes based on occupation, income, wealth, and social status. There are generally considered to be three main social classes: the upper class, middle class, and lower class. The module examines the different views of Karl Marx and Max Weber on social desirables and social class. It also explains the concepts of social mobility and the different types such as horizontal, vertical, upward, and downward mobility. Finally, it discusses some issues related to social stratification in the Philippines concerning wealth, income, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and people with disabilities.
Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Analyze the Significance of
Cultural, Social, Political, and
Economic Symbols and Practices
PHILO_Q1_Mod4_The Human Person in the Environment.pdfLawSchool5
This document provides an introduction to a module on "The Human Person in the Environment" for senior high school students. It includes information on copyright, the development team for the module, and an introductory message for both the facilitator and learner. The module aims to help learners understand key concepts of environmental philosophy and how humans should ethically deal with the environment.
The document discusses the differences between social sciences and applied social sciences. Social sciences study society and human behavior, while applied social sciences apply theories from social sciences to address real-world problems. It then focuses on counseling as an applied social science. Counseling aims to help clients address problems through clarification and behavior change. The goals of counseling include facilitating change, promoting decision-making, enhancing coping skills, and improving relationships. Counseling's scope includes individual, group, and community-based services.
This document is a self-learning module on personal development for senior high school students in the Division of General Santos City. The module aims to help students better understand themselves and others as they make important career decisions. It uses experiential learning approaches and activities to explore themes of self-concept, personality development, and decision-making. The module is designed to be used independently by students at their own pace. It includes introductory messages, learning objectives, pre-assessments, lesson discussions, independent practice activities, and assessments.
PHILO_Q1_Mod3_The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit.pdfLawSchool5
The document discusses the human person as an embodied spirit, explaining that a human person has a body, mind, and spirit that form their identity. It defines key terms like man, human, and person and describes humans as having both a cognitive self and physical self. The human person is presented as having an animating core or spirit that drives their thoughts, actions, and experiences in the world in an embodied way.
Here are my responses to the questions:
1. Yes, there is something wrong with the friend's response to ask how much to pay for the lunch. In most cultures and social norms, having a friend over for a meal in one's home is considered a gesture of hospitality and friendship, not something that requires monetary payment. Asking how much to pay goes against these social norms of friendship and hospitality.
2. Yes, there is something problematic about the friend's response in the second situation. True friendship involves being there for a friend in need through difficult times, offering comfort and support without expectation of monetary compensation. Asking to be paid for things like phone call time, transportation costs, tissues used, and lost work productivity turns
EAPP Quarter 2 – Module 1 Arguments in Manifestoes.pdfLeah Condina
Here are the answers:
1. N
2. N
3. A
4. A
5. N
6. A
The statements that provide claims and reasons to support them are considered arguments. Statements that are just stating facts or opinions are not arguments.
Here are the communication situations found in the story:
1. Nonverbal communication between the mother and her children as they greeted each other upon seeing each other at the breakfast table.
2. Verbal exchange between the mother and Criselda about the breakfast meal prepared.
3. Nonverbal communication of the father as he entered with disappointment shown in his face and body language.
4. Verbal exchange between the wife and husband when the wife asked what happened after noticing the father's mood.
5. Verbal and nonverbal communication between the children and their father as they offered their support through words and gestures.
6. Interactive communication as each family member took turns sharing their experiences in their daily activities
Developmental Changes in Middle and Late AdolescenceKokoStevan
This document is a self-learning module on personal development for 11th grade students. It discusses developmental changes that occur in middle and late adolescence. The module is divided into several sections that introduce a topic, provide activities for students to practice and learn, and assess their understanding. It aims to help students understand the developmental tasks and challenges of adolescence, evaluate their own development with input from others, and identify ways to become responsible and prepared for adulthood.
This document provides information about a science module for 7th grade students. It includes an introductory message for teachers and learners. The module is divided into three lessons about biology and life processes. It explains what students are expected to learn and lists the parts of the module like objectives, activities, and assessments. References and contact information are provided at the end.
The document provides an overview of the key concepts and principles of institutionalism, one of the major social science ideas. It defines institutions and institutionalism, discusses the three functions of isomorphism, and identifies formal and informal institutions. Important theorists on institutionalism like David Mitrany and Jean Monnet are also briefly described. The document aims to introduce learners to the basic ideas of institutionalism.
The answer is A. Gender symbol.
2. It refers to certain roles, characteristics, and expectations of how a person should feel, think, and act as influenced by parents, peers, and society.
A. gender symbol
B. gender role
C. sex
D. sexuality
1. This module will teach learners about sexuality as an important component of one's personality. Sexuality is a natural part of human life and involves masculine and feminine identification.
2. Key terms in sexuality such as sex, gender, and sexuality will be defined. Learners will express how sexuality is an important part of one's personality through a written reflection.
3. Learners will also learn to draw basic symbols that describe gender and sexuality.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Module 4.pdf
1. Disciplines and
Ideas in the
Social Science
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Concepts and Principles of the
Social Science Theories
www.shsph.blogspot.com
2. Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Science – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Concepts and Principles of the Social Science
Theories
First Edition, 2020
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
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ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
Ronilo AJ K. Firmo, PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Wilson C. Antolin Jr.
Editors: Kristle M. Estillore
Ann Christian A. Francisco
Reviewers: Angelica M. Burayag, PhD
Nelie D. Sacman, PhD
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Layout Artist: Christine Ann C. Buenaventura
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Management Team: Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
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3. Disciplines and
Ideas in the
Social Science
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Concepts and Principles of the
Social Science Theories
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4. ii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Concepts and Principles of the Social Science
Theories!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators
both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Concepts and Principles of the Social Science
Theories!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as
a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies
in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners
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5. iii
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to
Know
This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you
link the current lesson with the previous
one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be
given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
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6. iv
Answer Key
This contains answers to all activities in
the module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
References
This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.
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7. 1
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Concepts and Principles of the Major Social Science Theories.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond
with the textbook you are now using.
The module has one lesson:
Lesson 1 – The Major Social Science Theories
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. define the different concepts and principles of the three major social
science theories;
2. apply those concepts into a real-life situation and concerns by
showing their skills; and
3. analyze the basic concepts and principles of the major social science
theories.
What I Know
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Functionalism is a sociological theory that explains social life using a
__________ approach.
a. Micro analysis c. Macro analysis
b. Interpretive analysis d. Statistical Analysis
2. Functionalism is a sociological theory that views society as _________________.
a. Genetic c. Chaotic
b. Symbolic d. Stable
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8. 2
3. When a society’s parts work together to maintain stability, functionalists
refer to this as _________________.
a. Equilibrium c. Anomie
b. Social solidarity d. Latent function
4. Schools pass on generational knowledge, hospitals treat the ill, and religion
provides comfort. What is it called when a social institution serves a purpose
for society?
a. Symbol c. Dysfunction
b. Agency d. Function
5. Sociologists refer to parts of society that do not make positive contributions
to the stability of society as __________.
a. Dysfunctional c. Equilibrium
b. Functional d. False consciousness
6. Manifest functions are _________________.
a. Actions which cannot be measured
b. Intentional actions meant to fulfill a goal
b. Unintentional actions meant to fulfill a goal
c. Actions which usually result in dysfunctions
7. Education keeps a number of young people from being classified as
unemployed is an example of _________________.
a. Manifest Function c. Dysfunction
b. Latent Function d. Functional Imperative
8. This period within classical Marxism comprises the debates conducted
during the first decades following Marx’s death.
a. Early Socialism
b. The Marxism of the Third International
c. The Marxism of the Second International
d. None of the above
9. The term _______ denotes those theories and discussions that emerged, as it
were, in the space between dogmatic Marxism - Leninism and the reformism
of social democracy.
a. Austro - Marxism c. Maoism
b. Left Socialism d. Trotskyism
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9. 3
10. It is a social class which owns the means of production (i.e. land, factories,
machinery, raw materials, and commercial organizations which are used to
produced goods and services).
a. Bourgeoisie c. Social Status
b. Proletariat d. None of the above
11. He argued that the power of ideology was stronger than Marx had realized
and that more work is needed to be done to overcome cultural hegemony or
rule through common sense.
a. Antonio Gramsci c. Max Weber
b. Karl Marx d. Pierre Bourdieu
12. Which of these DOES NOT belong to the Marxist Three Levels of Culture
Model?
a. Infrastructure c. Superstructure
b. Structure d. Value
13. It happens when there are incompatible expectations attached to some
position in a social relationship.
a. Role Conflict c. Social Structure
b. Role Taking d. Social Act
14. Which of the following is the application of symbolic interactionism?
a. Creating reality c. Symbol Manipulation
b. Naming d. All of the above
15. The label symbolic interactionism was formulated by _______, which is the
process of interaction in the formation of meanings for individuals.
a. Blumer c. Dewey
b. Robert K. Merton d. Max Weber
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10. 4
Lesson
1
The Major Social Science
Theories
The social sciences are not only composed of disciplines that showcase
how it views and studies every facet of society. The disciplines prove how social
science is applicable and practical, meaning that the social sciences are things
that you can use every day to understand reality much better. Without the
disciplines, the social sciences would not exist at all.
But the social sciences also have theoretical foundations and ideological
thrusts. That is why apart from the disciplines, the social sciences have what
we call the dominant approaches and ideas that are present within the different
disciplines. These are the roots of a discipline, or better yet, the very inspiration
of the different social sciences. A particular approach or ideology has the
capacity to influence all of the disciplines, for the theory that each ideology
provides encompasses all of the disciplines and affects them in many ways. This
module shall discuss different dominant approaches and ideas that are present
in today’s society, and how each of these approaches and ideas play a role in
the character and everyday living of society.
Notes to the Teacher
This Alternative Delivery Mode has been developed to help
you facilitate the learners in understanding the basic concept and
principle of Structural - functionalism, Marxism, and Symbolic
Interactionism.
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11. 5
What’s In
Direction: Choose three (3) disciplines of social sciences and cite the major
events that occurred in social sciences and its contributions that led
to its emergence. Use a separate paper for your answer.
Disciplines
Major Events/
Contributions
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12. 6
Direction: Fill out the KWL chart below with the information you have heard,
discussed, and learned. Use a separate paper for your answer.
Major Social
Science
Theories
K
What do you know
about this topic?
W
What do you
want to know
about this topic?
L
What have you
learned about this
topic? (You must
answer this after
reading the lesson.)
Structural -
Functionalism
Marxism
Symbolic
Interactionism
What’s New
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13. 7
What is It
Functionalism
According to Vincent, 2001, Functionalism, also called structural-
functional theory, sees society as a structure with interrelated parts designed
to meet the biological and social needs of the individuals in that society.
Functionalist sociologists like Parsons and Durkheim have been
concerned with the search for functions that institutions may have in society.
However, another functionalist sociologist R. Merton has adopted a
concept of dysfunction – this refers to the effects of any institution which
detracts from the conservation of society.
An example of a function which helps maintain society is that of the
family, its function is to ensure the continuity of society by reproducing and
socializing new members.
Another institution which performs an important function is religion
functionalist sociologists believe that it helps achieve social solidarity and
shared norms and values, however it could be argued that it fails to do this as a
result of increasing secularization in recent years and therefore it creates a
divide between members of society rather than binding them together (moral
glue).
Table 1: Concepts of Structural - Functionalism According to Quexbook, 2018
Concepts Description
Collective
Conscience and
Value Consensus
Functionalists believe that without collective
conscience/ shared values and beliefs, achieving
social order is impossible and social order is
crucial for the well-being of society.
They believe that value consensus forms the basic
integrating principle in society. And if members of
society have shared values, they therefore also
have similar identities, this helps cooperation and
avoids conflict.
Value consensus also ensures that people have
shared: Goals, Roles and Norms. Norms can be
described as specific guidelines of appropriate
behavior; for example, queuing when buying
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14. 8
things.
Social Order
Functionalists believe that there are four main
basic needs that an individual requires in order to
exist in society.
They also believe that these four basic needs are
essential for maintaining social order. They are:
food, shelter, money and clothing.
Functionalism and
Education
Durkheim believes that education transmits
society’s norms and values. Education brings
together a mass and changes them into a united
whole which leads to social solidarity.
Parsons (1961) believes that education leads to
universalistic values and that education performs
a link between family and the wider society which
in turn leads to secondary socialization.
Education also allows people to train for their
future roles in society. Schools instill the value of
achievement and the value of equality of
opportunity.
Education helps match people with jobs suited to
them.
Functionalism and
Family
George Peter Murdock believes that the family
provides four vital functions for society: sexual,
reproductive, economic, and educational.
The family is the primary point of socialization in
that it provides children with values and norms.
Family also stabilizes adult personalities.
A family unit provides emotional security for each
person in the relationship.
Functionalism and
Media
The media operate in the public interest by
reflecting the interests of the audience. It portrays
public opinion.
The media understands that society has a wide
diversity of culture and this is shown by the
different amounts of stories it covers.
Functionalism and
Crime and
Deviance
Durkheim shows us that there is such a thing as
society, and that it is this entity called society
that creates crime and deviance.
Crime and deviance are socially constructed –
they are not natural, obvious, or theologically
inspired categories.
They are concepts that were brought into the
world solely by humankind.
Moreover, Durkheim goes beyond this and shows
us how socially constructed definitions of crime
and deviance are linked into a wider social
structure.
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15. 9
Marxism
According to Quexbook, 2018, Marxism is a social, political, and
economic philosophy named after Karl Marx, which examines the effect
of capitalism on labor, productivity, and economic development and
argues for a worker revolution to overturn capitalism in favor of
communism.
Marxism posits that the struggle between social classes, specifically
between the bourgeoisie, or capitalists, and the proletariat, or workers, defines
economic relations in a capitalist economy and will inevitably lead to
revolutionary communism.
Concepts of Marxism
Certain concepts are key to an understanding of Marxism, a political
theory that has shaped world politics for over 150 years. Key Marxist concepts
are diametrically the opposite to capitalism, and some believe have created a
mentality of a society that is very much a ‘them and us’ one.
Marxism believes that capitalism can only thrive on the exploitation of
the working class.
Marxism believes that there was a real contradiction between human
nature and the way that we must work in a capitalist society.
Marxism has a dialectic approach to life in that everything has two sides.
Marxism believes that capitalism is not only an economic system but is
also a political system.
The profit difference between what goods are sold for and what they
actually cost to make; Marxism refers to as a “surplus profit”.
Marxism believes that economic conflict produces class (rich, middle and
poor) and inherently class produces conflict.
A Marxist analysis called ‘Polarisation of the Classes’ describes the
historical process of the class structure becoming increasingly polarised –
pushed to two ends with noting in the middle. It says that soon classes will
disappear and be absorbed either into the bourgeoisie or the proletariat.
Capitalism largely shapes the educational system; without the education
system the economy would become a massive failure as without education we
are without jobs and employment which is what keeps society moving.
Education helps to maintain the bourgeoisie and the proletariat so that
there can workers producing goods and services and others benefiting from it.
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16. 10
Schools transmit an ideology which states that capitalism is just and
reasonable. Ruling class project their view of the world which becomes the
consensus view (hegemony).
Marxists believe that a key part in the control of the Proletariat is the use
of alienation in all aspects of society, including the family, the education system
and the media. This provides the Bourgeoisie with a supple mass of workers
who do not mind working for the external rewards of a constant wage.
Marxists believe that deviance is any behavior that differs from the
societal norm. It is seen as deviant because as a society, we do not accept it.
Deviance can vary from simply odd behavior to behavior that can harm
society or is considered dangerous or disrespectful.
Neo-Marxism is based on ideas initially projected by Karl Marx. Marx
believed that economic power led to political power and that this is the key to
understanding societies.
Neo-Marxists believe the economic system creates a wealthy class of
owners and a poor class of workers. They also believe that certain social
institutions such as churches, prisons and schools have been created to
maintain the division between the powerful and the powerless.
Symbolic Interactionism
According to Quex book, 2018, The symbolic interaction perspective,
also called symbolic interactionism, is a major framework of
the sociological theory.
This perspective relies on the symbolic meaning that people develop and
build upon in the process of social interaction. Although symbolic
interactionism traces its origins to Max Weber's assertion that individuals act
according to their interpretation of the meaning of their world
A social psychological theory developed from the work of Charles Horton
Cooley and George Herbert Mead in the early part of the twentieth century (the
actual name of the theory comes from Herbert Blumer, one of Mead’s students).
According to this theory, people inhabit a world that is in large part
socially construct
Concepts of Symbolic Interactionism
The most important conceptual building block on which symbolic interactionists
have based their analysis of human conduct is the concept of the symbol, or, as
Mead called it, the significant symbol.
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17. 11
Symbol is a vocal or other kind of gesture that has the same meaning
and solicits the same reaction between the one using it and to whom it is
directed.
Conventional Signs anything associated with some other thing or event,
but it is produced and controlled by the very organisms that have learned to
respond to it.
Natural Signs are those that show appropriateness with its use, that is,
the sign is in its literal form.
Object is anything to which attention can be paid and towards which
action can be directed.
Tangible anything that can be seen by the naked eye and can be touched
(physical).
Intangible not having a physical appearance; cannot be touched or seen
by the naked eye (social).
An act starts with an impulse, which occurs when people’s existing
adjustment or line of activity is disturbed.
In perception, people begin to name or designate objects. Thus, gives
direction to an act.
In the manipulation stage, people take concrete steps to reach our goal.
Finally, the act ends with consummation when people’s original
adjustment or line of activity is restored.
Principles of the Three Major Social Science Theories
Table 2: Principles of Structural – Functionalism (Trueman, 2015)
Social Science Theory Principles
Structural - Functionalism Societies should be examined holistically
in an interrelated system framework.
Causation is reciprocal and, in many
instances, multiple.
Social systems are generally in a state of
equilibrium.
The functionalists are less interested in
the history of a society, but more
concerned with social interaction.
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18. 12
The functionalists attempt to find the
interrelationships between the
compounds of social structure.
Marxism Both Hegel and Marx have dealt with a
basic question – How is man to be
reconciled with him and with the world?
Hegel was of opinion that mind of man
passes through history and finally comes
to realize what is the world.
Both Hegel and Marx thought that man
was the product of self-knowledge and he
goes on reconciling with the world. But to
Hegel the concept of self- knowledge is
associated with Spirit or Absolute Idea
Marx has rejected it and has laid down
the famous doctrine of alienation. That is,
he tries to understand himself or the
world around him through the alienation.
The theory of alienation is the product of
the alienated labor. In fact, alienation
occupies a very important place in Marx’s
theory.
In capitalist economy there is a division of
labor which means that a labor produces
a single or small part of an article. The
capitalist system has introduced this
division of labor to have better results.
But its harmful consequence is with the
passing away of time man is gradually
alienated from the whole production
system and finally the society.
The general meaning of alienation is that
it is the “subjugation of man by his own
work, which has assumed the guise of
independent things”.
The entire economic process including
production and distribution is beyond the
control of workers. They work just like
machine.
In the opinion of Marx, since alienation is
the greatest evil of capitalist system the
workers must be freed from this evil.
But he has warned us by saying that
there is no scope of freeing individuals
from the curse of alienation because it is
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19. 13
an integral part of the capitalist system.
If we go through Marx’s analysis, we shall
find that the only way of freeing man from
alienation is the establishment of
communism or communist society.
Symbolic Interactionism
(Blumer, 1969; Manis and
Meltzer, 1978; A. Rose,
1962; Snow, 2001)
Human beings, unlike lower animals, are
endowed with the capacity for thought.
The capacity for thought is shaped by
social interaction.
In social interaction, people learn the
meanings and the symbols that allow
them to exercise their distinctively human
capacity for thought.
Meanings and symbols allow people to
carry on distinctively human action and
interaction.
People are able to modify or alter the
meanings and symbols that they use in
action and interaction on the basis of
their interpretation of the situation.
People are able to make these
modifications and alterations because, in
part, of their ability to interact with
themselves, which allows them to
examine possible courses of action,
assess their relative advantages and
disadvantages, and then choose one.
The intertwined patterns of action and
interaction make up groups and societies.
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20. 14
What’s More
Concept Mapping!
A. Directions: Using the concept map below, explain what is Structural-
Functionalism. Use a separate bond paper for this activity.
Build a World!
B. Direction: Draw a community comprised of different institutions, then
answer the following questions with at least two (2) sentences.
Use a separate bond paper for this activity.
1. How did you find the activity?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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21. 15
2. How did you feel while doing the activity?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How did you structure your community?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What did you prioritize in your choice of institution?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
5. How did the structures function in the society?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
6. Have you heard of the Structural Functionalism Theory? What have you
learned about it?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Poster Making!
C. Directions: Make a poster with the theme “Marxism in Today’s Society” and
explain your work. Use a separate bond paper.
Rubric for Poster
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22. 16
D. Direction: Explain how the given concept of Marxism theory affects our
society. Write at least three (3) sentences on a separate paper.
1. Marxism believes that there is a real contradiction between human nature
and the way that we must work in a capitalist society.
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________
2. Marxism has a dialectic approach to life and that everything has two sides.
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________
3. Marxism believes that economic conflict produces class (rich, middle, and
poor) and inherently class produces conflict.
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________
4. The profit difference between what goods are sold for and what they actually
cost to make; Marxism refers to as a “surplus profit”.
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________
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23. 17
E. Directions: Interpret the cartoon below showing what happened to the
Philippines and how its society was affected by the pandemic.
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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24. 18
F. Directions: Give word representations of the acronym of SYMBOLIC
INTERACTIONISM below. Base your answer on your
understanding of its concepts and principles. Use a separate
sheet of paper for this activity.
S - _____________________________________________________________________
Y - _____________________________________________________________________
M - _____________________________________________________________________
B - _____________________________________________________________________
O - _____________________________________________________________________
L - _____________________________________________________________________
I - _____________________________________________________________________
C - _____________________________________________________________________
I - _____________________________________________________________________
N - _____________________________________________________________________
T - _____________________________________________________________________
E - _____________________________________________________________________
R - _____________________________________________________________________
A - _____________________________________________________________________
C - _____________________________________________________________________
T - _____________________________________________________________________
I - _____________________________________________________________________
O - _____________________________________________________________________
N - _____________________________________________________________________
I - _____________________________________________________________________
S - _____________________________________________________________________
M - _____________________________________________________________________
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25. 19
What I Have Learned
Direction: Explain what you have learned in the concepts and principles of the
three major social science theories. Make a table and list down the
concepts on the first column and its principles on the second
column. Use a separate bond paper for this activity.
Social Science
Theories
Concepts Principles
What I Can Do
Directions: Show your skills by making a slogan, poster, poem, or song on how
you emphasize your concerns in today’s society by using different
concepts of the three major social science theories. Do the activity
on a separate bond paper.
This is the rubrics for your poem and song. The rubrics of slogan and poster in the
previous modules will be used in this activity.
Exceptional - 5pts
Good Work - 4pts
Developing - 3pts
Beginning - 2pts
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26. 20
Multiple Choice
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following defines Marxism?
a. Marxism is the antithesis of capitalism.
b. It is a theory in which class struggle is a central element in the
analysis of social change in Western societies.
c. Marxism is the system of socialism of which the dominant feature is
public ownership of the means of production, distribution, and
exchange.
d. All of the above
2. Who viewed the structure of society in relation to its major classes
and the struggle between them as the engine of change in this
structure?
a. Karl Marx c. Ralf Dahrendorf
b. Lenin d. None of the above
3. __________ begins analytically with a conception of the social space as a field
of meanings, values, norms, statuses, and class; where status has the joint
meaning of formal positions (as in authoritative roles) and the informal
statuses of wealth, power, and prestige.
a. Class Conflict c. Social conflict
b. Class interest d. The Conflict Helix
4. Which of the following belong to the three classes related to sources of
income as distinguished by Marx?
a. Landowners whose main source of income is ground rent.
b. Owners of simple labor power or laborers whose main source of income
is labor.
c. Owners of capital or capitalists whose main source of income is profit
or surplus value.
d. All of the above
5. This is a criteria to which any collectively of human grouping with a similar
relationship would make a category not a class; if subjective criteria are not
included.
a. Capitalist criteria c. Objective criteria
b. Marxian criteria d. Subjective criteria
6. It is a vocal or other kind of gesture that has the same meaning and solicits
the same reaction between the one using it and to whom it is directed.
a. Language c. Symbol
b. Signs d. Objects
Assessment
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27. 21
7. A/an __________ is anything that conveys meaning may it be an event,
pattern, action, and among others.
a. Language c. Symbol
b. Signs d. Objects
8. A __________ sign or symbol is anything associated with some other thing or
event, but it is produced and controlled by the very organisms that have
learned to respond to it.
a. Conventional c. Public
b. Natural d. All of the above
9. Which fact belong to the impact of using symbol on human beings.
a. Symbols transform the very nature of the environment in which the
human species live.
b. Symbols make it possible for the individual to be part of the very
environment to which he or she responds, thus it makes possible the
development of self
c. Symbols make it possible for the behavioral dispositions, or attitudes,
of one individual to be reproduced in another person.
d. All of the above
10. Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the phases of acts?
a. Impulse c. Perception
b. Tangible d. Manipulation
11. It is a social behavior made up of communication to which individuals react;
consequently, causing a change in behavior.
a. Interactions c. Identity
b. Roles d. Symbols
12. This perspective relies on the symbolic meaning that people develop and
rely upon in the process of social interaction.
a. Identity c. Roles
b. Symbolic interactionism d. None of the above
13. It is a broad perspective in sociology and anthropology which sets out to
interpret society as a structure with interrelated parts.
a. Functionalism c. Psychoanalysis
b. Marxism d. Symbolic Interactionism
14. He is a British philosopher famous for applying the theory of natural
selection to society, and was in many ways, the first true sociological
functionalist.
a. Durkheim c. Robert Merton
b. Herbert Spencer d. Talcott Parsons
15. Parsons constructed a set of variables that can be used to analyze the
various systems. Which of the following belong to the five pattern variables?
a. Ascription and Achievement c. Diffuseness and Specificity
b. Affectivity and Affective Neutrality d. All of the above
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28. 22
Additional Activities
Picture Perfect!
Directions: Cut out pictures that show concepts of structural functionalism,
Marxism, and symbolic interactionism. Paste it inside the box and make your
own brief description below. Use a separate sheet of paper for this activity.
___________________________________ ___________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________
____________________________________ ___________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
___________________________________
Structural - Functionalism Marxism
Symbolic Interactionism
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30. 24
References
Marxist Concepts, Citation: C N Trueman "Marxist Concepts"
historylearningsite.co.
uk.The History Learning Site, 25 May 2015. 25 Apr 2020.
Functionalism, Citation: C N Trueman "Functionalism" historylearningsite.co.uk.
The History Learning Site, 25 May 2015. 25 Apr 2020.
John Hewitt, Self & Society, 9th Edition, Allyn & Bacon, 200 from
https://www.csun.edu/~hbsoc126/soc1/Basic%20Tenets%20of%20Sym
bolic%20Interactionsim.pdf
What Is Symbolic Interactionism? By Ashley Crossman Updated January 30,
2020 https://www.thoughtco.com/symbolic-interaction-theory-3026633
https://www.politicalsciencenotes.com/marxism/marxism-meaning-features-
and-principles/1225
Blumer, Manis and Meltzer, A. Rose, and Snow. Symbolic Interactionism
Copyright 2017 by SAGE Publications, Inc.
https://us.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upmassets/79338_book_ite
m_79338.pdf
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